Abstract:
The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.
Abstract:
A method producing a surfactant from glycerol by converting glycerol, in a first step, to glycidol, polymerizing glycidol to an aliphatic alcohol and finally substituting a hydroxyl group with a substitute anion.
Abstract:
p-Nitrophenolic compounds, e.g., p-nitrophenol itself, are selectively prepared by (a) reacting a phenolic compound with a nitrosating agent in the presence of sulfuric acid, the concentration of which H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 being at least 60%, (b) oxidizing the p-nitrosophenolic compound thus formed with nitric acid, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the medium of reaction, upon completion of oxidation, being no greater than 80%, and (c) separating the p-nitrophenolic compound which thus precipitates.
Abstract translation:通过(a)在硫酸存在下使酚类化合物与亚硝化剂反应,其中H 2 SO 4的浓度为至少60%,(b)将硝基酚类化合物氧化为 由硝酸形成的对亚硝基苯酚化合物,氧化后的反应介质中的硫酸浓度不大于80%,(c)分离因此析出的对硝基酚化合物。
Abstract:
A novel method of preparing 2-phenyl substituted-1, 3-propanediols, useful intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceutical preparations is disclosed.
Abstract:
2,4-Dichloro-3-alkyl-6-nitrophenol, which is a precursor of 2,4-dichloro-3-alkyl-6-aminophenol useful for the production of a cyan coupler to be used with a sensitive material in the field of a photography in color, is industrially advantageously produced by (a) nitration of 2,4,5-trichloro-3-alkylbenzene, followed by hydrolysis of the resulting 2,4,5-trichloro-3-alkyl-6-nitrobenzene, or (b) hydrolysis of 2,4,5-trichloro-3-alkylbenzene-6-sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, followed by nitration of the resulting 2,4-dichloro-3-alkylphenol-6-sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, the starting material usable for these processes being 4-alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof, which is easily available.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for preparing fluoroaromatic compounds (such as fluoronitrobenzene compounds) by reaction of corresponding chloroaromatic compounds (such as chloronitrobenzene compounds) with alkali metal fluoride salts in the presence of alkyldiorganoaminopyridinium salts as phase transfer catalysts. A secondary carbon atom is directly attached to the alkyl carbon atom which is directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom. A preferred catalyst is N-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-(N',N'- dimethylamino)pyridinium chloride.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for producing pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) by reacting hexachlorobenzene (HEX) with sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium carbonate (Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3), or mixtures thereof to produce the sodium salt of pentachlorothiophenol (PCTP), followed by reacting it (or PCTP itself after acidifying) with nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid or oleum.
Abstract translation:公开了在氢氧化钠(NaOH),碳酸钠(Na 2 CO 3)或其混合物存在下使六氯苯(HEX)与氢硫化钠(NaSH)反应生产五氯硝基苯(PCNB)的方法,以生产五氯苯硫酚钠盐 ),然后使其(或酸化后的PCTP本身)与硝酸在硫酸或发烟硫酸的存在下反应。
Abstract:
Pentanitrotoluene is prepared by a method which comprises preparing an amdinitrotoluene from a precursor of either TNT or 2,5-dinitro-3-methylbenzoic acid, nitrating the aminodinitrotoluene to produce a nitramine intermediate, converting the nitramine intermediate to an aminotetranitrotoluene and oxidizing the aminotetranitrotoluene with peroxydisulfuric acid to pentanitrotoluene. Pentanitrotoluene is an explosive.
Abstract:
An improved process for forming nitromethane by contacting liquid methyl halide with an alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrite in the presence of an excess of the liquid methyl halide.
Abstract:
Hexanitrobenzene is prepared by oxidizing the amine group of pentanitroaniline with H.sub.2 O.sub.2 in H.sub.2 SO.sub.4. The compound is a high density explosive.
Abstract translation:通过在H 2 SO 4中用H 2 O 2氧化戊基苯胺的胺基来制备六硝基苯。 该化合物是高密度炸药。