摘要:
A DC-DC converter has high-side power and low-side power transistors connected in series between supply terminals, an inductor connected between the power transistors and an output terminal. A comparator compares the output voltage with a reference voltage. A detector detects when inductor current approaches zero. A timer is configured to determine a minimum ON time of the high-side power transistor optimized for a particular value inductor. A current detector detects current flow in the back-gate diode of the low-side power transistor. timer is configured to determine an overriding ON time in response to the back-gate current detector. Logic provides control signals to gate power transistors in response to the comparator and the longer one of the minimum ON time and the overriding ON time. The minimum ON time for the high-side power transistor is adjusted in response to the actual inductance of the inductor.
摘要:
An integrated circuit device (10) with a bonding surface (12) directly over its active circuitry, and a method of making such integrated circuits (FIGS. 2A-2E). To make the bonding surface (12), a wafer (20) is provided with vias (24) to its metallization layer (21) and then coated with a seed metal layer (25). A plating pattern (26) is formed on the wafer (20), exposing portions of the seed metal layer (25) and blocking the rest of the seed metal layer (25). These exposed portions are plated with successive metal layers (27, 28, 29), thereby forming a bonding surface (12) having a number of layered stacks (200) that fill the vias (24). The plating pattern and the nonplated portions of the seed metal layer (25) are then removed.
摘要:
An integrated circuit device (10) with a bonding surface (12) directly over its active circuitry, and a method of making such integrated circuits (FIGS. 2A 2E). To make the bonding surface (12), a wafer (20) is provided with vias (24) to its metallization layer (21) and then coated with a seed metal layer (25). A plating pattern (26) is formed on the wafer (20), exposing portions of the seed metal layer (25) and blocking the rest of the seed metal layer (25). These exposed portions are plated with successive metal layers (27, 28, 29), thereby forming a bonding surface (12) having a number of layered stacks (200) that fill the vias (24). The plating pattern and the nonplated portions of the seed metal layer (25) are then removed.
摘要:
A circuit arrangement 10 for driving an MOS field-effect transistor QO allocated to the supply circuit KO of an electrical load R.sub.L contains a charging circuit K1 and a discharging circuit K2, which can be alternatively connected to the MOS field-effect transistor QO. A sensing circuit K3 supplies the measuring signal S.sub.M typical of gate-source voltage U.sub.GS of the MOS field-effect transistor QO, via which the internal resistance of the charging or discharging circuit K1, K2 and/or a current I.sub.a impressed upon these circuits K1, K2, in the sense of a positive feedback, is controlled, in such a way that the resulting time constant, according to which the input capacitance of the MOS field-effect, transistor QO is charged or discharged, becomes smaller during the transition of the MOS field-effect transistor QO from the off state to the conductive state and larger during the transition from the conductive to the off-state.
摘要:
A low power DC-DC converter includes a converter stage coupled to an input node, and having a low side switch and a rectifier switch. A peak current detector senses a current at the low side switch and a zero current detector senses a current at the rectifier switch. It is configured to set the low side switch to a non-conductive state and the rectifier switch to a conductive state if the peak current detector detects a predetermined peak current. It is configured to set the rectifier switch to a non-conductive state if the zero current detector detects zero current at the rectifier switch. A time interval between subsequent current peaks is triggered by a charge comparator receiving an average current fed to the low side and rectifier switches from the input node and a reference current coupled to the charge comparator by a reference current source.
摘要:
A low power DC-DC converter includes a converter stage coupled to an input node, and having a low side switch and a rectifier switch. A peak current detector senses a current at the low side switch and a zero current detector senses a current at the rectifier switch. It is configured to set the low side switch to a non-conductive state and the rectifier switch to a conductive state if the peak current detector detects a predetermined peak current. It is configured to set the rectifier switch to a non-conductive state if the zero current detector detects zero current at the rectifier switch. A time interval between subsequent current peaks is triggered by a charge comparator receiving an average current fed to the low side and rectifier switches from the input node and a reference current coupled to the charge comparator by a reference current source.
摘要:
A serial interface circuit for a single logic input pin of an electronic system, comprising a decoder for converting a pulse width modulated input signal applied to the pin to a sequence of logic low and logic high values. The decoder comprises an up/down counter with a count input connected to a clock source, an edge detection circuit detecting rising and falling edges of the input signal. The edge detection circuit is connected to the up/down counter to start up counting from a reset value upon detection of an edge in a first direction and to start down counting from a current count upon detection of an edge in a second direction. The decoder further comprises a bit value deciding circuit that delivers a first logic value when the count of the up/down counter is above the reset value on detection of an edge in the second direction and delivers a second logic value when the count of the up/down counter is at or below the reset value on detection of an edge in the second direction.
摘要:
A DC-DC converter has high-side power and low-side power transistors connected in series between supply terminals, an inductor connected between the power transistors and an output terminal. A comparator compares the output voltage with a reference voltage. A detector detects when inductor current approaches zero. A timer is configured to determine a minimum ON time of the high-side power transistor optimized for a particular value inductor. A current detector detects current flow in the back-gate diode of the low-side power transistor. timer is configured to determine an overriding ON time in response to the back-gate current detector. Logic provides control signals to gate power transistors in response to the comparator and the longer one of the minimum ON time and the overriding ON time. The minimum ON time for the high-side power transistor is adjusted in response to the actual inductance of the inductor.
摘要:
A rectifier circuit for use in an energy harvesting application in which mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by using an AC generator using an active rectifier bridge with a pair of input terminals adapted to be connected to an output of the AC generator and a pair of output terminals, an inductor connected across the output terminals of the active rectifier bridge and a storage capacitor. A pair of output switches selectively connects the storage capacitor across the inductor. A controller controls the active rectifier bridge and the pair of output switches such that in successive switching cycles within any half wave of AC input voltage from the output of the AC generator the inductor is first loaded by current from the output of the AC generator and then discharged into the storage capacitor. An energy harvesting system which uses an AC generator for generating electrical energy out of mechanical energy, a rectifier circuit which is connected with the input to the output of the AC generator and a low power wireless system as application unit. A method of rectifying an AC output voltage of an AC generator for use in an energy harvesting application.
摘要:
A serial interface circuit for a single logic input pin of an electronic system, comprising a decoder for converting a pulse width modulated input signal applied to the pin to a sequence of logic low and logic high values. The decoder comprises an up/down counter with a count input connected to a clock source, an edge detection circuit detecting rising and falling edges of the input signal. The edge detection circuit is connected to the up/down counter to start up counting from a reset value upon detection of an edge in a first direction and to start down counting from a current count upon detection of an edge in a second direction. The decoder further comprises a bit value deciding circuit that delivers a first logic value when the count of the up/down counter is above the reset value on detection of an edge in the second direction and delivers a second logic value when the count of the up/down counter is at or below the reset value on detection of an edge in the second direction.