摘要:
In order to provide high speed and low power consumption, a semiconductor integrated circuit is constructed to utilize both CMOS elements and bipolar transistors. The bipolar transistors are used in the output portions to take advantage of their speed of operation to allow rapid charging and discharging of output lines. In the meantime, the principal operating portions of the circuit use CMOS elements of low power consumption. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in memory circuits.
摘要:
A semiconductor device facilitates keeping all parasitic resistance values between contact portion of a common source (V.sub.cc) line and intrinsic collector operation regions of respective transistors small enough so as not to exceed predetermined values and so as to be nearly identical. The parasitic resistance values are made small and nearly identical by disposing collector electrode connecting layers between base impurity introducing layers of respective transistors provided with predetermined intervals in a semiconductor substrate. Because of this arrangement to minimize and equalize resistances, the voltage drops generated by the parasitic resistances applied to respective transistors are suppressed so as to be lower than or not substantially exceed the operation threshold voltages of the parasitic transistors.
摘要:
A memory device wherein a voltage dropped by a fixed voltage from a highest operating voltage is divided using a plurality of impedance elements, and common data lines are biased by the divided voltages. Owing to the application of the voltage dropped by the fixed voltage from the highest operating potential, even when resistance values of the impedance elements are reduced, a current to flow through the impedance element path does not increase considerably, and a low power consumption is attained. Owing to the reduced resistance values of the impedance elements, time constants which are determined by the resistances and stray capacitances parasitic to the common data lines are decreased. Thus, the potential changes of the common data lines to arise in correspondence with information stored in a memory cell are quickened, and a data sense time is curtailed, whereby an access time can be shortened.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device wherein the equivalent series resistances that are interposed in series in the pairs of complementary data lines D, D, are substantially the same as one another among the individual complementary data lines D, D. The equivalent series resistance is comprised of pull-up MISFET's and column switching MISFET's that exist between the power source V.sub.CC and the sense circuit. Parity is maintained for the pull-up MISFET's (Q.sub.p, Q.sub.P) and the column switching MISFET's (Q.sub.y, Q.sub.y) that exist on the pairs of complementary data lines D, D. To maintain this parity, the two MISFET's are formed to have the same shape. In addition, the arrangement of contacts to the transistors are set so that the directions in which the currents flow and lengths of current paths are also the same. In other words, contact portions between aluminum electrode and source and drain regions are formed at the same positions in the two MISFET's.
摘要:
A semiconductor device facilitates keeping all parasitic resistance values between contact portion of a common source (V.sub.cc) line and intrinsic collector operation regions of respective transistors small enough so as not to exceed predetermined values and so as to be nearly identical. The parasitic resistance values are made small and nearly identical by disposing collector electrode connecting layers between base impurity introducing layers of respective transistors provided with predetermined intervals in a semiconductor substrate. Because of this arrangement to minimize and equalize resistances, the voltage drops generated by the parasitic resistances applied to respective transistors are suppressed so as to be lower than or not substantially exceed the operation threshold voltages of the parasitic transistors.
摘要:
The survival of lactic acid bacterial strains such as probiotic bacteria contained in yogurt etc. is improved. A lactic acid bacterium survival improver including a propionic acid bacterium fermentation product to improve the survival of a lactic acid bacterium. The propionic acid bacterium is a bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium. The bacterium belonging to the genus Propionibacterium is Propionibacterium freudenreichii.
摘要:
Lactobacillus screening methods were carried out using surface plasmon resonance spectrums and human intestinal mucin and blood group antigens as probes. A trial to set selection criteria in the above-mentioned methods of screening for lactobacilli was made to adapt the methods to mass screening, and it was discovered that lactobacilli compatible with ABO blood groups can be screened by setting 100 RU as a criterion for judging bacterial binding under certain conditions. Using 238 lactobacillus strains, the above-mentioned screening methods and tests to judge their compatibility for the use of yogurt production were carried out, to at long last specifically discover bacillus strains compatible with blood groups A, B, and O.
摘要:
A water-soluble inorganic composition obtained by reacting an inorganic dissolution promoter with at least one solute selected from the group consisting of metal silicon, boric acid, and borax at a ratio of the inorganic dissolution promoter to the solute of 1:10 to 1:100 by weight, wherein the inorganic dissolution promoter is obtained by mixing in water (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal fluoride, an alkali metal phosphite, an alkali metal sulfite, an Alkali metal nitrite, sulfurous acid, nitrous acid, and phosphorous acid, alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal nitrate, alkali metal sulfate, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and (B) at least one alkali metal hydroxide at a ratio of (A):(B) of 1:9 to 4:1 by weight; a plasticized substance; and a foamed inorganic substance are provided. According to the present invention, a homogeneous and high concentration aqueous solution of a water-soluble inorganic composition is provided by homogeneously dissolving water-insoluble metal silicon or a scarcely water-soluble inorganic boron compound in water in an excess amount without causing these inorganic materials to remain at the bottom of the reactor, and a plasticized substance and foamed inorganic substance excelling in processability and handling properties and useful as a civil engineering and construction material are also provided.
摘要:
Disclosed is a semiconductor device, such as a semiconductor memory device, having structure wherein invasion of minority carriers from the semiconductor substrate into components of the device, formed on the substrate, can be avoided. The semiconductor memory device can be an SRAM or DRAM, for example, and includes a memory array and peripheral circuit on a substrate. In one aspect of the present invention, a buried layer of the same conductivity type as that of the substrate, but with a higher impurity concentration than that of the substrate, is provided beneath at least one of the peripheral circuit and memory array. A further region can extend from the buried layer, for example, to the surface of the semiconductor substrate, the buried layer and further region in combination acting as a shield to prevent minority carriers from penetrating to the device elements. As a second aspect of the present invention, first carrier absorbing areas (to absorb minority carriers) are located between the memory array and the switching circuit of the peripheral circuit, and second carrier absorbing areas are provided to surround input protective elements of the device. As a third embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of isolation regions of the same conductivity type are provided, with unequal voltages applied to these isolation regions, or unequal voltages applied to the substrate, on the one hand, and to these isolation regions, on the other.
摘要:
Disclosed is a semiconductor device, such as a semiconductor memory device, having structure wherein invasion of minority carriers from the semiconductor substrate into components of the device, formed on the substrate, can be avoided. The semiconductor memory device can be an SRAM or DRAM, for example, and includes a memory array and peripheral circuit on a substrate. In one aspect of the present invention, a buried layer of the same conductivity type as that of the substrate, but with a higher impurity concentration than that of the substrate, is provided beneath at least one of the peripheral circuit and memory array. A further region can extend from the buried layer, for example, to the surface of the semiconductor substrate, the buried layer and further region in combination acting as a shield to prevent minority carriers from penetrating to the device elements. As a second aspect of the present invention, first carrier absorbing areas (to absorb minority carriers) are located between the memory array and the switching circuit of the peripheral circuit, and second carrier absorbing areas are provided to surround input protective elements of the device. As a third embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of isolation regions of the same conductivity type are provided, with unequal voltages applied to these isolation regions, or unequal voltages applied to the substrate, on the one hand, and to these isolation regions, on the other.