公开(公告)号：US11866827B2

公开(公告)日：2024-01-09

申请号：US17523046

申请日：2021-11-10

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: C23C16/56 ,  C09D11/52 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01B1/22 ,  C09D11/033

CPC classification number: C23C16/56 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C09D11/033 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01B1/22 ,  Y10T428/24802

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, the metallic nanofibers are between about 10 microns to about 100 microns in length, are between about 10 nm to about 120 nm in diameter, and are typically functionalized with a coating or partial coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a similar compound. An exemplary metallic nanofiber ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanofibers; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, or mixtures thereof; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, for example.

公开(公告)号：US20180114775A1

公开(公告)日：2018-04-26

申请号：US15726739

申请日：2017-10-06

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： William Johnstone Ray ,  Mark David Lowenthal ,  Richard Austin Blanchard ,  Lixin Zheng ,  Xiaorong Cai ,  Bradley S. Oraw

IPC: H01L25/065 ,  H01L25/16 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L25/00 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: H01L25/0655 ,  G09G3/32 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  H01L25/0753 ,  H01L25/167 ,  H01L25/50 ,  H01L27/15 ,  H01L33/505 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L2933/0033 ,  H01L2933/0066

Abstract: Active LEDs have a control transistor in series with an LED and have a top electrode, a bottom electrode, and a control electrode. The active LEDs are microscopic and dispersed in an ink. A substrate has column lines, and the active LEDs are printed at various pixel locations so the bottom electrodes contact the column lines. A hydrophobic mask defines the pixel locations. Due to the printing process, there are different numbers of active LEDs in the various pixel locations. Row lines and control lines contact the top and control electrodes so that the active LEDs in each single pixel location are connected in parallel. If the LEDs emit blue light, red and green phosphors are printed over various pixel locations to create an ultra-thin color display. Any active LED may be addressed using row and column addressing, and the brightness may be controlled using the control lines.

公开(公告)号：US20140054515A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-27

申请号：US14072136

申请日：2013-11-05

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: H01B1/22

CPC classification number: H01B1/22 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C09D11/033 ,  C09D11/106 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L31/022466 ,  H01L31/1884 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, an exemplary metallic nanowire ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanowires at least partially coated with a first polymer comprising polyvinyl pyrrolidone having a molecular weight less than about 50,000; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, and mixtures thereof; and a second polymer or polymeric precursor such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, having a molecular weight greater than about 500,000.

Abstract translation: 示例性可印刷组合物包含多个金属纳米纤维或纳米线的液体或凝胶悬浮液; 第一溶剂; 和粘度调节剂，树脂或粘合剂。 在各种实施方案中，可印刷以制备基本上透明导体的示例性金属纳米线油墨包括至少部分涂覆有包含分子量小于约50,000的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的第一聚合物的多个金属纳米线; 一种或多种溶剂如1-丁醇，乙醇，1-戊醇，正 - 甲基吡咯烷酮，环己酮，环戊酮，1-己醇，乙酸，环己醇及其混合物; 以及分子量大于约500,000的第二聚合物或聚合物前体，例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或聚酰亚胺。

公开(公告)号：US20200048771A1

公开(公告)日：2020-02-13

申请号：US16593986

申请日：2019-10-05

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: C23C16/56 ,  C09D11/52 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01B1/22 ,  C09D11/033

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, the metallic nanofibers are between about 10 microns to about 100 microns in length, are between about 10 nm to about 120 nm in diameter, and are typically functionalized with a coating or partial coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a similar compound. An exemplary metallic nanofiber ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanofibers; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, or mixtures thereof; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, for example.

公开(公告)号：US20160141471A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

申请号：US15007126

申请日：2016-01-26

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： William Johnstone Ray ,  Mark David Lowenthal ,  Lixin Zheng

IPC: H01L33/56 ,  H01L33/40 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L25/075 ,  H01L33/06

CPC classification number: H01L33/56 ,  H01L25/0753 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/405 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/486 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2933/0016 ,  H01L2933/0066 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2924/0001

Abstract: A flexible light sheet includes a bottom conductor layer overlying a flexible substrate. An array of vertical light emitting diodes (VLEDs) is printed as an ink over the bottom conductor layer so that bottom electrodes of the VLEDs electrically contact the bottom conductor layer. A top electrode of the VLEDs is formed of a first transparent conductor layer, and a temporary hydrophobic layer is formed over the first transparent conductor layer. A dielectric material is deposited between the VLEDs but is automatically de-wetted off the hydrophobic layer. The hydrophobic layer is then removed, and a second transparent conductor layer is deposited to electrically contact the top electrode of the VLEDs. The VLEDs can be made less than 10 microns in diameter since no top metal bump electrode is used. The VLEDs are illuminated by a voltage differential between the bottom conductor layer and the second transparent conductor layer.

公开(公告)号：US20160153092A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-02

申请号：US15018974

申请日：2016-02-09

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: C23C16/56 ,  C09D11/52

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, the metallic nanofibers are between about 10 microns to about 100 microns in length, are between about 10 nm to about 120 nm in diameter, and are typically functionalized with a coating or partial coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a similar compound. An exemplary metallic nanofiber ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanofibers; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, or mixtures thereof; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, for example.

Abstract translation: 示例性可印刷组合物包含多个金属纳米纤维或纳米线的液体或凝胶悬浮液; 第一溶剂; 和粘度调节剂，树脂或粘合剂。 在各种实施方案中，金属纳米纤维的长度为约10微米至约100微米，直径在约10nm至约120nm之间，并且通常用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或类似化合物的涂层或部分涂层进行官能化。 可以印刷以制造基本上透明的导体的示例性金属纳米纤维油墨包括多个金属纳米纤维; 一种或多种溶剂如1-丁醇，乙醇，1-戊醇，正甲基吡咯烷酮，环己酮，环戊酮，1-己醇，乙酸，环己醇或其混合物; 和粘度调节剂，树脂或粘合剂如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或聚酰亚胺。

公开(公告)号：US09281298B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-08

申请号：US14616347

申请日：2015-02-06

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： William Johnstone Ray ,  Mark David Lowenthal ,  Lixin Zheng

IPC: H01L29/00 ,  H01L25/075 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/40 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/48 ,  H01L33/62

CPC classification number: H01L33/56 ,  H01L25/0753 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/405 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/486 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2933/0016 ,  H01L2933/0066 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2924/0001

Abstract: A flexible light sheet includes a bottom conductor layer overlying a flexible substrate. An array of vertical light emitting diodes (VLEDs) is printed as an ink over the bottom conductor layer so that bottom electrodes of the VLEDs electrically contact the bottom conductor layer. A top electrode of the VLEDs is formed of a first transparent conductor layer, and a temporary hydrophobic layer is formed over the first transparent conductor layer. A dielectric material is deposited between the VLEDs but is automatically de-wetted off the hydrophobic layer. The hydrophobic layer is then removed, and a second transparent conductor layer is deposited to electrically contact the top electrode of the VLEDs. The VLEDs can be made less than 10 microns in diameter since no top metal bump electrode is used. The VLEDs are illuminated by a voltage differential between the bottom conductor layer and the second transparent conductor layer.

公开(公告)号：US20150228631A1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-13

申请号：US14616347

申请日：2015-02-06

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： William Johnstone Ray ,  Mark David Lowenthal ,  Lixin Zheng

IPC: H01L25/075 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/48 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/40

CPC classification number: H01L33/56 ,  H01L25/0753 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/405 ,  H01L33/42 ,  H01L33/486 ,  H01L33/62 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2933/0016 ,  H01L2933/0066 ,  H01L2924/00 ,  H01L2924/0001

Abstract: A flexible light sheet includes a bottom conductor layer overlying a flexible substrate. An array of vertical light emitting diodes (VLEDs) is printed as an ink over the bottom conductor layer so that bottom electrodes of the VLEDs electrically contact the bottom conductor layer. A top electrode of the VLEDs is formed of a first transparent conductor layer, and a temporary hydrophobic layer is formed over the first transparent conductor layer. A dielectric material is deposited between the VLEDs but is automatically de-wetted off the hydrophobic layer. The hydrophobic layer is then removed, and a second transparent conductor layer is deposited to electrically contact the top electrode of the VLEDs. The VLEDs can be made less than 10 microns in diameter since no top metal bump electrode is used. The VLEDs are illuminated by a voltage differential between the bottom conductor layer and the second transparent conductor layer.

Abstract translation: 柔性光板包括覆盖柔性基板的底部导体层。 垂直发光二极管阵列（VLED）作为墨水印在底部导体层上，使得VLED的底部电极与底部导体层电接触。 VLED的顶部电极由第一透明导体层形成，并且在第一透明导体层上形成临时疏水层。 电介质材料沉积在VLED之间，但自动从疏水层脱湿。 然后去除疏水层，并且沉积第二透明导体层以与VLED的顶部电极电接触。 VLED的直径可以小于10微米，因为不使用顶部金属凸块电极。 VLED由底部导体层和第二透明导体层之间的电压差照明。

公开(公告)号：US09035174B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-19

申请号：US13718978

申请日：2012-12-18

Applicant: Nthdegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Tricia A. Youngbull ,  William J. Ray ,  Lixin Zheng ,  Mark D. Lowenthal ,  Vera N. Lockett ,  Theodore I. Kamins ,  Neil O. Shotton

IPC: H01L31/054 ,  H01L31/055 ,  H01L31/103 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/18

CPC classification number: H01L31/1804 ,  H01L31/02168 ,  H01L31/022425 ,  H01L31/02322 ,  H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/03529 ,  H01L31/055 ,  H01L31/068 ,  H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02E10/548 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A PV panel uses an array of small silicon sphere diodes (10-300 microns in diameter) connected in parallel. The spheres are embedded in an uncured aluminum-containing layer, and the aluminum-containing layer is heated to anneal the aluminum-containing layer as well as p-dope the bottom surface of the spheres. A phosphorus-containing layer is deposited over the spheres to dope the top surface n-type, forming a pn junction. The phosphorus layer is then removed. A conductor is deposited to contact the top surface. Alternatively, the spheres are deposited with a p-type core and an n-type outer shell. After deposition, the top surface is etched to expose the core. A first conductor layer contacts the bottom surface, and a second conductor layer contacts the exposed core. A liquid lens material is deposited over the rounded top surface of the spheres and cured to provide conformal lenses designed to increase the PV panel efficiency.

Abstract translation: PV面板使用并联连接的小硅球二极管阵列（直径10-300微米）。 将球体嵌入未固化的含铝层中，并且对含铝层进行加热以使含铝层退火，并对球体的底表面进行p涂覆。 在球体上沉积含磷层以掺杂顶表面n型，形成pn结。 然后除去磷层。 沉积导体以接触顶表面。 或者，球体沉积有p型芯和n型外壳。 沉积后，顶表面被蚀刻以露出芯。 第一导体层接触底表面，并且第二导体层接触暴露的芯。 液体透镜材料沉积在球体的圆形顶表面上并固化以提供设计用于增加PV面板效率的适形透镜。

公开(公告)号：US20220098738A1

公开(公告)日：2022-03-31

申请号：US17523046

申请日：2021-11-10

Applicant: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.

Inventor： Mark David Lowenthal ,  Mark Lewandowski ,  Jeffrey Baldridge ,  Lixin Zheng ,  David Michael Chesler

IPC: C23C16/56 ,  C09D11/52 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01B1/22 ,  C09D11/033

Abstract: An exemplary printable composition comprises a liquid or gel suspension of a plurality of metallic nanofibers or nanowires; a first solvent; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder. In various embodiments, the metallic nanofibers are between about 10 microns to about 100 microns in length, are between about 10 nm to about 120 nm in diameter, and are typically functionalized with a coating or partial coating of polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a similar compound. An exemplary metallic nanofiber ink which can be printed to produce a substantially transparent conductor comprises a plurality of metallic nanofibers; one or more solvents such as 1-butanol, ethanol, 1-pentanol, n-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 1-hexanol, acetic acid, cyclohexanol, or mixtures thereof; and a viscosity modifier, resin, or binder such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone or a polyimide, for example.