摘要:
A target assembly including a plurality of target tiles bonded to a backing plate by adhesive, for example of indium or conductive polymer, filled into recesses in the backing plate formed beneath each of the target tiles. A sole peripheral recess formed as a rectangular close band may be formed inside the tile periphery. Additional recesses may be formed inside the peripheral recess, preferably symmetrically arranged about perpendicular bisectors of rectangular tiles. The depth and width of the recesses may be varied to control the amount of stress and the stress direction.
摘要:
A target assembly composed of multiple target tiles bonded in an array to a backing plate of another material. The edges of the tile within the interior of the array are formed with complementary beveled edges to form slanted gaps between the tiles. The gaps may slant at an angle of between 10° and 55°, preferably 15° and 45°, with respect to the target normal. The facing sides of tiles may be roughened by bead blasting, for both perpendicular and sloping gaps. The area of the backing plate underlying the gap may be roughened or may coated or overlain with a region of the material of the target, for both perpendicular and sloping gaps.
摘要:
A target assembly composed of multiple target tiles bonded in an array to a backing plate of another material. The edges of the tile within the interior of the array are formed with complementary structure edges to form a gap between the tiles having at least a portion that is inclined to the target normal. The gap may be simply beveled and slant at an angle of between 10° and 55°, preferably 15° and 50°, with respect to the target normal or they may be convolute with one portion horizontal or otherwise inclined to prevent a line of sight from the bottom to top. The area of the backing plate underlying the gap may be coated or overlain with a foil of the material of the target, for both perpendicular and sloping gaps, and have a polymeric foil adjacent an elastomeric bonding layer to exclude bonding material from the gap.
摘要:
Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a process of depositing a transparent conductive oxide layer over a substrate. The transparent oxide layer is sometimes deposited onto a substrate for later use in a solar cell device. The transparent conductive oxide layer may be deposited by a “cold” sputtering process. In other words, during the sputtering process, a plasma is ignited in the processing chamber which naturally heats the substrate. No additional heat is provided to the substrate during deposition such as from the susceptor. After the transparent conductive oxide layer is deposited, the substrate may be annealed and etched, in either order, to texture the transparent conductive oxide layer. In order to tailor the shape of the texturing, different wet etch chemistries may be utilized. The different etch chemistries may be used to shape the surface of the transparent conductive oxide and the etch rate.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for improving efficiency of photovoltaic cells by improving light capture between the photoelectric unit and back reflector is provided. A transition layer is formed at the interface between the photoelectric unit and transmitting conducting layer of the back reflector by adding oxygen, nitrogen, or both to the surface of the photoelectric unit or the interface between the photoelectric unit and the transmitting conducting layer. The transition layer may comprise silicon, oxygen, or nitrogen, and may be silicon oxide, silicon nitride, metal oxide with excess oxygen, metal oxide with nitrogen, or any combination thereof, including bilayers and multi-layers. The sputtering process for forming the transmitting conducting layer may feature at least one of nitrogen and excess oxygen, and may be performed by sputtering at low power, followed by an operation to form the rest of the transmitting conductive layer.
摘要:
A metal silicide layer is formed on silicon-containing features of a substrate in a chamber. A metal film is sputter deposited on the substrate and a portion of the sputter deposited metal film is silicided. In the process, sputtering gas is energized by applying an electrical bias potential across the metal sputtering target and the substrate support to sputter deposit metal from a target onto the substrate. At least a portion of the deposited sputtered metal is silicided by heating the substrate to a silicidation temperature exceeding about 200° C. to form a combined sputtered metal and metal silicide layer on the substrate. The remaining sputtered metal can be silicided by maintaining the substrate at the silicidation temperature to form the metal silicide layer.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for forming solar cells is provided. In one embodiment, a photovoltaic device includes a antireflection coating layer disposed on a first surface of a substrate, a barrier layer disposed on a second surface of the substrate, a first transparent conductive oxide layer disposed on the barrier layer, a conductive contact layer disposed on the first transparent conductive oxide layer, a first p-i-n junction formed on the conductive contact layer, and a second transparent conductive oxide layer formed on the first p-i-n junction.
摘要:
A remote plasma process for removing unwanted deposition build-up from one or more interior surfaces of a substrate processing chamber after processing a substrate disposed in the substrate processing chamber. In one embodiment, the substrate is transferred out of the substrate processing chamber and a flow of a fluorine-containing etchant gas is introduced into a remote plasma source where reactive species are formed. A continuous flow of the reactive species from the remote plasmas source to the substrate processing chamber is generated while a cycle of high and low pressure clean steps is repeated. During the high pressure clean step, reactive species are flown into the substrate processing chamber while pressure within the substrate processing chamber is maintained between 4-15 Torr. During the low pressure clean step, reactive species are flown into the substrate processing chamber while reducing the pressure of the substrate processing chamber by at least 50 percent of a high pressure reached in the high pressure clean step.
摘要:
Photovoltaic cells and methods for making photovoltaic cells are described. The methods include disposing an intermediate layer within the back contact at a thickness that does not negatively impact reflection or transmission of light through the solar cell. The intermediate layer prevents peeling of metal from the back contact during laser scribing.
摘要:
Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a process of depositing a transparent conductive oxide layer over a substrate. The transparent oxide layer is sometimes deposited onto a substrate for later use in a solar cell device. The transparent conductive oxide layer may be deposited by a “cold” sputtering process. In other words, during the sputtering process, a plasma is ignited in the processing chamber which naturally heats the substrate. No additional heat is provided to the substrate during deposition such as from the susceptor. After the transparent conductive oxide layer is deposited, the substrate may be annealed and etched, in either order, to texture the transparent conductive oxide layer. In order to tailor the shape of the texturing, different wet etch chemistries may be utilized. The different etch chemistries may be used to shape the surface of the transparent conductive oxide and the etch rate.