摘要:
A control device for an internal combustion engine which, at cold starting, enables an ignition timing retard control for warm-up of a catalyst device and a speed feedback control by means of ignition timing for converging an engine speed to a target speed includes a function for comparing a final ignition timing with a retard lower limit value, and a function for changing the target speed based upon the result of the comparing. When the final ignition timing reaches the retard lower limit value, the target speed is increased by a predetermined speed and when a difference between the final ignition timing and the retard lower limit value exceeds a predetermined angle on an advance side, the target speed is decreased by a predetermined speed. In this way, at cold starting, the engine speed is early converged to the target speed while restricting rotational variations and early warm-up of a catalyst device can be certainly realized.
摘要:
The present invention provides a multi-layered object having a hard coat layer capable of improving anti-staining property, anti-staining durability, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance and the like. A multi-layered object comprising a hard coat layer and a light transmitting layer, wherein the hard coat layer is formed from a composition for hard coat comprising: an active energy ray-curable silicone-acrylic copolymer (A); and an active energy ray-curable polyfunctional compound (B), and wherein the active energy ray-curable silicone-acrylic copolymer (A) contains: a polysiloxane block (a-1), an acrylic block (a-2) containing an active energy ray-curable double bond group and a fluoroalkyl group-containing acrylic block (a-3).
摘要:
It is an object to provide an L-ascorbic acid derivative which can keep the L-ascorbic acid stable to heat and light and thus has a long shelf life, which is high in permeability into the skin, which can be quickly hydrolyzed by phosphatase, an enzyme that is ubiquitous in vivo, and which exhibits physiological activities that are inherent to L-ascorbic acid and beneficial to health, a method for producing such an L-ascorbic acid derivative, and a skin-whitening cosmetic material.There is provided an ascorbic acid derivative comprising an L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate ester or a salt thereof wherein the phosphate ester has a branched alkyl group, the L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate ester being of formula [13]. The ascorbic acid derivative is produced by a method comprising reacting a branched alkanol with phosphorus oxychloride to synthesize monoalkyldichlorophosphate or dialkylmonochlorophosphate, reacting the thus obtained substance with 5,6-O-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid obtained by reacting L-ascorbic acid with acetone, and subjecting the thus obtained substance to acid hydrolysis. There is also provided a cosmetic material containing such an ascorbic acid derivative by 0.05 to 80 percent by weight. (wherein each of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen (H) atom or an alkyl group having branches and including 3 to 30 carbon atoms, but not both of R1 and R2 are hydrogen (H) atoms)
摘要:
An operating condition value is acquired at the time of internal combustion engine startup. If the acquired condition value is one of a plurality of reference condition values for which optimum values are defined, the optimum value for the reference condition value is set as a fuel injection amount. If, on the other hand, the acquired condition value is other than the reference condition values, an interpolated value, which is interpolation-calculated by using the relationship between the reference condition values and optimum values, is set as a fuel injection amount. The angular acceleration for fuel injection according to the interpolated value, which is a physical quantity related to the operating performance of an internal combustion engine, is then determined to correct the interpolated value in accordance with the difference between the actual angular acceleration and target angular acceleration.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus, an image input/output apparatus, a scaling method and a memory control method, by which input image data is written to an external memory in tiles, the tiles written to the external memory are read, and the read-out tiles are scaled.
摘要:
A fuel injection amount control apparatus of an internal combustion engine is arranged to start injection of a fuel into an intake passage of the engine when a certain engine start condition is satisfied, and stop the injection of the fuel when a certain engine stop condition is satisfied. The control apparatus estimates an amount of fuel deposited on an intake passage forming member that defines the intake passage, and determines a fuel injection amount based on the estimated fuel deposition amount. The control apparatus also executes a particular process for making an actual fuel deposition amount on the intake passage forming member substantially equal to zero, after the engine stop condition is satisfied and before the injection of the fuel is started under a condition that the engine start condition is satisfied.
摘要:
A data storage device includes a main memory into/from which data can be written or read out and an input/output device for receiving the data to be written into the main memory or generating the data read out from the main memory. An addressing device outputs first address data which represent an access address of the input/output device to the main memory on a basis of a unit composed of a predetermined number of data. A convertor converts the first address data into second address data representing an address in the main memory on a basis of single data and an address controller controls the access address of the input/output device to the main memory in accordance with the second address data.
摘要:
In a computer system having at least a main storage unit and a memory control unit, a storage control system accesses two memory areas provided in the main storage unit, each of the two memory areas storing the same information. A double-writing device is provided in the memory control unit for writing the same information to each of the two memory areas by determining the state of a double-writing bit (D-bit) contained in an address order from a processor or the state of a storage configuration bit (F/S-bit) sent from the processor.
摘要:
To reduce power consumption, a data transmission apparatus comprises: a memory; a timing instruction unit which indicates a start timing of outputting data from the memory; a first interface which outputs data stored in the memory according to the timing instruction unit; a second interface which transfers the data from the first interface to a buffer; and a control unit which issues a command to perform transition of the first interface and the second interface to a power saving state based on the data output start timing indicated by the timing instruction unit, and a sum of a time required to perform transition of the first interface and the second interface to the power saving state and a time required to return from the power saving state.
摘要:
The present disclosure generally relates to improvements in validating control specifications and more particularly pertains to a system and method to hierarchically validate graphically based executable logic control specifications. This method may include identifying, by a processor for hierarchically validating a graphically based logic control specification, a functional hierarchy of a first application of the control specification comprising a first feature. The method may include executing, by the processor, a specific first feature test case on the first feature to at least one of validate a structure of the first feature and validate that a specific functional requirement of the first feature is met.