摘要:
After a plurality of grooves are formed in an insulating film, a barrier metal film and a conductive film are deposited successively on the insulating film such that each of the grooves is filled completely therewith. Subsequently, the portions of the conductive film outside the grooves are removed by polishing and then the portions of the barrier metal film outside the grooves are removed by polishing. Thereafter, a foreign matter adhered to the surface to be polished during polishing is removed and then a surface of the insulating film is polished.
摘要:
After a plurality of grooves are formed in an insulating film and in an antireflection film on the insulating film, a barrier metal film and a conductive film are deposited on the anti-reflection film such that each of the grooves is filled. Subsequently, the portions of the conductive film outside the grooves are removed by a first polishing step and then the portions of the barrier metal film outside the grooves are removed by polishing. Thereafter, foreign matter adhered to the surface of the anti-reflection film is removed and a third polishing step is conducted on the surface of the anti-reflection film using an abrasive agent of the same type as used in the first polishing step of the conductive film.
摘要:
After a plurality of grooves are formed in an insulating film and in an anti-reflection film on the insulating film, a barrier metal film and a conductive film are deposited on the anti-reflection film such that each of the grooves is filled therewith. Subsequently, the portions of the conductive film outside the grooves are removed by polishing and then the portions of the barrier metal film outside the grooves are removed by polishing. Thereafter, respective foreign matters adhered to a polishing pad and to a surface to be polished during polishing are removed and then a surface of the anti-reflection film is polished.
摘要:
After a plurality of grooves are formed in an insulating film and in an anti-reflection film on the insulating film, a barrier metal film and a conductive film are deposited on the anti-reflection film such that each of the wiring grooves is filled therewith. Subsequently, the portions of the conductive film outside the grooves are removed by polishing and then the portions of the barrier metal film outside the wiring are removed by polishing. Thereafter, a foreign matter adhered to a surface to be polished during polishing is removed and then a surface of the anti-reflection film is polished.
摘要:
In a metamaterial, a dielectric layer includes a host medium and dielectric bodies disposed in rows with predetermined intervals therebetween is sandwiched between a pair of conductive mesh plates each having holes, thereby forming a functional layer including dielectric resonators corresponding to the dielectric bodies. The metamaterial is configured by laminating the functional layers. The holes and the dielectric resonators are positioned coaxially and an electromagnetic wave is propagated in each of the functional layers in a propagation direction perpendicular to a multi-layered laminate surface such that the metamaterial function as a left-handed metamaterial in relation to the propagation direction perpendicular to the multi-layered surface.
摘要:
A transmission line microwave apparatus includes at least one nonreciprocal transmission line part, which includes a series branch circuit equivalently including a capacitive element and a shunt branch circuit equivalently including an inductive element. The nonreciprocal transmission line part has gyrotropic characteristic by being magnetized in a magnetization direction different from the propagation direction of a microwave, and has an asymmetric structure to a plane formed by the propagation direction and the magnetization direction. The nonreciprocal transmission line part has a propagation constant and an operating frequency set in a dispersion curve that represents a relation between the propagation constant and the operating frequency so that the propagation constant in the forward direction and the propagation constant in the backward direction have nonreciprocal phase characteristics different from each other. A microwave transmission line is constituted by cascade-connecting at least one non-reciprocal transmission line part between first and second ports.
摘要:
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes the steps of forming a plurality of lower interconnections at intervals in a first insulating film; removing a portion of the first insulating film located between the lower interconnections, thereby forming an interconnection-to-interconnection gap; forming a second insulating film over the first insulating film in which the lower interconnections and the interconnection-to-interconnection gap are formed such that an air gap is formed out of the interconnection-to-interconnection gap; and forming, in the second insulating film, a connection portion connected to one of the lower interconnections and an upper interconnection connected to the connection portion. The connection portion is formed to be connected to one of the lower interconnections not adjacent to the air gap.
摘要:
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes the steps of: forming a plurality of lower interconnections at intervals in a first insulating film; removing a portion of the first insulating film located between the lower interconnections, thereby forming an interconnection-to-interconnection gap; forming a second insulating film over the first insulating film in which the lower interconnections and the interconnection-to-interconnection gap are formed such that an air gap is formed out of the interconnection-to-interconnection gap; and forming, in the second insulating film, a connection portion connected to one of the lower interconnections and an upper interconnection connected to the connection portion. The connection portion is formed to be connected to one of the lower interconnections not adjacent to the air gap.
摘要:
An inventive semiconductor device includes: a lower interlayer dielectric film provided on a substrate; a lower interconnect made up of a lower barrier metal layer formed along a wall surface of a lower interconnect groove in the lower interlayer dielectric film, and a copper film; and an upper plug and an upper interconnect. The upper plug passes through a silicon nitride film and comes into contact with the copper film of the lower interconnect. The lower interconnect is provided with a large number of convex portions buried in concave portions of the lower interconnect groove. Thus, voids in the lower interconnect are also gettered by the convex portions. Accordingly, the concentration of voids in the contact area between the lower interconnect and the upper plug is relieved, and an increase in contact resistance is suppressed.
摘要:
A hydrogen producing apparatus comprising: a reforming section having a reforming catalyst which causes a reaction between a carbon-containing organic compound as a feedstock and water; a feedstock supply section for supplying the feedstock to the reforming section; a water supply section for supplying water to the reforming section; a heating section for heating the reforming catalyst; a shifting section having a shift catalyst which causes a shift reaction between carbon monoxide and water contained in a reformed gas supplied from the reforming section; and a purifying section having a purifying catalyst which causes oxidation or methanation of carbon monoxide contained in a gas supplied from the shifting section, wherein the shift catalyst comprises a platinum group metal and a metal oxide.