Abstract:
A phase-locked loop circuit for synchronizing an edge of an output signal with an edge of an input signal. The circuit detects an edge of an input clock signal, and a corresponding edge on an output signal. If the output signal edge is out of phase with the input clock edge, the circuit shifts the output signal by 180 degrees to effectively produce a single double-length clock phase. The synchronized phase-locked loop circuit provides predictable phase-locked loop output phase synchronization with an input clock.
Abstract:
A dynamic power controller is provided that identifies a clock frequency requirement of a processor and determines a voltage requirement to support the clock frequency requirement. The dynamic power controller transitions the processor to a power state defined by the clock frequency requirement and the voltage requirement. In particular, a voltage level indicated by the voltage requirement is supplied to the processor and the frequency distribution indicated by the frequency requirement is provided to the clocks signals of the processor.
Abstract:
A phase locked loop (PLL) comprising an input, an output, a charge generator, a low pass filter 3, an oscillator 4 and a frequency divider 5. The frequency divider 5 has an input coupled to the output of the PLL and an output coupled to an input of the charge generator. The frequency at the output of the frequency divider 5 is equal to the frequency at the input of the frequency divider divided by a selectable divider ratio N. The PLL has a damping factor z and a bandwidth to compare frequency ratio ω3/ωref. The low pass filter 3 has a first capacitor for integrating the charge produced by the charge generator. The capacitance of that first capacitor is arranged to be proportional to the divider ratio N so that the damping factor z and the bandwidth to compare frequency ratio ω3/ωref are substantially independent of the divider ratio N.
Abstract:
A phase-locked loop (PLL) has an analog divider in the feedback path that receives either the in-phase or quadrature-phase pair of outputs from a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) while the other pair, 90-degree out-of-phase, of outputs from the VCO is used for the PLL output. Phases between the PLL's input and output are inherently aligned. The analog output of the analog divider is converted to a digital clock signal and applied to a cascade of digital dividers to generate a reduced feedback clock. The reduced feedback clock is applied to the D input and the digital clock signal is applied to the clock input of a pseudo D-flip-flop that drives the feedback input of a phase-frequency detector that drives the charge pump to the VCO input. Another cascade of digital dividers and pseudo D-flip-flop re-align the reference clock input to the phase-frequency detector. Analog and digital re-alignment circuits reduce internal skew.
Abstract:
An information recording and reproducing apparatus performs information recording and reproducing on an optical disc having a recording track wobbled by a predetermined frequency, such as a DVD-RW. The information recording and reproducing apparatus includes an optical pickup which irradiates a laser light on the optical disc and receives the laser light reflected by the optical disc to output an electric signal corresponding to the laser light, a push-pull signal generating unit which includes a sample-hold unit and generates the sample-hold push-pull signal and the non-sample-hold push-pull signal from the electric signal, a sample-hold circuit which samples and holds the push-pull signal, a recording clock generating unit which generates a recording clock synchronized with the wobble signal based on the sample-hold push-pull signal during recording and based on the non-sample-hold push-pull signal during reproduction, and a phase adjusting unit which adjusts the phases of the non-sample-hold push-pull signal and the sample-hold push-pull signal. Since the phase delay given to the push-pull signal is corrected by the sample-hold process, the phase difference of the recording clock during recording and reproducing is removed, and it is always possible to perform information recording with high accuracy based on the stable recording clock.
Abstract:
A low noise divider module includes a divider chain and a retiming module. The divider chain includes a plurality of cascaded dividers and a plurality of load logic gates. The plurality of cascaded dividers are operably coupled to divide an input oscillation by a divider value, which is programmable, to produce a divided output oscillation based on the load signals provided by the logic gates. The retiming module includes a duty cycle module and a jitter reduction module. The duty cycle module is coupled to produce a duty cycle controlled output oscillation based on a representation of the divided output oscillation produced by the divider chain in accordance with a duty cycle setting signal. The jitter reduction module is operably coupled to produce a low jitter output oscillation from the duty cycle controlled output oscillation based on the input oscillation and the duty cycle setting signal.
Abstract:
A phase-locked loop circuit for synchronizing an edge of an output signal with an edge of an input signal. The circuit detects an edge of an input clock signal, and a corresponding edge on an output signal. If the output signal edge is out of phase with the input clock edge, the circuit shifts the output signal by 180 degrees to effectively produce a single double-length clock phase. The synchronized phase-locked loop circuit provides predictable phase-locked loop output phase synchronization with an input clock.
Abstract:
A communication apparatus includes a phase-locked loop circuit which receives a first signal having a frequency and converts it into an output signal having a transmission frequency and includes a current output type phase comparator which converts a phase difference between the first signal and a second signal into a current signal, a low pass filter which filters the current signal of the current output type phase comparator to produce an output signal a voltage controlled oscillator which produces an output signal having a transmission frequency corresponding to the output signal of the low pass filter the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator constituting the output signal of the phase-locked loop circuit, a frequency converter which frequency-converts the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator to produce the second signal, and a current source which supplies a current to an input of the low pass filter.
Abstract:
An electronic system (10) includes a phase-locked loop (30) and a frequency synthesis circuit (20), for generating a jitter-free output clock (CLK1, CLK2) at a desired frequency. The phase-locked loop (30) includes a voltage-controlled oscillator (37) that produces a number (N) of equally spaced clock phases at a frequency (fVCO) that depends also upon a programmable feedback frequency divider (38) and a prescale divider (32). The frequency synthesis circuit (20) generates the output clock (CLK1, CLK2) at a frequency under the control of a frequency select word (FREQ) that indicates the number of clock phases between successive clock edges. A central processing unit (12), either itself or from a look-up table (13), generates a feedback divide integer (M) and the frequency select word (FREQ) according to a desired frequency (null), by way of a minimization of the frequency error. The frequency of the output clock (CLK1, CLK2) can be generated in a jitter-free manner, since only integer values are used in the frequency synthesis circuit (20), at relatively low frequency error.
Abstract:
A phase locked loop (PLL) comprising an input, an output, a charge generator, a low pass filter 3, an oscillator 4 and a frequency divider 5. The frequency divider 5 has an input coupled to the output of the PLL and an output coupled to an input of the charge generator. The frequency at the output of the frequency divider 5 is equal to the frequency at the input of the frequency divider divided by a selectable divider ratio N. The PLL has a damping factor z and a bandwidth to compare frequency ratio null3/nullref. The low pass filter 3 has a first capacitor for integrating the charge produced by the charge generator. The capacitance of that first capacitor is arranged to be proportional to the divider ratio N so that the damping factor z and the bandwidth to compare frequency ratio null3/nullref are substantially independent of the divider ratio N.