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    Synthesis of substantially monodispersed colloids
    2.
    发明授权
    Synthesis of substantially monodispersed colloids 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06562403B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

    申请号：US09977838

    申请日：2001-10-15

    申请人： Kenneth J. Klabunde ,  Savka Stoeva ,  Christopher Sorensen

    发明人： Kenneth J. Klabunde ,  Savka Stoeva ,  Christopher Sorensen

    IPC分类号： B05D714

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B01J13/0043 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/896

    摘要： A method of forming ligated nanoparticles of the formula Y(Z)x where Y is a nanoparticle selected from the group consisting of elemental metals having atomic numbers ranging from 21-34, 39-52, 57-83 and 89-102, all inclusive, the halides, oxides and sulfides of such metals, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal halides, and Z represents ligand moieties such as the alkyl thiols. In the method, a first colloidal dispersion is formed made up of nanoparticles solvated in a molar excess of a first solvent (preferably a ketone such as acetone), a second solvent different than the first solvent (preferably an organic aryl solvent such as toluene) and a quantity of ligand moieties; the first solvent is then removed under vacuum and the ligand moieties ligate to the nanoparticles to give a second colloidal dispersion of the ligated nanoparticles solvated in the second solvent. If substantially monodispersed nanoparticles are desired, the second dispersion is subjected to a digestive ripening process. Upon drying, the ligated nanoparticles may form a three-dimensional superlattice structure.

    Reactive nanoparticles as destructive adsorbents for biological and chemical contamination
    5.
    发明授权
    Reactive nanoparticles as destructive adsorbents for biological and chemical contamination 有权
    活性纳米颗粒作为生物和化学污染的破坏性吸附剂

    公开(公告)号：US06417423B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

    申请号：US09549991

    申请日：2000-04-14

    申请人： Olga Koper ,  Kenneth J. Klabunde ,  John S. Klabunde

    发明人： Olga Koper ,  Kenneth J. Klabunde ,  John S. Klabunde

    IPC分类号： A62D300

    CPC分类号： A61L2/232 ,  A61L2/23 ,  A61L2/238 ,  A61L9/14 ,  A61L9/16 ,  A61L2209/22 ,  B01D53/02 ,  B01D2253/112 ,  B01D2253/304 ,  B01D2257/91 ,  B01J20/027 ,  B01J20/041 ,  B01J20/06 ,  B01J20/28007 ,  B01J20/28057 ,  B01J20/3204 ,  B01J20/3236 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C04B35/62805 ,  C04B35/62815 ,  C04B35/62826 ,  C04B35/62886 ,  C04B2235/3206 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3232 ,  C04B2235/5454 ,  C04B2235/604 ,  C04B2235/608

    摘要： Compositions and methods for destroying biological agents and toxins such as Aflatoxins, Botulinum toxins, and Clostridium perfrigens toxins are provided wherein the substance to be destroyed is contacted with a finely divided metal oxide nanocrystals. In various embodiments, the metal oxide nanocrystals have reactive atoms stabilized on their surfaces, species adsorbed on their surfaces, or are coated with a second metal oxide. The desired metal oxide nanocrystals can be pressed into pellets for use when a powder is not feasible. The methods of the invention are safe for humans, equipment, and the environment, and provide for decontamination of warfare sites, of equipment exposed to the contaminant, and of soil, water and air having been exposed to the contaminant. Preferred metal oxides for the methods include MgO, CaO, TiO2, ZrO2, FeO, V2O5, Mn2O3, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, Al2O3, ZnO and mixtures thereof. Preferred reactive atoms stabilized on the surfaces of the metal oxide nanocrystals include halogens and Group I metals, and preferred species stabilized on the surfaces of the metal oxide nanocrystals include SO2, NO2 and ozone.

    摘要翻译： 提供用于破坏生物制剂和毒素如黄曲霉毒素，肉毒杆菌毒素和梭菌毒素毒素的组合物和方法，其中待破坏的物质与细碎的金属氧化物纳米晶体接触。 在各种实施方案中，金属氧化物纳米晶体在其表面上具有稳定的反应性原子，吸附在其表面上的物质或用第二金属氧化物涂覆。 当粉末不可行时，所需的金属氧化物纳米晶体可以压制成颗粒使用。 本发明的方法对于人类，设备和环境是安全的，并且对于暴露于污染物的设备以及已经暴露于污染物的土壤，水和空气的作战地点，设备的去污， 用于该方法的优选金属氧化物包括MgO，CaO，TiO 2，ZrO 2，FeO，V 2 O 5，Mn 2 O 3，Fe 2 O 3，NiO，CuO，Al 2 O 3，ZnO及其混合物。 在金属氧化物纳米晶体的表面上稳定的优选的反应性原子包括卤素和第I族金属，并且在金属氧化物纳米晶体的表面上稳定的优选物质包括SO 2，NO 2和臭氧。