摘要:
The present invention is directed to solid state organic light emitting devices and to methods for triplet excitation scavenging in such devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for substantially reducing a triplet population in a solid state organic material, the method comprising providing molecules exhibiting non-vertical triplet energy transfer in the solid state organic material or at a distance smaller than a triplet exciton diffusion length from the solid state organic material.
摘要:
A vertical phase change memory cell (2) has an active region (24) of phase change memory material defined either by providing a contact extending only over part of the phase change memory material or an insulating layer exposing only part of the phase change memory material. There may be more than one active region (24) per cell allowing more than one bit of data to be stored in each cell.
摘要:
The present invention is related to a method for aligning and bonding a first element (1) and a second element (2), the first element being a semiconductor die or substrate, the method comprising: obtaining a first element (1) having at least one protrusion, the protrusion having a base portion (12) made of a first non-deformable material and an upper portion (13) made of a second, deformable material, different from the first material; obtaining a second element (2) having a first main surface and second main surface (8) and at least one through-hole between the first and second main surface; placing the first and second element onto each other; receiving in the through-hole of the second element (2) the protrusion of the first element (1), the protrusion being arranged and constructed so as to extend from an opening of the through-hole in the first main surface to a position beyond an opening of the through-hole in the second main surface (8); deforming the deformable portion (13) of the protrusion, such that the deformed portion mechanically fixes the second element (2) on the first element (1).
摘要:
The present invention proposes a virtually multi-threaded distributed instruction memory hierarchy that can support the execution of multiple incompatible loops in parallel. In addition to regular loops, irregular loops with conditional constructs and nested loops can be mapped. In the architecture in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the loop buffers are clustered, each loop buffer having its own local controller, and each local controller is responsible for indexing and regulating accesses to its loop buffer.
摘要:
Systems and methods for transferring incoming single-ended burst signals of which at least one characteristic varies widely from burst to burst onto a pair of differential lines. The systems comprise an input for receiving an incoming burst signal, a signal adaptation block for adapting said widely varying characteristic and a single-ended-to-differential converter. In a first aspect a reset signal for resetting a settings determination block, which controls the signal adaptation block, is sent backwards over the differential lines, preferably using a common-mode signal. In a second aspect, a status freezing mechanism is employed for freezing the settings of the settings determination block after the end of the preamble of an incoming burst.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for determining a set of programming conditions for a given type of charge-trapping non-volatile memory device, comprising the steps of: (a) selecting different sets of programming parameters to be applied to the corresponding number of non-volatile memory devices of said type, (b) programming said number of non-volatile memory devices by means of the sets of programming parameters, (c) determining an actual spatial charge distribution of the charge trapping layer of each of the programmed devices, (d) determining the influence of at least one of the programming parameters on the spatial charge distribution, (e) determining an optimised value for at least one of the programming parameters, (f) entering each optimised value in said sets of programming parameters and repeating steps b) to e) at least once.
摘要:
A method for the production of a photovoltaic device, for instance solar cell, is disclosed, comprising the steps of providing a substrate having a front main surface and a rear surface; depositing a dielectric layer on the rear surface, wherein the dielectric layer has a thickness larger than 100 nm; depositing a passivation layer comprising hydrogenated SiN on top of the dielectric layer and forming back contacts through the dielectric layer and the passivation layer. A method for the production of a photovoltaic device, for instance solar cell, is also disclosed, comprising the steps of providing a substrate having a front main surface and a rear surface; depositing a dielectric layer stack on the rear surface, wherein the dielectric layer stack comprises a sub-stack of dielectric layers, the sub-stack having a thickness larger than 100 nm, the dielectric layer stack having a thickness larger than 200 nm; and forming back contacts through the dielectric layer stack. Corresponding photovoltaic devices, for instance solar cell devices, are also disclosed.
摘要:
The invention proposes a lithographic projection device such as a wafer stepper for forming a pattern on a substrate or wafer, comprising a(n) (actinic) radiation or light source (2), illumination optics (4) for directing light issuing from said light source onto a mask (6) and projection optics (8) for directing diffracted radiation or light from said mask to the substrate/wafer to be imaged, wherein an optical filter (9) is provided downstream of said projection optics and an imageable substrate (7) having an optical filter (9) on the side to be imaged.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device (10) with a semiconductor body (1) and a substrate (2) comprising at least one semiconductor element (3) and provided with at least one connection region (4) and an overlying stripe-shaped connection conductor (5) which is connected to the connection region (4), which connection conductor and connection region are both recessed in a dielectric material, where subsequently a first dielectric layer (6), a hard mask layer (7), and a second dielectric layer (8) are deposited on the semiconductor body (1), where at the location of the connection region (4) to be formed, a via (44) is formed in the first dielectric layer (6) by means of plasma etching using a plasma containing a compound of carbon and fluor, and in the presence of a patterned fotoresist layer deposited on top of the structure and at the location of the connection conductor (6) to be formed, a trench (55) is formed in the second dielectric layer (8) by means of plasma etching, which via (44) and trench (55) are filled with an electrically conducting material in order to form, respectively, the connection region (4) and the connection conductor (5), and where before the trench (55) is formed, the already formed via (44) is filled with an organic material (20). According to the invention, the material of the first dielectric layer (6) and the etch conditions during formation of the via (44) in the first dielectric layer (6) by plasma etching are chosen such that during etching the via (44), said via (44) is at the same time substantially completely filled with the organic material (20), which organic material (20) is formed from organic material already present within the structure and within the plasma. Relevant conditions - apart from the presence of the resist layer during etching and the use therein of a compound of carbon and fluor - relate to the choice of the material of the first (and second) dielectric layer(s) 6,8 and the power during etching of these layers (6,8).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device (10) with a field effect transistor, in which method a semiconductor body (1) of a semiconductor material is provided, at a surface thereof, with a source region (2) and a drain region (3) and with a gate region (4) between the source region (2) and the drain region (3), which gate region comprises a semiconductor region (4A) of a further semiconductor material that is separated from the surface of the semiconductor body (1) by a gate dielectric (5), and with spacers (6) adjacent to the gate region (4), for forming the source and drain regions (2,3), in which method the source region (2) and the drain region (3) are provided with a metal layer (7) which is used to form a compound (8) of the metal and the semiconductor material, and the gate region (4) is provided with a metal layer (7) which is used to form a compound (8) of the metal and the further semiconductor material. The known method in which different metal layers are used to silicidate source and drain regions and gate regions (2,3,4) has several drawbacks. A method according to the invention is characterized in that before the spacers (6) are formed, a sacrificial region (4B) of a material that may be selectively etched with respect to the semiconductor region (4A) is deposited on top of the semiconductor region (4A), and after the spacers (6) have been formed, the sacrificial layer (4B) is removed by etching, and after removal of the sacrificial layer (4B), a single metal layer (7) is deposited contacting the source, drain and gate regions (2,3,4). This method is on the one hand very simple as it requires only a single metal layer and few, straight-forward steps and it is compatible with existing (silicon) technology, and on the other hand it results in a (MOS)FET which does not suffer from a depletion layer effect in the fully silicided gate (4).