Abstract:
A method is disclosed for the operation of a high-power electron beam for the vaporization of materials in a target. With this method, static and dynamic deflection errors are corrected. First, the static and dynamic deflection errors are ascertained by means of a teach-in process for concrete spatial coordinates and concrete frequencies of the deflection currents and stored in a memory. For the later operation, this stored data is used in such a way that input geometric data for the incidence points of the electron beam is automatically recalculated into corrected current values which bring about the exact incidence onto the input points. A corresponding procedure takes place with the input of frequencies for the deflection current. The input frequencies are automatically corrected in terms of frequency and amplitude in order to eliminate the frequency-dependent attenuation effects. Both in the correction of the static and in the correction of the dynamic deflection errors it is guaranteed by suitable interpolation methods that even the spatial coordinates and frequencies not considered in the teach-in process are taken into account. Finally, a method is specified with which it is possible by mere specification of a power distribution on a crucible surface to control the electron beam such that the specified data is satisfied.
Abstract:
An electron beam evaporator, which is formed of the component assemblies: beam generator, deflection system and water-cooled crucible/rotary crucible, is fastened on the cover plate of a flat hollow body. The hollow body is placed gas-tight on a bore in the tank and can be turned about the main axis of the bore. The interior of the hollow body is connected with atmosphere through the bore. All connecting lines for water, low-voltage current, high voltage and rotary drive are carried in the hollow body to the component assemblies which are mounted gas-tight.
Abstract:
A crucible is disclosed for use in coating a substrate with deposition materials by electron-beam evaporation. The crucible is configured to be inserted into an evaporator pot; it has a bottom and at least one sidewall extending upwardly from the bottom and terminating in a rim, such that the bottom and sidewall define a reservoir for containing the deposition material, and the rim defines a mouth out of which the deposition material may evaporate. A lip extends upwardly from a predetermined section of the rim which shields the spattering of deposition of material onto the evaporator pot during the evaporation process. A improved method is also disclosed for performing electron-beam evaporation with the present invention crucible.
Abstract:
A process and apparatus for producing a metal oxide layer which is selectively permeable to ions of a given class, comprises evacuating a vacuum chamber, evaporating metal particles in the chamber and imparting to the particles kinetic energy which is at 10 eV maximum, introducing oxygen into the chamber with a quantity of oxygen being controlled to deposit a metal oxide on a substrate in the chamber, while the substrate is maintained below 900.degree. C.
Abstract:
A gas jet film deposition system includes a source of thermionically emitted electrons which are accelerated through carrier gas and generate He ions by impact ionization. The resultant electron avalanching and multiplication generates an extremely dense plasma, and produces large electron currents. The electron current is collected at a free, high electric field end of a crucible. The present system can generate vaporized evaporant which is entrained in the gas jet and thereby provide a high density source of ions. The ions may be presented to a substrate together with or without the evaporant.
Abstract:
A magnetic deflection system for a high-power electron beam with an expanding cross-section area is used for melting or vaporizing metallic materials. Saddle coils are provided which open in a direction of expansion of the electron beam. With the aid of these saddle coils large deflection speeds of the electron beam are obtained with small imaging errors and large deflection angles.
Abstract:
A charged particle propagation apparatus has a generator including a vacuum chamber with a gun therein for discharging a charged particle beam through a beam exit. A higher pressure region adjoins the vacuum chamber at the beam exit and is maintainable at a pressure greater than a pressure of the vacuum chamber. A plasma interface located at the beam exit includes a plasma channel having at least three electrode plates disposed between its first end and its second end. A control system is adapted to apply a sequence of electrical currents to the electrode plates, which cause at least one plasma to move from the first end to the second end of the plasma channel, thereby pumping down the beam exit, and, in use, the charged particle beam is propagated from the vacuum chamber through the, or each, plasma into the higher pressure region.
Abstract:
An apparatus for suppression of arcs in an electron beam generator including: a first module providing an operating voltage; a second module including a coil suitable for a voltage of at least 10 kV, and at least one free-wheeling diode connected in parallel to the coil; a third module including a first circuit component configured to detect a first actual value for electric voltage, and a first signal is producible when the first actual value falls below a first threshold value, a second circuit component by which a second actual value for electric current is detectable, and a second signal is generated when the second actual value exceeds a second threshold value, a control logic, which optionally links the first and second signals and a resultant output signal is producible; a semiconductor-based switch suitable for the voltage of at least 10 kV, which is opened based on the output signal.
Abstract:
A de-coating method includes: exposing a coated body in which a coating made of an inorganic material is formed on a surface of the metal body to ion flows to peel off the coating from the metal body, wherein the coated body is placed at an ion flow-concentrated portion where two or more ion flows overlap each other, and is exposed to the ion flows without addition of a positive or negative bias to the coated body. As gases for use in generating ions from plasma, oxygen and CF4 that promote de-coating through a chemical reaction are preferably used in addition to Ar that performs de-coating under the physical action of ion collision and stabilizes plasma.
Abstract:
A de-coating method includes: exposing a coated body in which a coating made of an inorganic material is formed on a surface of the metal body to ion flows to peel off the coating from the metal body, wherein the coated body is placed at an ion flow-concentrated portion where two or more ion flows overlap each other, and is exposed to the ion flows without addition of a positive or negative bias to the coated body. As gases for use in generating ions from plasma, oxygen and CF4 that promote de-coating through a chemical reaction are preferably used in addition to Ar that performs de-coating under the physical action of ion collision and stabilizes plasma.