摘要:
There is disclosed a pyrolytic boron nitride container used for a Boat method in which material melt is retained In the container, and a crystal is grown while a temperature gradient is imparted to the material melt. The transmissivity of the pyrolytic boron nitride container with respect to light at a wave number ranging from 3700 cm.sup.-1 to 6500 cm.sup.-1 has a profile such that the transmissivity monotonously changes in the longitudinal direction of the container. The transmissivity profile is produced by imparting a pressure profile during manufacture of the container through deposition of pyrolytic boron nitride, by roughing the outer surface of the container such that the surface roughness has a profile, or by compounding pyrolytic boron nitride with a different material. It becomes possible to facilitate generation of a temperature gradient in material melt within the container and to facilitate control of a temperature profile in the container.
摘要:
A vibratory gyroscope including an elongated vibrator having a central (neutral) axis (Y-axis), a drive unit for deforming the first direction such that the vibrator vibrates in a first (X) direction, an added mass attached to the vibrator at a position offset from the central axis in a second (Z) direction, and a detector formed on the vibrator. Rotation of the vibratory gyroscope about the second (Z) direction during vibration in the second direction causes Coriolis force to acting on the added mass in a direction parallel to the central axis. Because the added mass is offset from the central axis, a resulting vibration in the second (Z) direction is produced, which is detected by the detector. With this arrangement, the central axis of the vibrator is placed in parallel with the surface of rotation of the rotating system. Thus, rotations about two or three axes in each direction can be detected in such a manner that noise generation is prevented.
摘要:
An object of the invention is to provide an image scrambling apparatus and an image descrambling apparatus capable of making a communication of secrecy by scrambling a digital image signal as well as variable-length-encoding the digital image signal.A transmitting apparatus 1 DCT-encodes an image signal V2 from an A/D converter 11 by means of a DCT encoder 12, and outputs signals of D1, D2, D3, D4, and the number of zero-runs D5. When it variable-length-encodes the D2 to D5 through a variable-length encoder 13 and outputs V3, it generates a series of PN signals K2 by means of a PN generator 18 on the basis of a PN initial value K1 from a PN initial value generator 17, adds the scalar quantumizing number D1 and K2 to each other by means of an adder 19 and outputs the scrambled D1, and then gives a scrambled image signal V4 through compositing the V3 and the D1.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a pad electrode formed on the substrate and a bump electrode formed on the pad electrode, wherein the pad electrode has an irregular flaw, and there is provided a pattern covering the irregular flaw between the pad electrode an the bump electrode.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus is disclosed, in which a photo-sensitive member is exposed by exposure means accommodated therein, and development is done substantially simultaneously with the exposure.Three time elements, that is, charging time constant C, i.e., time until reaching of a predetermined charging potential on of the photo-sensitive member in a brushing contact region between the photo-sensitive member and a toner holder after the start of charging, exposure time constant R, i.e., time until the charging potential is attenuated by the exposure to a latent image potential, and development time or time T, during which the photo-sensitive member passes by the brushing contact region, are appropriately determined.It is found that more satisfactory image formation is possible by setting C, R and T such as to meet relationsC+R
摘要翻译:公开了一种图像形成装置,其中感光构件通过容纳在其中的曝光装置曝光,并且显影基本上与曝光同时进行。 三个时间要素,即充电时间常数C,即,在开始充电之后,在感光元件和调色剂保持器之间的刷涂接触区域中到达感光元件的预定充电电位之前的时间, 适当确定曝光时间常数R,即通过曝光到潜像电位使充电电位衰减的时间,以及感光元件通过刷洗接触区域的显影时间或时间T。 发现通过设定C,R和T以满足关系C + R
摘要:
An optical fiber includes an optical fiber element having a core layer and a cladding layer formed on the core layer, and a coating layer having a refractive index lower than at least the refractive index of the cladding layer, or a coating layer including at least one of a predetermined saturated higher fatty acid and alkylpolysiloxane.
摘要:
A diaphragm linkage device for interchangeable lenses wherein more than three column-shaped guide members with a groove consisting of plastic material with a small friction coefficient are provided around the optical axis of the barrel for the interchangeable lens. A diaphragm linkage ring is adapted in the grooves in such a manner that by means of the guide members the diaphragm linkage ring is carried in the direction of thrust and in the radial direction.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a pad electrode formed on the substrate and a bump electrode formed on the pad electrode, wherein the pad electrode has an irregular flaw, and there is provided a pattern covering the irregular flaw between the pad electrode an the bump electrode.
摘要:
There is disclosed a pyrolytic boron nitride container for accommodating a material serving as a source of molecular beams for molecular beam epitaxy, wherein the transmissivity of the pyrolytic boron nitride container with respect to light having a wave number of 2600 cm−1 to 6500 cm−1 has a profile such that the transmissivity changes in the height direction of the container. The pyrolytic boron nitride container can be manufactured through a simple process and at low cost. The pyrolytic boron nitride container can prevent material melt from rising along the inner wall surface and prevent splashed material melt from adhering to the upper portion of the container. Further, the pyrolytic boron nitride container can stabilize molecular beam epitaxial growth and improve the quality of epitaxial film.