公开(公告)号：US20050221626A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-06

申请号：US11020422

申请日：2004-12-21

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: B05D3/02 ,  B05D7/24 ,  B29C71/02 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08J5/18 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/469 ,  H01L21/31

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0254 ,  B29C71/02 ,  B29C2071/022 ,  B29C2071/025 ,  B29C2071/027 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08G61/025 ,  C08G2261/3424 ,  C08J5/18 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/02271 ,  H01L21/31058 ,  H01L21/3127 ,  Y10T428/269 ,  Y10T428/3154 ,  Y10T428/31544 ,  Y10T428/31855

Abstract: A method of stabilizing a poly(paraxylylene) dielectric thin film after forming the dielectric thin film via transport polymerization is disclosed, wherein the method includes annealing the dielectric thin film under at least one of a reductive atmosphere and a vacuum at a temperature above a reversible solid phase transition temperature of the dielectric film to convert the film from a lower temperature phase to a higher temperature phase, and cooling the dielectric thin film at a sufficient rate to a temperature below the solid phase transition temperature of the dielectric thin film to trap substantial portions of the film in the higher temperature phase.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种在通过传输聚合形成电介质薄膜之后稳定聚（对二甲苯）电介质薄膜的方法，其中该方法包括在至少一种还原性气氛和真空中在高于可逆的温度下退火介电薄膜 电介质膜的固相转变温度，以将膜从较低温度相转变为较高温度相，并将电介质薄膜以足够的速率冷却至低于介电薄膜的固相转变温度的温度，以捕获相当大的 在较高温度阶段的薄膜部分。

公开(公告)号：US20050218481A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-06

申请号：US10816205

申请日：2004-03-31

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: H01L21/4763 ,  H01L23/58

CPC classification number: H01L21/3122 ,  H01L21/02118 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/02126 ,  H01L21/022 ,  H01L21/02216 ,  H01L21/02263 ,  H01L21/02348 ,  H01L21/3127

Abstract: An integrated circuit including a composite polymer dielectric layer formed on a substrate is disclosed, wherein the composite polymer dielectric layer includes a first silane-containing layer formed on the substrate, wherein the first silane-containing layer is formed at least partially from an organosilane material, a polymer dielectric layer formed on the first silane-containing layer, and a second silane-containing layer formed on the polymer dielectric layer. In some embodiments, the first silane-containing layer and second silane-containing layer may be formed from organosilane materials having at least one unsaturated bond capable of free radical polymerization. Systems and methods for making the disclosed integrated circuits are also provided.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种集成电路，其包括在基板上形成的复合聚合物电介质层，其中所述复合聚合物电介质层包括在所述基板上形成的第一含硅烷层，其中所述第一含硅烷层至少部分地由有机硅烷材料形成 ，形成在第一含硅烷层上的聚合物电介质层和形成在聚合物电介质层上的第二含硅烷层。 在一些实施方案中，第一含硅烷层和第二含硅烷层可以由具有至少一个能够进行自由基聚合的不饱和键的有机硅烷材料形成。 还提供了用于制造所公开的集成电路的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US20050174045A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-11

申请号：US11071764

申请日：2005-03-02

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen ,  Yuri Pikovsky

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen ,  Yuri Pikovsky

IPC: B05D3/02 ,  B05D7/24 ,  B29C71/02 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08J5/18 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01J1/62

CPC classification number: B29C71/02 ,  B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0254 ,  B29C2071/022 ,  B29C2071/025 ,  B29C2071/027 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08G61/025 ,  C08G2261/3424 ,  C08J5/18 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/3127

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display is disclosed, wherein the organic light-emitting display includes a thin film transistor portion including an array of thin film transistors, and a light-emitting portion including an array of organic light-emitting elements in electrical communication with the array of thin film transistors, wherein the light-emitting portion is formed from a plurality of layers of materials, and wherein the plurality of layers of materials in the light-emitting portion includes a plurality of passive polymer layers each formed from a single polymer material. Systems and methods for forming organic light-emitting displays are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种有机发光显示器，其中所述有机发光显示器包括薄膜晶体管部分，所述薄膜晶体管部分包括薄膜晶体管阵列，以及发光部分，包括与所述有机发光元件电连通的有机发光元件阵列 薄膜晶体管阵列，其中所述发光部分由多层材料形成，并且其中所述发光部分中的所述多个材料层包括多个被动聚合物层，每个被动聚合物层由单一聚合物材料形成 。 还公开了用于形成有机发光显示器的系统和方法。

公开(公告)号：US20050047927A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

申请号：US10820447

申请日：2004-04-07

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Oanh Nguyen ,  Wei Lee ,  Michael Solomensky ,  Atul Kumar ,  James Chung Chang ,  Binh Nguyen

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Oanh Nguyen ,  Wei Lee ,  Michael Solomensky ,  Atul Kumar ,  James Chung Chang ,  Binh Nguyen

IPC: B05D1/00 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D7/24 ,  C23C16/452 ,  H01L21/312 ,  F04B1/00

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  B05D1/007 ,  B05D3/062 ,  C23C16/452 ,  H01L21/02118 ,  H01L21/02205 ,  H01L21/02271 ,  H01L21/02348 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/3127

Abstract: A Process Module (“PM”) is designed to facilitate Transport Polymerization (“TP”) of precursors that are useful for preparations of low Dielectric Constant (“∈”) films. The PM consists primarily of a Material Delivery System (“MDS”) with a high temperature Vapor Phase Controller (“VFC”), a TP Reactor, a Treatment Chamber, a Deposition Chamber and a Pumping System. The PM is designed to facilitate TP for new precursors and for film deposition and stabilization processes.

Abstract translation: 工艺模块（“PM”）被设计用于促进可用于制备低介电常数（“ε”）薄膜的前体的传输聚合（“TP”）。 PM主要由具有高温气相控制器（“VFC”），TP反应器，处理室，沉积室和泵送系统的物料输送系统（“MDS”）组成。 PM被设计为促进TP的新前体和薄膜沉积和稳定过程。

公开(公告)号：US20050000434A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-06

申请号：US10897797

申请日：2004-07-22

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B05D1/00 ,  B05D3/02 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D7/24 ,  B29C71/02 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08L65/00 ,  C08L65/04 ,  C23C16/452 ,  F28D17/00 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H01L23/532 ,  C23C16/00

CPC classification number: H01L23/5329 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/1887 ,  B01J2219/00153 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B05D1/007 ,  B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0254 ,  B05D3/061 ,  B05D3/062 ,  B29C71/02 ,  B29C2071/022 ,  B29C2071/025 ,  B29C2071/027 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08G61/025 ,  C08G2261/3424 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08J2365/04 ,  C08L65/00 ,  C08L65/04 ,  C23C16/452 ,  F28D17/005 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/02263 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/3127 ,  H01L23/53238 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/09701 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A reactor for forming a reactive intermediate from a precursor having a general formula of Xm—Ar—(CZ′Z″Y)n is disclosed, wherein X and Y are leaving groups, wherein Ar is an aromatic moiety and wherein the reactive intermediate has at least two free radicals. The reactor includes an inlet for admitting a flow of the precursor into the reactor, an interior having a surface at least partially formed from a material M that reacts with at least one of X and Y to remove at least one of X and Y from the precursor and to form at least one of a compound MaYb and a compound McXd, an outlet for admitting a flow of the reactive intermediate out of the reactor.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于由具有通式Xm-Ar-（CZ'Z'Y）n的前体形成反应性中间体的反应器，其中X和Y是离去基团，其中Ar是芳族部分，其中反应性中间体 至少有两个自由基。 所述反应器包括用于允许前体流入反应器的入口，内部具有至少部分地由材料M形成的表面，所述材料M与X和Y中的至少一个反应以将X和Y中的至少一个从 前体，并形成化合物MaYb和化合物McXd中的至少一种，用于将反应性中间体流从反应器中引入的出口。

公开(公告)号：US06818990B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

申请号：US09542095

申请日：2000-04-03

Applicant: Mark J. DelaRosa ,  Toh-Ming Lu ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Mark J. DelaRosa ,  Toh-Ming Lu ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: H01L23485

CPC classification number: H01L21/76829 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/02131 ,  H01L21/3127 ,  H01L21/31629 ,  H01L21/76828 ,  H01L21/76834 ,  H01L21/76864 ,  H01L23/53238 ,  H01L23/5329 ,  H01L23/53295 ,  H01L2221/1078 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Structures and methods for preventing fluorine diffusion from a fluorinated dielectric material having a low dielectric constant are disclosed. Various fluorine diffusion barriers are described, each of which comprises doped or undoped silicon in combination with tantalum, tantalum nitride, tantalum silicide, cobalt, cobalt silicide, or mixtures thereof. Fluorine diffusion from fluorinated dielectrics is stopped by the barriers at temperatures as high as 450° C. In practice, one of the disclosed fluorine diffusion barriers is positioned between a fluorine-containing insulator and a conductive metal interconnect or metal interconnect diffusion barrier, thereby preventing diffusion of the fluorine atoms into the adjacent interconnect/barrier.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于防止氟扩散从具有低介电常数的氟化介电材料的结构和方法。 描述了各种氟扩散阻挡层，其各自包括与钽，氮化钽，硅化钽，钴，硅化钴或其混合物组合的掺杂或未掺杂的硅。 氟化电介质的氟扩散在高达450℃的温度下被阻挡层阻止。实际上，所公开的氟扩散阻挡层之一位于含氟绝缘体和导电金属互连或金属互连扩散屏障之间，从而防止 氟原子扩散到相邻的互连/屏障中。

公开(公告)号：US5900968A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-04

申请号：US728629

申请日：1996-10-10

Applicant: Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  James W. Sulhoff ,  Yan Sun ,  Robert William Tkach ,  John Lehrer Zyskind

Inventor： Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  James W. Sulhoff ,  Yan Sun ,  Robert William Tkach ,  John Lehrer Zyskind

IPC: H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06 ,  H04B10/14 ,  H04B10/17 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H04B10/296 ,  H04B10/2912 ,  H04B10/2935 ,  H04J14/0221

Abstract: In a WDM network employing a plurality of optical amplifiers in at least one optical fiber link, a system and method for dynamically controlling gain in accordance with the collective behavior of the amplifier chain. According to the present invention, the required response time of dynamic gain control is selected substantially inversely relative to the number of amplifiers in the communication path. Illustratively, in a large-scale optical network (with signal channel paths traversing say, a hundred optical amplifiers), the response time of gain control in accordance with the present invention may be on the order of 5 .mu.s or even less.

Abstract translation: 在至少一个光纤链路中使用多个光放大器的WDM网络中，根据放大器链的集体行为来动态地控制增益的系统和方法。 根据本发明，动态增益控制的所需响应时间相对于通信路径中的放大器的数量基本上相反地选择。 说明性地，在大规模光网络（具有通过数百个光放大器的信道通道）中，根据本发明的增益控制的响应时间可以在5μs甚至更小的数量级。

公开(公告)号：US10028763B2

公开(公告)日：2018-07-24

申请号：US14844640

申请日：2015-09-03

Applicant: Alka Kumar ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Alka Kumar ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: A61B1/00 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B1/012 ,  A61B1/12 ,  A61M1/00 ,  A61B90/00

Abstract: A user friendly, safe and efficient continuous flow irrigation endoscope having only a single housing sheath without an inner sheath. The exclusion of the inner sheath increases the effective lumen of the endoscope. A long hollow cylindrical tube, capable of performing a to and fro and rotary motion, is placed inside the housing sheath to function as an endoscopic instrument, but also to serve as a conduit for evacuating waste fluid and detached tissue pieces present inside a tissue cavity. A single inflow port located at the proximal end of the single housing sheath allows the irrigation fluid to enter the tissue cavity via the lumen of the said housing sheath. The invented endoscope system has a single inflow port, a single outflow port, without an inner sheath so that all waste fluid and tissue debris present inside cavity are evacuated via the same single outflow port. No type of feedback mechanism, such as mechanical or electrical feedback mechanism, is incorporated in the endoscope to facilitate the removal of detached tissue pieces or waste fluid.

公开(公告)号：US20150374400A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-31

申请号：US14844640

申请日：2015-09-03

Applicant: Alka Kumar ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Alka Kumar ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: A61B17/32 ,  A61B1/12

CPC classification number: A61B17/32002 ,  A61B1/00071 ,  A61B1/012 ,  A61B1/126 ,  A61B17/320016 ,  A61B2017/320024 ,  A61B2090/3614 ,  A61B2217/005 ,  A61B2217/007 ,  A61M1/0058

Abstract: A user friendly, safe and efficient continuous flow irrigation endoscope having only a single housing sheath without an inner sheath. The exclusion of the inner sheath increases the effective lumen of the endoscope. A long hollow cylindrical tube, capable of performing a to and fro and rotary motion, is placed inside the housing sheath to function as an endoscopic instrument, but also to serve as a conduit for evacuating waste fluid and detached tissue pieces present inside a tissue cavity. A single inflow port located at the proximal end of the single housing sheath allows the irrigation fluid to enter the tissue cavity via the lumen of the said housing sheath. The invented endoscope system has a single inflow port, a single outflow port, without an inner sheath so that all waste fluid and tissue debris present inside cavity are evacuated via the same single outflow port. No type of feedback mechanism, such as mechanical or electrical feedback mechanism, is incorporated in the endoscope to facilitate the removal of detached tissue pieces or waste fluid.

Abstract translation: 用户友好，安全和有效的连续流动灌溉内窥镜，其仅具有没有内护套的单个外壳护套。 内护套的排除增加了内窥镜的有效内腔。 能够进行往复和旋转运动的长的中空圆柱形管被放置在壳体护套内部以用作内窥镜器械，而且还用作用于排出存在于组织腔内的废液和分离的组织片的导管 。 位于单个壳体护套的近端的单个流入口允许冲洗流体经由所述壳体护套的内腔进入组​​织腔。 本发明的内窥镜系统具有单个流入口，单个流出口，没有内护套，使得存在于腔内的所有废液和组织碎片经由相同的单个流出口排出。 没有类型的反馈机构，例如机械或电气反馈机构，被并入内窥镜中以便于去除分离的组织片或废液。

公开(公告)号：US08591464B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-26

申请号：US11211562

申请日：2005-08-26

Applicant: Atul Kumar ,  Alka Kumar

Inventor： Atul Kumar ,  Alka Kumar

IPC: A61M37/00 ,  A61M1/00 ,  A61M31/00 ,  A61M5/00

CPC classification number: A61B1/015 ,  A61M1/0058 ,  A61M1/0072 ,  A61M3/0258 ,  A61M2205/3337

Abstract: A system and a method for distending a body tissue cavity of a subject by continuous flow irrigation by using two positive displacement pumps, such as peristaltic pumps, one pump on the inflow side and another pump on the outflow side, such that the amplitude of the pressure pulsations created by the positive displacement pumps inside the tissue cavity is substantially dampened to almost negligible levels. The present invention also provides a method of reducing the frequency of the said pressure pulsations. The present invention also provides a method for accurately determining the rate of fluid loss, into the subject's body system, during any endoscopic procedure without utilizing any deficit weight or fluid volume calculation, the same being accomplished by using two fluid flow rate sensors.

Abstract translation: 通过使用两个容积式泵（如蠕动泵，流入侧的一个泵和流出侧的另一个泵），通过连续流动灌溉来膨胀受试者的身体组织腔的系统和方法，使得 由组织腔内的正位移泵产生的压力脉动基本上被抑制到几乎可忽略的水平。 本发明还提供一种降低所述压力脉动频率的方法。 本发明还提供了一种用于在任何内窥镜程序中精确地确定流体损失速率的方法，而不使用任何缺陷重量或流体体积计算，这通过使用两个流体流速传感器来实现。