摘要:
An improved compound semiconductor device, such as a distributed Bragg reflection type or distributed feedback type laser device, having regions with and regions without a diffraction grating. The device is fabricated without exhibiting surface irregularities by growing a first epitaxial layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a fine uneven structure on the surface of the first epitaxial layer and growing a second epitaxial layer on the fine uneven structure. The fine uneven structure has a surface shape which exposes crystal orientations that facilitate subsequent epitaxial growth. In one embodiment, portions of the fine uneven structure are formed as a diffraction grating while other portions are formed insufficiently uneven to have a diffraction effect for any usable light wavelength. The fine uneven structure may suitably be shallow, have a short pitch or be provided at a slant to the light propagation direction, in order to preclude a diffraction effect.
摘要:
A composite material comprising a rubber composition and a metal material, wherein the rubber composition contains, per 100 parts by weight of rubber, a cobalt salt of an organic acid in an amount up to 0.5 parts by weight, 3 to 6 parts by weight of sulfur, and N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide or N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide as a vulcanization accelerator, and the metal material is provided with a plating of a ternary alloy consisting of copper, zinc, and nickel.
摘要:
An optical device for performing a light power transfer between two waveguides that includes a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a transfer rate control element for controlling a light power transfer rate between the first and second waveguides and an electric element for electrically controlling the transfer rate control element by imparting electric energy to the transfer rate control element. The transfer rate control element sets the light power transfer rate to zero when the transfer rate control element is in an inoperative state. The transfer rate control element falls into the inoperative state when the electric element imparts no electric energy to the transfer rate control element.
摘要:
A composite material comprising a rubber composition and a metal material, wherein the rubber composition contains, per 100 parts by weight of rubber, 0 part by weight of a metal salt of an organic acid, 3 to 6 parts by weight of sulfur, and N-oxy-diethylene-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide or N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide as a vulcanization accelerator, and the metal material is provided with a plating of a ternary alloy consisting of copper, zinc, and nickel.
摘要:
A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.
摘要:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes an active layer between a first reflector and a second reflector and at least either the first reflector or the second reflector includes a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The two-dimensional photonic crystal has a structure 106 showing an ununiform effective refractive index distribution in the plane of the reflector to realize both a high reflectivity and transverse mode control at the same time.
摘要:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser device includes a first reflective mirror layer, a second reflective mirror layer, and an active layer disposed therebetween, wherein at least one of the first reflective mirror layer and the second reflective mirror layer includes a periodic-refractive-index structure in which the refractive index periodically changes in the in-plane direction and a part of the periodic-refractive-index structure includes a plurality of parts that disorder the periodicity.
摘要:
A red surface emitting laser element includes a first reflector, a second reflector including a p-type semiconductor multilayer film, an active layer between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a p-type semiconductor spacer layer between the active layer and the second reflector, the p-type semiconductor spacer layer having a thickness of 100 nm or more and 350 nm or less.
摘要:
An optical information recording medium includes a substrate having a pregroove thereon, an optical recording layer containing a light-absorbing substance composed of a dye absorbing a laser beam, and a light-reflective layer reflecting the laser beam. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the optical recording layer (i.e., the dye) in the pregroove to the cross-sectional area of the pregroove in the direction of the diameter of the optical information recording medium is about 30% to about 63%. In the optical information recording medium, the phenomenon by which the recording power of the laser beam heats the dye in the optical recording layer and the heat is diffused through the optical recording layer and the light-reflective layer is considered.
摘要:
To provide a rubber composition for breaker having balanced properties among rigidity, heat resistance, adhesiveness, humid aging adhesion and elongation, and a pneumatic tire having a breaker layer or a belt layer comprising the rubber composition. A rubber composition for breaker comprises 55 to 65 parts by weight of carbon black, 5 to 15 parts by weight of silica, 3.5 to 4.5 parts by weight of sulfur, at least 0.08 part by weight of cobalt, a resorcinol resin and a methylene donor based on 100 parts by weight of a rubber component containing a natural rubber and/or an isoprene rubber as a main component.