Abstract:
Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes adding to the liquid, a tracer compound of Formula I or II: wherein at least one of R1-R6 in Formula I and at least one of R7-R14 in Formula II is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C4-C20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R1-R6 in Formula I to one another or two positions selected from R7-R14 in Formula II to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group and none of R1-R6 and none of R7-R14 being a sulphonate group or COOR15, where R15 represents H, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C3-C15 cycloalkyl or aryl.
Abstract:
Disclosed is composition useful for reducing the concentration of mercaptans in hydrocarbons comprising: (A) a first diazo component and (B) a second component comprising a nucleophilic acceptor. The composition can be added to hydrocarbons such as fuel oil to reduce mercaptans without increasing turbidity or color. Triethylene diamine and 1,2-epoxyhexadecane are disclosed to be exemplary diazo and nucleophilic acceptor components.
Abstract:
A vehicle fuel composition comprises: a light or low-carbon hydrocarbon or pentane fraction; a non-lead anti-knocking agent including methyl tert-butyl ether, tert-amyl methyl ether, anhydrous methanol and anhydrous ethanol; a fluorocarbon cation surfactant and/or a fluorocarbon non-ionic surfactant; which are thoroughly blended to obtain a motor fuel having a research octane number of more than ninety for enhancing anti-knocking property and also for minimizing carbon accumulation in a combustion engine system.
Abstract:
The present invention teaches an ethanol modifier and a clean ethanol fuel comprising the modifier. The ethanol modifier comprises the following components in stated weight percentages: sugar remover 12-17%; emulsifier 2-5%; antioxidant 2-6%; preservative 2-6%; antiaging agent 3-8%; cleaning agent 1-3%; anti-wearing agent 7-10%; combustion promoter 12-15%; octane enhancing additive 22-28%; and compatibilizer 18-30%. All of the components are commercially-available and readily prepared. The clean ethanol fuel comprising the ethanol modifier of the present invention is better than the national 93 octane gasoline standard, and can satisfy the European IV discharge standard.
Abstract:
Tropospheric volume elements enriched with vital elements and/or protective substances as well as procedures for their production and application. The term “vital elements” applies to all matter supporting the development of life within the earth's biosphere and the term “protective substances” means all those substances which contribute directly or indirectly to the prevention of harmful effects on the earth's biosphere and in particular on man. Tropospheric volume elements in the form of clouds which contain contaminants and which can escape from industrial facilities due to damage or malfunction are enriched with protective substances which prevent the organism from taking in radioactive elements and minimize the extent of the area affected by the clouds and possess additional warning and identification properties.
Abstract:
There are herein disclosed an additive for a lubricant or a fuel which comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of substituted hydroxyaromatic ester derivatives represented by the general formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each an organic group having 6 or more carbon atoms, a, b, d, e, k and m are from 1 to 3, c, f, g, i and j are from 0 to 3, and h is from 0 to 4, but (f+g) is from 1 to 3, and (h+i) is from 1 to 6, an additive composition for a lubricant or a fuel, and a lubricating oil composition or a fuel composition containing the above-mentioned additive. The above-mentioned additive for the lubricant or the fuel is desirable as an ashless detergent excellent in high-temperature stability in place of a metal detergent, and the lubricating oil composition or the fuel composition containing this additive can suitably be used as the lubricant or the fuel for an internal combustion engine which can comply with future exhaust gas controls.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene/alpha-olefin/diene interpolymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted interpolymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.
Abstract:
The instant invention relates to a hydrocarbon composition, such as motor fuel and lubricant compositions, containing a polyetheramide as a deposit control additive, to a concentrate containing such a polyetheramide as a deposit control additive, and to a method for improving the operation of an internal combustion engine.
Abstract:
Process for marking industrial organic solvents miscible with water and petroleum products gaseous at atmospheric pressure and room temperature and liquid when compressed at low pressure, by the addition to the above solvents of a primary nitroderivative having the general formulaR-CH.sub.2 -NO.sub.2
Abstract:
A fuel additive composition comprising:(a) a fuel-soluble aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom wherein the hydrocarbyl group has a number average molecular weight of about 700 to 3,000;(b) a polyolefin polymer of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 monoolefin, wherein the polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 350 to 3,000; and(c) an aromatic di- or tri-carboxylic acid ester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and x is 2 or 3.