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    Integrated sensor with frame memory and programmable resolution for light adaptive imaging
    51.
    发明授权
    Integrated sensor with frame memory and programmable resolution for light adaptive imaging 有权
    具有帧存储器的集成传感器和可自适应成像的可编程分辨率

    公开(公告)号：US06787749B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-07

    申请号：US09512145

    申请日：2000-02-23

    申请人： Zhimin Zhou ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    发明人： Zhimin Zhou ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    IPC分类号： H01L2700

    CPC分类号： G11C27/04 ,  H04N5/347 ,  H04N5/3658

    摘要： An image sensor operable to vary the output spatial resolution according to a received light level while maintaining a desired signal-to-noise ratio. Signals from neighboring pixels in a pixel patch with an adjustable size are added to increase both the image brightness and signal-to-noise ratio. One embodiment comprises a sensor array for receiving input signals, a frame memory array for temporarily storing a full frame, and an array of self-calibration column integrators for uniform column-parallel signal summation. The column integrators are capable of substantially canceling fixed pattern noise.

    摘要翻译： 一种图像传感器，其可操作以根据接收的光电平改变输出空间分辨率，同时保持期望的信噪比。 添加具有可调整尺寸的像素补丁中的相邻像素的信号以增加图像亮度和信噪比。 一个实施例包括用于接收输入信号的传感器阵列，用于临时存储全帧的帧存储器阵列，以及用于统一的列并行信号求和的自校准列积分器的阵列。 列积分器能够基本上消除固定模式噪声。

    Increasing pixel conversion gain in CMOS image sensors
    52.
    发明授权
    Increasing pixel conversion gain in CMOS image sensors 有权
    增加CMOS图像传感器中的像素转换增益

    公开(公告)号：US06445022B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

    申请号：US09553980

    申请日：2000-04-20

    申请人： Sandor L. Barna ,  Eric R. Fossum

    发明人： Sandor L. Barna ,  Eric R. Fossum

    IPC分类号： H01L31119

    CPC分类号： H01L27/14643 ,  H01L27/14609 ,  H04N5/3559 ,  H04N5/3745

    摘要： A pixel sensor system that includes a photo-sensor, an output amplifier, and a feedback capacitor. The photo-sensor is configured to receive photons and to convert the photons into charge. The output amplifier has at least two transistors in a cascoded configuration. The amplifier converts the charge into electronic signal. The feedback capacitor is disposed between the photo-sensor and an input of the output amplifier.

    摘要翻译： 一种像素传感器系统，包括光电传感器，输出放大器和反馈电容器。 光电传感器被配置为接收光子并将光子转换成电荷。 输出放大器具有至少两个级联配置的晶体管。 放大器将电荷转换为电子信号。 反馈电容器设置在光电传感器和输出放大器的输入之间。

    Active pixel sensor with fully-depleted buried photoreceptor
    53.
    发明授权
    Active pixel sensor with fully-depleted buried photoreceptor 有权
    有源像素传感器具有完全耗尽的掩埋感光体

    公开(公告)号：US06388243B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

    申请号：US09516433

    申请日：2000-03-01

    申请人： Vladimir Berezin ,  Eric R. Fossum

    发明人： Vladimir Berezin ,  Eric R. Fossum

    IPC分类号： H01L3106

    CPC分类号： H01L27/14689 ,  H01L27/14609

    摘要： A fully depleted photodiode accumulates charge into both the diode and a separate floating diffusion. The floating diffusion has less capacitance that the overall diode, thereby resulting in a knee-shaped transfer characteristic for charge accumulation. The fully depleted photodiode also include two PN junctions, one near the surface and the other buried below the surface.

    摘要翻译： 完全耗尽的光电二极管将电荷累积到二极管和单独的浮动扩散中。 浮动扩散具有较小的整体二极管的电容，从而导致电荷积累的膝盖形传递特性。 完全耗尽的光电二极管还包括两个PN结，一个在表面附近，另一个埋在表面下。

    Photodiode light sensor
    54.
    发明授权
    Photodiode light sensor 有权
    光电二极管光传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06359274B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-03-19

    申请号：US09307191

    申请日：1999-05-07

    申请人： Robert H. Nixon ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Jon H. Bechtel

    发明人： Robert H. Nixon ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Jon H. Bechtel

    IPC分类号： H01J4014

    CPC分类号： G01J1/4228 ,  B60R1/088 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/46 ,  H01L31/101 ,  H01L33/54 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48247 ,  H01L2924/00014

    摘要： Light sensors having a wide dynamic range are used in a variety of applications. A wide dynamic range light sensor includes an exposed photodiode light transducer accumulating charge in proportion to light incident over an integration period. Sensor logic determines a light integration period prior to the beginning of integration and the charge is reset. Charge accumulated by the exposed light transducer over the light integration period is measured and a pulse having a width based on the accumulated charge is determined.

    摘要翻译： 具有宽动态范围的光传感器用于各种应用中。 宽动态范围光传感器包括暴露的光电二极管光转换器，其在与积分周期内入射的光成比例地积累电荷。 传感器逻辑确定积分开始之前的光积分周期，并重新设定电荷。 测量曝光光传感器在光积分周期内累积的电荷，并确定具有基于累积电荷的宽度的脉冲。

    Integrated sensor with frame memory and programmable resolution for light adaptive imaging
    57.
    发明授权
    Integrated sensor with frame memory and programmable resolution for light adaptive imaging 失效
    具有帧存储器和可编程分辨率的集成传感器，用于光自适应成像

    公开(公告)号：US5909026A

    公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

    申请号：US867835

    申请日：1997-06-03

    申请人： Zhimin Zhou ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    发明人： Zhimin Zhou ,  Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    IPC分类号： G11C27/04 ,  H04N5/347 ,  H04N5/365 ,  H04N5/369 ,  H04N5/374 ,  H01J40/14

    CPC分类号： H04N5/347 ,  G11C27/04 ,  H04N5/3743

    摘要： An image sensor operable to vary the output spatial resolution according to a received light level while maintaining a desired signal-to-noise ratio. Signals from neighboring pixels in a pixel patch with an adjustable size are added to increase both the image brightness and signal-to-noise ratio. One embodiment comprises a sensor array for receiving input signals, a frame memory array for temporarily storing a full frame, and an array of self-calibration column integrators for uniform column-parallel signal summation. The column integrators are capable of substantially canceling fixed pattern noise.

    摘要翻译： 一种图像传感器，其可操作以根据接收的光电平改变输出空间分辨率，同时保持期望的信噪比。 添加具有可调整尺寸的像素补丁中的相邻像素的信号以增加图像亮度和信噪比。 一个实施例包括用于接收输入信号的传感器阵列，用于临时存储全帧的帧存储器阵列，以及用于统一的列并行信号求和的自校准列积分器的阵列。 列积分器能够基本上消除固定模式噪声。

    Capacitively coupled successive approximation ultra low power analog-to-digital converter
    58.
    发明授权
    Capacitively coupled successive approximation ultra low power analog-to-digital converter 失效
    电容耦合逐次逼近超低功耗模数转换器

    公开(公告)号：US5880691A

    公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

    申请号：US744957

    申请日：1996-11-07

    申请人： Eric R. Fossum ,  Zhimin Zhou ,  Bedabrata Pain

    发明人： Eric R. Fossum ,  Zhimin Zhou ,  Bedabrata Pain

    IPC分类号： H03M1/06 ,  H03M1/46 ,  H03M1/80 ,  H03M1/38

    CPC分类号： H03M1/0682 ,  H03M1/466 ,  H03M1/804

    摘要： A capacitively-coupled successive approximation analog-to-digital converter utilizes a capacitively coupled multiplying digital to analog converter to generate a succession of voltages which are compared to the input voltage to be digitized. The capacitively coupled multiplying digital to analog converter generates the required succession of analog voltage levels utilizing very low power in response to digital signals. A double-sided version of the invention processes differential inputs with improved common-non-ideality mode rejection.

    摘要翻译： 电容耦合逐次逼近模数转换器利用电容耦合的乘法数模转换器来产生与待数字化的输入电压相比较的一系列电压。 电容耦合乘法数模转换器利用响应于数字信号的非常低的功率产生所需的连续的模拟电压电平。 本发明的双面版本处理具有改进的共非理想模式拒绝的差分输入。

    Solid-state image sensor with focal-plane digital photon-counting pixel array
    60.
    发明授权
    Solid-state image sensor with focal-plane digital photon-counting pixel array 失效
    具有焦平面数字光子计数像素阵列的固态图像传感器

    公开(公告)号：US5665959A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

    申请号：US673014

    申请日：1996-07-01

    申请人： Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    发明人： Eric R. Fossum ,  Bedabrata Pain

    IPC分类号： H01L27/146 ,  H01J40/14

    CPC分类号： H01L27/14658 ,  H01L27/14609 ,  H01L27/14634

    摘要： A solid-state focal-plane imaging system comprises an N.times.N array of high gain, low-noise unit cells, each unit cell being connected to a different one of photovoltaic detector diodes, one for each unit cell, interspersed in the array for ultralow level image detection and a plurality of digital counters coupled to the outputs of the unit cell by a multiplexer (either a separate counter for each unit cell or a row of N of counters time shared with N rows of digital counters). Each unit cell includes two self-biasing cascode amplifiers in cascade for a high charge-to-voltage conversion gain (>1 mV/e.sup.-) and an electronic switch to reset input capacitance to a reference potential in order to be able to discriminate detection of an incident photon by the photoelectron (e.sup.-) generated in the detector diode at the input of the first cascode amplifier in order to count incident photons individually in a digital counter connected to the output of the second cascode amplifier. Reseting the input capacitance and initiating self-biasing of the amplifiers occurs every clock cycle of an integratng period to enable ultralow light level image detection by the array of photovoltaic detector diodes under such ultralow light level conditions that the photon flux will statistically provide only a single photon at a time incident on any one detector diode during any clock cycle.

    摘要翻译： 固态焦平面成像系统包括高增益低噪声单元的NxN阵列，每个单元电池连接到不同的一个光伏检测器二极管，每个单元电池一个，散布在阵列中用于超低电平 图像检测和多个数字计数器，其通过多路复用器（每个单位单元的单独计数器或与N行数字计数器共享的计数器时间的N行）耦合到单元单元的输出。 每个单元单元包括两个级联级联的自偏压共源共栅放大器，用于高电荷到电压转换增益（> 1 mV / e-）和电子开关，以将输入电容复位为参考电位，以便能够区分检测 通过在第一共源共栅放大器的输入端处的检测器二极管中产生的光电子（e-）来入射光子，以便在与第二共源共栅放大器的输出连接的数字计数器中单独计数入射光子。 放大输入电容和启动放大器的自偏置在整个周期的每个时钟周期发生，以便在这样的超低光级条件下通过光电探测器二极管阵列实现超低光级图像检测，光子通量将统计上仅提供一个 光子在任何时钟周期内一次入射到任何一个检测器二极管上。