Abstract:
Dispersion-strengthened nickel and nichrome protected by an aluminum diffusion coating over a chromium diffusion coating, have their resistance to oxidation at extremely high temperatures increased by including cobalt with the chromium diffusion coating. Aluminum diffusion can be effected with an energizer kept out of contact with workpieces by being confined in porous containers.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to pyrophoric pellets that break apart into individual particulates or agglomerates when exposed to air and emit infrared radiation. The pyrophoric pellets include: (a) about 35 to about 95 wt. % of pyrophoric particles; (b) about 0.05 to about 30 wt. % of one or more thermally expandable particles; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one or more additives that modify IR signature; and (d) optionally, one or more additives that produce smoke at a temperature of 150° C. or greater. The pyrophoric pellets are particularly useful as countermeasures to protect against incoming missiles.
Abstract:
Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are provided for an autonomous and fully automated method of validating multi-signature decoys that are configured to release infrared flares at multiple points after launch. In one aspect, a method includes capturing, using at least one image capturing device, raw image data of a launched decoy, the decoy having one or more segments configured to be released after launch and automatically processing the raw image data to (1) identify a release point for each of the one or more segments and (2) identify an infrared signature associated with each release point. The method further includes generating a visual display of the release point(s) of the one or more segments and the infrared signature(s) originating from the release point(s).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for producing metal-supported thin layer skeletal catalyst structures, to methods for producing catalyst support structures without separately applying an intermediate washcoat layer, and to novel catalyst compositions produced by these methods. Catalyst precursors may be interdiffused with the underlying metal support then activated to create catalytically active skeletal alloy surfaces. The resulting metal-anchored skeletal layers provide increased conversion per geometric area compared to conversions from other types of supported alloy catalysts of similar bulk compositions, and provide resistance to activity loss when used under severe on-stream conditions. Particular compositions of the metal-supported skeletal catalyst alloy structures can be used for conventional steam methane reforming to produce syngas from natural gas and steam, for hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolysis bio-oils, and for other metal-catalyzed reactions inter alia.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to decoys for heat-seeking missiles and methods of producing and using the same. The decoys axe designed to be kinematic or pseudo-kinematic, producing one or more infra-red radiation emitting clouds that give the appearance of a moving infra-red target in the airspace in which the decoy has been released.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to decoys for heat-seeking missiles and methods of producing and using the same. The decoys are designed to be kinematic or pseudo-kinematic, producing one or more infra-red radiation emitting clouds that give the appearance of a moving infra-red target in the airspace in which the decoy has been released.
Abstract:
Very good masking of pack diffusion aluminizing or chromizing on any metal to keep portions from being diffusion coated, is effected by localized coating the lowest layer of which is depletion-reducing masking powder the metal portion of which can have same composition as substrates, mixed with inert refractory diluent and non-contaminating film-former such as acrylic resin. The upper coating layer can be of non-contaminating particles like nickel or Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 that upon aluminizing or chromizing become coherently held together to form a secure sheath. Such sheath can also be used for holding localized diffusion-coating layer in place. Film-former can be dissolved in volatile solvent, preferably methyl chloroform, in which masking powder or sheath-forming powder is suspended. Chromizing can be performed before aluminizing for greater effects. Aluminizing of metals like iron and nickel followed by leaching out much of the diffused-in aluminum, gives these substrates a pyrophoric and catalytic surface. Foil, wire or powder can be thus activated, and very fine activated powder when discharged into the air forms warm cloud that settles very slowly and decoys heat-seeking missiles.
Abstract:
Heating or heat generation in general can be from activated aluminides of molybdenum, zirconium or other similar ignitible metals. Activation is by leaching out some of the aluminum and leaves a product which is highly pyrotechnic but not pyrophoric. Activation of such alloy renders activated surface porous so it car receive impregnants such as lubricants to thus act as a bearing. Pyrotechnic webs for use as decoys against heat-seeking missiles can be folded so that portions interfere with the free radiation of other portions, to thus extend the time the webs remain at high temperature. The folding also improves the trajectory through which the webs fall when discharged into the air. The web can be coated with a thin layer of powdered silica, alumina or zirconia to increase the proportion of its radiation in the 8 to 14 micron range.
Abstract:
Workpieces are very rapidly pack diffusion coated by using an excess of energizers in the pack, heating the retort containing the packed workpieces at a rate that brings the workpieces to diffusion-coating temperature and then completing the diffusion coating, all in less than 50 minutes, then cooling the retort. Workpiece can have top coating layer of aluminum flake covered by a layer of extremely fine alumina or silica in a magnesium chromate binder, to provide surface having roughness at least about 10 micro-inches smoother than before the top coating. More active diffusion coated products are also produced.
Abstract:
Low alloy steel tubing is decarburized, chromized and then aluminized with or without masking at the sites at which the tubing is to be welded in place, to greatly increase resistance of the tubing to high temperature oxidation and sulfidation. Low surface aluminum content after aluminizing makes it easier to weld at that surface.