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    Measurement of ignition characteristics of distillate fuels
    41.
    发明授权
    Measurement of ignition characteristics of distillate fuels 失效
    馏出燃料的点燃特性的测量

    公开(公告)号：US4549815A

    公开(公告)日：1985-10-29

    申请号：US554014

    申请日：1983-11-21

    申请人： Chaya Venkat ,  Dennis E. Walsh

    发明人： Chaya Venkat ,  Dennis E. Walsh

    IPC分类号： G01N25/52 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01N25/54

    CPC分类号： G01N25/52 ,  G01N33/2829

    摘要： Ignition delay of distillate fuels is measured by heating a block to an elevated temperature and injecting samples into a cavity in the block as it cools. The time between each injection and ignition of the fuel is measured. This measurement of ignition delay is used to determine the cetane number of the distillate fuel.

    摘要翻译： 通过将块加热到升高的温度并将样品注入块中的空腔中来测量馏出燃料的点火延迟。 测量燃料的每次注入和点火之间的时间。 这种点火延迟的测量用于确定馏出燃料的十六烷值。

    Production of high viscosity index lubricants
    50.
    发明授权
    Production of high viscosity index lubricants 失效
    生产高粘度指数润滑剂

    公开(公告)号：US5358628A

    公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

    申请号：US898615

    申请日：1992-06-15

    申请人： Minas R. Apelian ,  Charles L. Baker, Jr. ,  Thomas F. Degnan ,  David O. Marler ,  Dominick N. Mazzone ,  Dennis E. Walsh

    发明人： Minas R. Apelian ,  Charles L. Baker, Jr. ,  Thomas F. Degnan ,  David O. Marler ,  Dominick N. Mazzone ,  Dennis E. Walsh

    IPC分类号： B01J29/18 ,  B01J29/70 ,  B01J29/74 ,  C10G45/64 ,  C10G49/12 ,  C10G65/12 ,  C10G69/02

    CPC分类号： B01J29/7415 ,  B01J29/18 ,  B01J29/7007 ,  C10G65/12 ,  B01J2229/36 ,  B01J2229/37 ,  C10G2400/10

    摘要： Petroleum wax feeds are converted to high Viscosity Index lubricants by a two-step hydrocracking-hydroisomerization process in which the wax feed is initially subjected to hydrocracking under mild conditions with a conversion to non-lube range products of no more than about 30 weight percent of the feed. The hydrocracking is carried out at a hydrogen pressure of at least 1000 psig using an amorphous catalyst which preferentially removes the aromatic components present in the initial feed. The hydrocracked effluent is then subjected to hydroisomerization in a second step using a low acidity dicarboxylic acid-treated zeolite Beta or mordenite catalyst which effects a preferential isomerization on the paraffin components to less waxy, high V.I. isoparaffins. The second stage may be operated at high pressure by cascading the first stage product into the second stage or at a lower pressure, typically from 200 to 1000 psig. The second stage catalyst is preferably a noble metal containing zeolite Beta catalyst which is treated with oxalic acid to give a low Alpha Value, typically below 10. The second stage is carried out at relatively low temperature, typically from 600.degree. to 650.degree. F. with a 650.degree. F.+ conversion in the range of 10 to 20 weight percent of the second stage feed but with high selectivity for isomerization of the paraffins. A final dewaxing step to target pour point may be used with relatively low loss, typically no more than 15 weight percent, during this dewaxing. The final products typically have V.I. values in excess of 130 and usually in the range of 140 to 155 and are characterized by exceptional stability.

    摘要翻译： 石油蜡进料通过两步加氢裂化加氢异构化方法转化为高粘度指数润滑剂，其中蜡进料最初在温和条件下进行加氢裂化，转化为非润滑范围产物的不超过约30重量％ 饲料。 加氢裂化在至少1000psig的氢气压力下进行，使用优选除去初始进料中存在的芳族组分的无定形催化剂。 然后使用低酸度二羧酸处理的沸石β-或丝光沸石催化剂，将加氢裂化的流出物在第二步骤中进行加氢异构化，其对石蜡组分进行优先异构化，以降低蜡，高V.I。 异链烷烃 第二阶段可以通过将第一阶段产品级联到第二阶段或通常为200至1000psig的较低压力下在高压下操作。 第二阶段催化剂优选是含贵金属的沸石β催化剂，其用草酸处理以得到低α值，通常低于10。第二阶段在相对较低的温度下进行，通常为600至650°F。 +转化率在第二阶段进料的10至20重量％的范围内，但对于链烷烃的异构化具有高选择性。 在该脱蜡过程中，目标倾点的最终脱蜡步骤可以使用相当低的损失，通常不超过15重量％。 最终产品通常有V.I. 值超过130，通常在140至155的范围内，并且具有出色的稳定性。