公开(公告)号：US07924413B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-12

申请号：US12074133

申请日：2008-02-29

申请人： R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Philip J. Kuekes ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Duncan Stewart ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Jason Blackstock ,  Zhiyong Li

发明人： R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Philip J. Kuekes ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Duncan Stewart ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Jason Blackstock ,  Zhiyong Li

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： H01L33/18 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L29/0673 ,  H01L29/068 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/08 ,  H01S5/341 ,  H01S5/4031

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention are related to nanowire-based devices that can be configured and operated as modulators, chemical sensors, and light-detection devices. In one aspect, a nanowire-based device includes a reflective member, a resonant cavity surrounded by at least a portion of the reflective member, and at least one nanowire disposed within the resonant cavity. The nanowire includes at least one active segment selectively disposed along the length of the nanowire to substantially coincide with at least one antinode of light resonating within the cavity. The active segment can be configured to interact with the light resonating within the cavity.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及可以配置和操作为调制器，化学传感器和光检测装置的基于纳米线的器件。 在一个方面，基于纳米线的器件包括反射部件，由反射部件的至少一部分包围的谐振腔以及设置在谐振腔内的至少一个纳米线。 纳米线包括至少一个有源区段，沿着纳米线的长度选择性地设置，以与腔内谐振的至少一个光波导基本重合。 活动段可以被配置为与腔内共振的光相互作用。

公开(公告)号：US07847236B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-07

申请号：US11831275

申请日：2007-07-31

申请人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

发明人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

IPC分类号： G01D5/36

CPC分类号： H01S5/50 ,  G02B5/008 ,  H01S3/1608 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/1046

摘要： A Fresnel antenna includes a plurality of Fresnel elements spaced to selectively attenuate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths, and to concentrate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths other than the attenuated wavelengths.

摘要翻译： 菲涅耳天线包括多个菲涅尔元件，间隔开以选择性地衰减具有预定波长，选定波长或波长范围的电磁波，并且将具有预定波长，选定波长或不同于衰减波长的波长范围的电磁波集中 。

公开(公告)号：US20100277789A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-04

申请号：US12387169

申请日：2009-04-29

申请人： Wei Wu ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Jingjing Li ,  Qiangfei Xia

发明人： Wei Wu ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Jingjing Li ,  Qiangfei Xia

IPC分类号： G02F1/01 ,  H01B13/00 ,  C23C14/34 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： G02F1/01 ,  G02F3/02 ,  G02F2202/30 ,  Y10S977/762 ,  Y10S977/932 ,  Y10S977/949 ,  Y10S977/95

摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to external, electronically controllable, negative index material-based modulators. In one aspect, an external modulator comprises a negative index material in electronic communication with an electronic signal source. The negative index material receives an electronic signal encoding data from the electronic signal source and an unmodulated carrier wave from an electromagnetic radiation source. Magnitude variations in the electronic signal produce corresponding effective refractive index changes in the negative index material encoding the data in the amplitude and/or phase of the carrier wave to produce an electromagnetic signal.

摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施方案涉及外部的，电子可控的，负指数材料的调节剂。 一方面，外部调制器包括与电子信号源电子通信的负索引材料。 负索引材料接收来自电子信号源的电子信号编码数据和来自电磁辐射源的未调制载波。 电子信号的幅度变化在编码载波的幅度和/或相位中的数据的负指数材料中产生对应的有效折射率变化，以产生电磁信号。

公开(公告)号：US07720326B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US11699291

申请日：2007-01-29

申请人： Wei Wu ,  Scott Corzine ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

发明人： Wei Wu ,  Scott Corzine ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  H01L31/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B2006/12138 ,  G02B2006/12142 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/105 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanowire-based photodetectors that can be used to convert information encoded in a channel of electromagnetic radiation into a photocurrent encoding the same information. In one embodiment of the present invention, a photodetector comprises a waveguide configured to transmit one or more channels of electromagnetic radiation. The photodetector includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal are positioned on opposite sides of the waveguide. The photodetector also includes a number of nanowires. Each nanowire interconnects the first terminal to the second terminal and a portion of each nanowire is embedded in the waveguide.

摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施例涉及可用于将在电磁辐射通道中编码的信息转换成编码相同信息的光电流的基于纳米线的光电检测器。 在本发明的一个实施例中，光电检测器包括被配置为传输一个或多个电磁辐射通道的波导。 光电检测器包括第一端子和第二端子。 第一端子和第二端子位于波导的相对侧上。 光电检测器还包括许多纳米线。 每个纳米线将第一端子与第二端子互连，并且每个纳米线的一部分嵌入在波导中。

公开(公告)号：US07692840B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-06

申请号：US12156876

申请日：2008-06-04

申请人： Philip J Kuekes ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Raymond G Beausoleil ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Wei Wu ,  M. Saif Islam

发明人： Philip J Kuekes ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Raymond G Beausoleil ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Wei Wu ,  M. Saif Islam

IPC分类号： G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/29 ,  C03C15/00

CPC分类号： H01Q15/0086 ,  G02F1/0126 ,  G02F1/29 ,  H01Q3/44 ,  Y10T29/4902 ,  Y10T29/49798

摘要： An apparatus for controlling propagation of incident electromagnetic radiation is described, comprising a composite material having electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident electromagnetic radiation. At least one of a capacitive and inductive property of at least one of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable to allow temporal control of an associated effective refractive index encountered by the incident electromagnetic radiation while propagating through the composite material.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于控制入射电磁辐射传播的装置，其包括具有相对于入射电磁辐射的波长的小尺寸的电磁反应池的复合材料。 电磁反应池中的至少一个的电容和电感特性中的至少一个在时间上是可控制的，以允许在传播通过复合材料时临时控制由入射电磁辐射遇到的相关联的有效折射率。

公开(公告)号：US20100079754A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-01

申请号：US12286490

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Huei Pei Kuo ,  Jing Tang ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Wei Wu ,  Michael Renne Ty Tan ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

发明人： Huei Pei Kuo ,  Jing Tang ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Wei Wu ,  Michael Renne Ty Tan ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

IPC分类号： G01J3/44

CPC分类号： G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01N2021/651

摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention relate generally to systems for performing Raman spectroscopy. In one embodiment, a system for performing Raman spectroscopy comprises an analyte holder having a surface configured to retain an analyte and a light concentrator configured to receive an incident beam of light, split the incident beam into one or more beams, and direct the one or more beams to substantially intersect at the surface. The system may also include a collector configured to focus each of the one or more beams onto the surface, collect the Raman scattered light emitted from the analyte, and direct the Raman scattered light away from the surface.

摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施方案一般涉及用于进行拉曼光谱的系统。 在一个实施例中，用于执行拉曼光谱的系统包括分析物保持器，其具有被配置为保持分析物的表面和被配置为接收入射光束的光聚集器，将入射光束分成一个或多个光束， 更多的光束在表面上基本相交。 该系统还可以包括集电器，其被配置为将一个或多个光束中的每一个聚焦到表面上，收集从分析物发射的拉曼散射光，并将拉曼散射光引导离开表面。

公开(公告)号：US20080285917A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-20

申请号：US11701014

申请日：2007-05-15

申请人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

发明人： Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Shih-Yuan Wang

IPC分类号： G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/107 ,  G02B6/262 ,  G02B6/3536

摘要： Apparatuses and methods for modulating electromagnetic radiation are disclosed. A plasmon waveguide including an array of metallic nanoparticles disposed on a dielectric substrate is provided. The plasmon waveguide is disposed on a MEMS structure. An electromagnetic radiation signal is applied to a tapered fiber disposed proximate the MEMS structure. The intensity of the electromagnetic radiation signal passing through the tapered fiber is modified by displacing a deformable member of the MEMS structure to modify a distance between the plasmon waveguide and the tapered fiber such that an evanescent field of the tapered fiber causes a plasmon resonance in the plasmon waveguide.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于调制电磁辐射的装置和方法。 提供了包括设置在电介质基板上的金属纳米颗粒阵列的等离子体波导。 等离子体波导设置在MEMS结构上。 将电磁辐射信号施加到靠近MEMS结构设置的锥形光纤。 通过移动MEMS结构的可变形构件来改变通过锥形光纤的电磁辐射信号的强度，以修改等离子体波导与锥形光纤之间的距离，使得锥形光纤的渐逝场引起等离子体共振 等离子体波导。

公开(公告)号：US20080239462A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-02

申请号：US12156876

申请日：2008-06-04

申请人： Philip J. Kuekes ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Raymond G. Beausoleil ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Wei Wu ,  M. Saif Islam

发明人： Philip J. Kuekes ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Raymond G. Beausoleil ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Wei Wu ,  M. Saif Islam

IPC分类号： G02F1/29

CPC分类号： H01Q15/0086 ,  G02F1/0126 ,  G02F1/29 ,  H01Q3/44 ,  Y10T29/4902 ,  Y10T29/49798

摘要： An apparatus for controlling propagation of incident electromagnetic radiation is described, comprising a composite material having electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident electromagnetic radiation. At least one of a capacitive and inductive property of at least one of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable to allow temporal control of an associated effective refractive index encountered by the incident electromagnetic radiation while propagating through the composite material.

公开(公告)号：US20080218740A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-11

申请号：US12074133

申请日：2008-02-29

申请人： R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Philip J. Kuekes ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Duncan Stewart ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Jason Blackstock ,  Zhiyong Li

发明人： R. Stanley Williams ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Philip J. Kuekes ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Duncan Stewart ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski ,  Jason Blackstock ,  Zhiyong Li

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： H01L33/18 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01L29/0665 ,  H01L29/0673 ,  H01L29/068 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/08 ,  H01S5/341 ,  H01S5/4031

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention are related to nanowire-based devices that can be configured and operated as modulators, chemical sensors, and light-detection devices. In one aspect, a nanowire-based device includes a reflective member, a resonant cavity surrounded by at least a portion of the reflective member, and at least one nanowire disposed within the resonant cavity. The nanowire includes at least one active segment selectively disposed along the length of the nanowire to substantially coincide with at least one antinode of light resonating within the cavity. The active segment can be configured to interact with the light resonating within the cavity.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及可以配置和操作为调制器，化学传感器和光检测装置的基于纳米线的器件。 在一个方面，基于纳米线的器件包括反射部件，由反射部件的至少一部分包围的谐振腔以及设置在谐振腔内的至少一个纳米线。 纳米线包括至少一个有源区段，沿着纳米线的长度选择性地设置，以与腔内谐振的至少一个光波导基本重合。 活动段可以被配置为与腔内共振的光相互作用。

公开(公告)号：US20080108000A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-08

申请号：US11584320

申请日：2006-10-20

申请人： Wei Wu ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski

发明人： Wei Wu ,  Shih-Yuan Wang ,  Alexandre M. Bratkovski

IPC分类号： G03C5/26

CPC分类号： G02B1/00 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B1/007 ,  G02F2202/30 ,  H01Q15/0086

摘要： Materials and methods for fabricating and using negative index materials are disclosed. A negative index material comprises a three-dimensional volume including a bulk solution and a plurality of unit cells disposed in the bulk solution in a substantially random pattern. Each unit cell comprises a periodic hole array pattern on a substrate or a resonator formed on a first surface of a substrate, and a thin wire pattern formed on a second surface of the substrate. The combination of the unit cells in the bulk solution produces a negative effective permeability and a negative effective permittivity over a frequency band of interest for the three-dimensional volume. The negative index material may be used to focus radiation by directing an incident radiation at the negative index material and generating a focused radiation by a negative refraction of the incident radiation in the negative index material.

摘要翻译： 公开了制造和使用负指数材料的材料和方法。 负指数材料包括三维体积，其包括本体溶液和以大致随机图案设置在本体溶液中的多个单元电池。 每个单元电池包括在衬底上形成的周期性孔阵列图案或形成在衬底的第一表面上的谐振器，以及形成在衬底的第二表面上的细线图案。 本体溶液中的单元电池的组合在三维体积的感兴趣频带上产生负的有效磁导率和负的有效介电常数。 负折射率材料可以用于通过在负指数材料处引入入射辐射来聚焦辐射，并通过负指数材料中的入射辐射的负折射产生聚焦辐射。