摘要:
A gallium nitride-based epitaxial wafer for a nitride light-emitting device comprises a gallium nitride substrate having a primary surface, a gallium nitride-based semiconductor film provided on the primary surface, and, an active layer provided on the semiconductor film, the active layer having a quantum well structure. A normal line of the primary surface and a C-axis of the gallium nitride substrate form an off angle with each other. The off angle monotonically increases on the line that extends from one point to another point through a center point of the primary surface. The one point and the other point are on an edge of the primary surface, and indium contents of the well layer defined at n points on the line monotonically decrease in a direction from the one point to the other point. The thickness values of the well layer defined at the n points monotonically increase in the direction.
摘要:
A method of fabricating a single crystal gallium nitride substrate the step of cutting an ingot of single crystal gallium nitride along predetermined planes to make one or more single crystal gallium nitride substrates. The ingot of single crystal gallium nitride is grown by vapor phase epitaxy in a direction of a predetermined axis. Each predetermined plane is inclined to the predetermined axis. Each substrate has a mirror polished primary surface. The primary surface has a first area and a second area. The first area is between an edge of the substrate and a line 3 millimeter away from the edge. The first area surrounds the second area. An axis perpendicular to the primary surface forms an off-angle with c-axis of the substrate. The off-angle takes a minimum value at a first position in the first area of the primary surface.
摘要:
To provide a fuel pump mounting structural body that allows a mounting space for a fuel tank and the number of manufacturing processes to be reduced. A fuel pump mounting structural body accommodates a fuel pump unit in an opening portion disposed in a fuel tank. The structural body includes a step portion disposed in the opening portion. The step portion is formed one step lower than a wall surface of the fuel tank. A lid portion of the fuel pump unit is fittingly attached to the step portion and includes a delivery port for fuel. A guide member is disposed on a peripheral edge of the opening portion. The guide member includes a removably mounted holding member. The fuel pump unit is held in position by the fuel pump mounting structural body.
摘要:
Affords MOCVD reactors with which, while deposited films are uniformized in thickness, film deposition efficiency can be improved. An MOCVD reactor (1) is furnished with a susceptor (5) and a duct (11). The susceptor (5) has a carrying surface for heating and carrying substrates (20). The duct (11) is for conducting reaction gas (G) to the substrates (20). The susceptor (5) is rotatable with the carrying surface fronting on the duct (11) interior. The duct (11) has channels (11b) and (11c), which merge on the duct end upstream of Point A4. The height of the duct (11) running along the reaction gas (G) flow direction monotonically diminishes heading toward the duct downstream end from Point P1 to Point P2, stays constant from Point P2 to Point P3, and monotonically diminishes heading downstream from Point P3. Point P1 lies upstream of Point A4, while Point P3 lies on the susceptor (5).
摘要:
A fuel supply control system for an internal combustion engine having at least one fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into an intake pipe or a combustion chamber of the engine. A flow rate of air supplied to the engine and an air-fuel ratio are detected. A demand fuel injection amount is set according to an operating condition of the engine. An injection amount command value of fuel injected by at least one fuel injection valve according to the demand fuel injection amount. An amount of fuel burned in the engine is calculated according to the detected intake air flow rate and air-fuel ratio. At least two correlation parameters, which indicate a relationship between the estimated burned fuel amount and the injection amount command value, are identified. The injection amount command value is then corrected according to the at least two identified correlation parameters.
摘要:
The invention provides a novel dual-membered suctional gasket which has a reliable function to fit and fix the gasket to an object to be sealed, and also provides an effective suction effect and air venting function. For that purpose, the gasket which has a function to prevent fluid from leaking when compressed, comprises an inner sealing member 1 and outer sealing member 2 arranged on a surface perpendicular to a compressing direction; and a plurality of connecting members 3 for connecting and fixing the inner sealing member 1 and the outer sealing member 2 together. Suction cup structures are formed, when a proper amount of air closed between the inner sealing member and the outer sealing member is vented from the inner sealing member, the outer sealing member or the both sealing members by compressing the dual-membered gasket.
摘要:
A control system for an internal combustion engine having at least one fuel injection valve for injecting fuel to an intake pipe or a combustion chamber of the engine. Intake gas state parameters indicative of a state of the intake gases supplied to the engine are detected. Demand values of the intake gas state parameters are calculated according to operating condition parameters indicative of an operating condition of the engine. The intake gas state is controlled so that the intake gas state parameters coincide with the demand values. A control value is then calculated according to the operating condition parameters and deviations of the intake gas state parameters from the demand values. Accordingly, an amount of fuel injected by the at least one fuel injection valve is controlled according to the control value.
摘要:
An engine system includes a compressor system which is at least partially driven by an electric motor, and a turbine system. The system includes a detector for detecting an actual supercharging pressure. A target supercharging pressure is determined based on operational conditions of the engine. A first control demand value is calculated to drive the motor controller, such that the actual supercharging pressure approaches the target supercharging pressure. A target value of the first control demand value is determined based on the operational conditions of the engine. A second control demand value, a difference between the target value and the first control command value is applied to the turbine system to adjust the rotation of the turbine such that the first control demand value converges to the target value.
摘要:
A spin valve magnetoresistance sensor of a thin film magnetic head. In one embodiment, a spin valve magnetoresistance sensor is provided with a spin valve film, in which a base layer including a first base film of Ta or some other nonmagnetic metal and, on top of this, a second base film of an alloy represented by NiFeX (where X is at least one element selected from among Cr, Nb, Rh) is formed on a substrate, and on top of this are formed by layering a free magnetic layer and pinned magnetic layer arranged to enclose a nonmagnetic conductive layer, as well as an antiferromagnetic layer, the second base film has an fcc (face-centered cubic) structure and also has a (111) orientation.
摘要:
Oxygen can be doped into a gallium nitride crystal by preparing a non-C-plane gallium nitride seed crystal, supplying material gases including gallium, nitrogen and oxygen to the non-C-plane gallium nitride seed crystal, growing a non-C-plane gallium nitride crystal on the non-C-plane gallium nitride seed crystal and allowing oxygen to infiltrating via a non-C-plane surface to the growing gallium nitride crystal. Otherwise, oxygen can be doped into a gallium nitride crystal by preparing a C-plane gallium nitride seed crystal or a three-rotationally symmetric plane foreign material seed crystal, supplying material gases including gallium, nitrogen and oxygen to the C-plane gallium nitride seed crystal or the three-rotationally symmetric foreign seed crystal, growing a faceted C-plane gallium nitride crystal having facets of non-C-planes on the seed crystal, maintaining the facets on the C-plane gallium nitride crystal and allowing oxygen to infiltrating via the non-C-plane facets to the gallium nitride crystal.