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公开(公告)号：US20190023910A1
公开(公告)日：2019-01-24
申请号：US16144537
申请日：2018-09-27
IPC分类号： C09D5/16 , C09D167/04 , C09D175/04 , C09D127/12 , C09D7/63 , C09D7/65
摘要： Some variations provide an anti-fouling segmented copolymer composition comprising: (a) one or more first soft segments selected from fluoropolymers; (b) one or more second soft segments selected from polyesters or polyethers; (c) one or more isocyanate species possessing an isocyanate functionality of 2 or greater, or a reacted form thereof; (d) one or more polyol or polyamine chain extenders or crosslinkers, or a reacted form thereof; and (e) a fluid additive selectively disposed in the first soft segments or in the second soft segments. Other variations provide an anti-fouling segmented copolymer precursor composition comprising a fluid additive precursor selectively disposed in the first soft segments or in the second soft segments, wherein the fluid additive precursor includes a protecting group. The anti-fouling segmented copolymer composition may be present in an anti-ice coating, an anti-bug coating, an anti-friction coating, an energy-transfer material, or an energy-storage material, for example.
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公开(公告)号：US20190023830A1
公开(公告)日：2019-01-24
申请号：US16144123
申请日：2018-09-27
IPC分类号： C08G18/12 , C08G18/48 , C08G18/50 , C08G18/75 , C08G81/02 , C09D175/08 , C09D127/14 , C09D127/16
摘要： This invention provides durable, low-ice-adhesion coatings with excellent ice-adhesion reduction. Some variations provide a low-ice-adhesion composition comprising a composite material containing at least a first-material phase and a second-material phase that are nanophase-separated on a length scale from 10 nanometers to less than 100 nanometers, wherein the first-material phase and the second-material phase further are microphase-separated on a length scale from 0.1 microns to 100 microns. The larger length scale of separation is driven by an emulsion process, which provides microphase separation that is in addition to classic molecular-level phase separation. The composite material has a glass-transition temperature above −80° C. The coatings may be characterized by an AMIL Centrifuge Ice Adhesion Reduction Factor up to 100 or more. These coatings are useful for aerospace surfaces and many other applications.
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公开(公告)号：US20170267871A1
公开(公告)日：2017-09-21
申请号：US15608975
申请日：2017-05-30
IPC分类号： C09D5/16 , C09D175/08 , B05D5/08 , B05D1/02 , B05D3/00 , C09D127/12 , C09D7/12
CPC分类号： C09D5/1681 , B05D1/02 , B05D3/007 , B05D5/083 , C08G18/10 , C08G18/12 , C08G18/4833 , C08G18/5015 , C08G18/758 , C08G81/00 , C09D7/61 , C09D127/12 , C09D175/08 , C09D187/005 , C08G18/3206
摘要： This invention provides durable, low-ice-adhesion coatings with excellent performance in terms of ice-adhesion reduction. Some variations provide a low-ice-adhesion coating comprising a microstructure with a first-material phase and a second-material phase that are microphase-separated on an average length scale of phase inhomogeneity from 1 micron to 100 microns. Some variations provide a low-ice-adhesion material comprising a continuous matrix containing a first component; and a plurality of discrete inclusions containing a second component, wherein the inclusions are dispersed within the matrix to form a phase-separated microstructure that is inhomogeneous on an average length scale from 1 micron to 100 microns, wherein one of the first component or the second component is a low-surface-energy polymer, and the other is a hygroscopic material. The coatings are characterized by an AMIL Centrifuge Ice Adhesion Reduction Factor up to 100 or more. These coatings are useful for aerospace surfaces and other applications.
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20170096568A1
公开(公告)日：2017-04-06
申请号：US15352149
申请日：2016-11-15
发明人： Andrew P. NOWAK , Adam F. GROSS , Michael H. BARTL
IPC分类号： C09D7/12 , C09D5/16 , C09D175/04
CPC分类号： C09D7/67 , B82Y30/00 , C08K9/06 , C08K13/06 , C08K2003/265 , C08K2201/005 , C08K2201/011 , C09D5/00 , C09D5/1681 , C09D7/40 , C09D175/04 , C09K3/18 , Y10S977/773 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/2438 , Y10T428/24388 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/24421
摘要： Variations of this invention provide durable, impact-resistant structural coatings that have both dewetting and anti-icing properties. The coatings in some embodiments possess a self-similar structure that combines a low-cost matrix with two feature sizes that are tuned to affect the wetting of water and freezing of water on the surface. Dewetting and anti-icing performance is simultaneously achieved in a structural coating comprising multiple layers, wherein each layer includes (a) a continuous matrix; (b) discrete templates dispersed that promote surface roughness to inhibit wetting of water; and (c) nanoparticles that inhibit heterogeneous nucleation of water. These structural coatings utilize low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally benign materials that can be rapidly sprayed over large areas using convenient coating processes. The presence of multiple layers means that if the surface is damaged during use, freshly exposed surface will expose a coating identical to that which was removed, for extended lifetime.
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公开(公告)号：US20170021417A1
公开(公告)日：2017-01-26
申请号：US15209903
申请日：2016-07-14
发明人： John H. MARTIN , Tobias A. SCHAEDLER , Brennan YAHATA , Jacob M. HUNDLEY , Jason A. GRAETZ , Adam F. GROSS , William CARTER
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , B29C45/00 , B28B1/00 , B22F5/00 , B22F1/00 , B22F3/16 , B22F3/105 , B29C67/00 , B28B1/24
摘要： Disclosed herein are surface-functionalized powders which alter the solidification of the melted powders. Some variations provide a powdered material comprising a plurality of particles fabricated from a first material, wherein each of the particles has a particle surface area that is continuously or intermittently surface-functionalized with nanoparticles and/or microparticles selected to control solidification of the powdered material from a liquid state to a solid state. Other variations provide a method of controlling solidification of a powdered material, comprising melting at least a portion of the powdered material to a liquid state, and semi-passively controlling solidification of the powdered material from the liquid state to a solid state. Several techniques for semi-passive control are described in detail. The methods may further include creating a structure through one or more techniques selected from additive manufacturing, injection molding, pressing and sintering, capacitive discharge sintering, or spark plasma sintering.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了改变熔融粉末固化的表面官能化粉末。 一些变型提供了包括由第一材料制成的多个颗粒的粉末材料，其中每个颗粒具有连续或间歇地表面官能化的纳米颗粒和/或微粒的颗粒表面积，用于控制粉末材料的固化 液态到固态。 其它变型提供了一种控制粉末材料固化的方法，包括将至少一部分粉末材料熔化成液态，并半主动地控制粉末材料从液态至固态的固化。 详细描述了半无源控制的几种技术。 所述方法还可以包括通过选自添加剂制造，注塑，压制和烧结，电容放电烧结或火花等离子体烧结中的一种或多种技术来产生结构。
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公开(公告)号：US20170002230A1
公开(公告)日：2017-01-05
申请号：US14523852
申请日：2014-10-25
发明人： Andrew P. NOWAK , Adam F. GROSS
IPC分类号： C09D175/04 , C08K3/26 , C08K5/544 , C09D133/14
CPC分类号： C09D175/04 , C08G18/0828 , C08G18/6225 , C08G18/792 , C08G18/8083 , C08K3/26 , C08K5/544 , C08K9/06 , C08K2003/265 , C08K2201/011 , C09D5/00 , C09D133/14
摘要： Variations of this invention provide durable, impact-resistant structural coatings that have both dewetting and anti-icing properties. Dewetting and anti-icing performance is simultaneously achieved in a structural coating comprising (a) a continuous matrix; (b) discrete templates that promote surface roughness to inhibit wetting of water; (c) porous voids surrounding the discrete templates; and (d) nanoparticles that inhibit heterogeneous nucleation of water, wherein the discrete templates and/or the nanoparticles include a surface material with hydrophobicity that decreases with increasing temperature. The surface material may be a polymer brush exhibiting an upper critical solution temperature in water of 50° C. or higher. These structural coatings utilize low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally benign materials that can be rapidly sprayed over large areas using convenient coating processes. If the surface is damaged during use, freshly exposed surface will expose a coating identical to that which was removed, for extended lifetime.
摘要翻译： 本发明的变化提供耐久，耐冲击的结构涂层，其具有去湿和抗结冰性能。 在包括（a）连续基体的结构涂层中同时实现脱水和防冰性能; （b）促进表面粗糙度以抑制水分润湿的离散模板; （c）围绕离散模板的多孔隙; 和（d）抑制水的非均相成核的纳米颗粒，其中离散模板和/或纳米颗粒包括具有随着温度升高而降低的疏水性的表面材料。 表面材料可以是在50℃或更高的水中表现出上临界溶解温度的聚合物刷。 这些结构涂料使用低成本，轻质和环保的材料，可以使用方便的涂层工艺快速喷涂在大面积上。 如果表面在使用过程中损坏，新露出的表面会暴露出与去除的表面相同的涂层，延长使用寿命。
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7.发明申请METHODS FOR FABRICATING INORGANIC PROTON-CONDUCTING COATINGS FOR FUEL-CELL MEMBRANES 有权用于制造无机原子导电涂料的燃料电池膜的方法公开(公告)号：US20140220237A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-07
申请号：US14251619
申请日：2014-04-13
发明人： Adam F. GROSS , Jocelyn HICKS-GARNER , Ping LIU , John J. VAJO , Chaoyin ZHOU
IPC分类号： H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/0291 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/04197 , H01M8/1016 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2300/0071 , H01M2300/0094 , Y02E60/521 , Y02E60/523
摘要： The present invention provides methods for fabricating a fuel cell membrane structure that can dramatically reduce fuel crossover, thereby improving fuel cell efficiency and power output. Preferred composite membrane structures include an inorganic layer situated between the anode layer and the proton-exchange membrane. The inorganic layer can conduct protons in unhydrated form, rather than as hydronium ions, which reduces fuel crossover. Some methods of this invention include certain coating steps to effectively deposit an inorganic layer on an organic proton-exchange membrane.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了可以显着减少燃料分流的燃料电池膜结构的制造方法，从而提高燃料电池效率和功率输出。 优选的复合膜结构包括位于阳极层和质子交换膜之间的无机层。 无机层可以以非水合形式进行质子，而不是作为水合氢离子，这减少了燃料的交叉。 本发明的一些方法包括有机沉积有机质子交换膜上的无机层的某些涂覆步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US20200208073A1
公开(公告)日：2020-07-02
申请号：US16818064
申请日：2020-03-13
发明人： Andrew P. NOWAK , Adam F. GROSS , Elena SHERMAN
IPC分类号： C10M169/04 , C10M147/04 , C10M107/44 , C08G65/34 , C09D175/08 , C08G18/66 , C08G18/38 , C08G18/48 , C08G18/65 , C10M149/20 , C10M107/38 , C08G18/75 , C08G18/50 , C08G81/02 , C08G81/00
摘要： Low-friction fluorinated coatings are disclosed herein. A preferred low-friction material contains a low-surface-energy fluoropolymer having a surface energy between about 5 mJ/m2 to about 50 mJ/m2, and a hygroscopic material that is covalently connected to the fluoropolymer in a triblock copolymer, such as PEG-PFPE-PEG. The material forms a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. An exemplary copolymer comprises fluoropolymers with average molecular weight from 500 g/mol to 20,000 g/mol, wherein the fluoropolymers are (α,ω)-hydroxyl-terminated and/or (α,ω)-amine-terminated, and wherein the fluoropolymers are present in the triblock structure T-(CH2—CH2—O)—CH2—CF2—O—(CF2—CF2—O)m(CF2—O)n—CF2—CH2—(O—CH2—CH2)p-T where T is a hydroxyl or amine terminal group, p=1 to 50, m=1 to 100, and n=1 to 100. The copolymer also contains isocyanate species and polyol or polyamine chain extenders or crosslinkers possessing a functionality of preferably 3 or greater. These durable, solvent-resistant, and transparent coatings reduce insect debris following impact.
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20200030767A1
公开(公告)日：2020-01-30
申请号：US16411061
申请日：2019-05-13
IPC分类号： B01J13/10
摘要： Some variations provide a method of assembling a plurality of particles into particle assemblies, comprising: (a) obtaining a first fluid containing particles and a solvent for the particles; (b) obtaining a second fluid not fully miscible with the first fluid; (c) obtaining a third fluid that is a co-solvent for the first fluid and the second fluid; (d) combining the first fluid and the second fluid to generate an emulsion containing droplets of the first fluid in the second fluid; (e) adding the third fluid to the emulsion; and (f) dissolving out the solvent from the droplets into the third fluid, thereby forming particle assemblies. Some variations also provide an assembly of nanoparticles, wherein the assembly has a volume from 1 μm3 to 1 mm3, a packing fraction from 20% to 100%, and/or an average relative surface roughness less than 1%, wherein the assembly is not disposed on a substrate.
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公开(公告)号：US20190177572A1
公开(公告)日：2019-06-13
申请号：US16273908
申请日：2019-02-12
IPC分类号： C09D175/08 , C09D5/16 , C08G18/24 , C08G18/48 , C09D7/63 , C09D7/40 , C08G18/34 , C08G18/08 , C08G18/75 , C08G18/50 , C08G18/38
摘要： An anti-fouling coating is provided, containing a continuous matrix comprising a first component; a plurality of inclusions comprising a second component, wherein the first component is a low-surface-energy polymer having a surface energy, and the second component is a hygroscopic material containing one or more ionic species. The low-surface-energy polymer and the hygroscopic material are chemically connected ionically or covalently, such as in a segmented copolymer composition comprising fluoropolymer soft segments and ionic species contained within the soft segments. The continuous matrix and the inclusions form a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. Coefficient-of-friction experimental data is presented for various sample coatings. The incorporation of ionic species into the polymer chain backbone increases the hygroscopic behavior of the overall structure. Improvement in lubrication enables material to be cleared from a surface using the natural motion of an automotive or aerospace vehicle.
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