公开(公告)号：US06202577B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09458266

申请日：1999-12-09

Applicant: Anatoly Boguslavsky ,  Yuriy Rabiner

Inventor： Anatoly Boguslavsky ,  Yuriy Rabiner

IPC: F23G502

CPC classification number: C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/002 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G5/165 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/001 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/60 ,  F23G2201/70 ,  F23G2203/20 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2209/26

Abstract: A municipal or like refuse, from which large articles of metals have been removed, is mixed with an alkaline substance like limestone preferably in a triple screw mixer, and then advanced along the pyrolysis path in which the refuse mixture is subjected to heat from combustion gases from an incineration chamber therebelow. A portion of the pyrolyzed product is recycled to the upstream side of that path and the remainder of the pyrolyzed product is scrubbed with an aqueous medium, e.g. water and/or aqueous acetic acid and the washed pyrolyzed product is then incinerated to produce the combustion gas.

Abstract translation: 将大量金属物品从其中除去的市政或垃圾与优选在三螺杆混合器中的碱性物质如石灰石混合，然后沿着热解路径前进，其中垃圾混合物经受来自燃烧气体的热量 从下面的焚烧室。 热解产物的一部分再循环到该路径的上游侧，其余的热解产物用水性介质例如洗涤。 水和/或乙酸水溶液，然后将经洗涤的热解产物焚烧以产生燃烧气体。

公开(公告)号：US06176188B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US09351519

申请日：1999-07-12

Applicant: Paul H. Stevers ,  Roger D. Eshleman ,  Earl H. Sigman ,  John Kevin Pollard

Inventor： Paul H. Stevers ,  Roger D. Eshleman ,  Earl H. Sigman ,  John Kevin Pollard

IPC: F23B700

CPC classification number: F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G5/448 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2204/20 ,  F23G2206/20 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23G2207/101 ,  F23G2207/103 ,  F23G2209/20 ,  F23J1/06 ,  Y02E20/12

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling the hydrocarbon release rate during thermal processing of materials having a variable caloric content. The method includes the steps of (a) providing a first chamber for receiving successive batches of feed materials for thermal processing; (b) producing heat in the first chamber to pyrolyze the feed materials into fluid materials; (c) providing a second chamber, communicating with the first chamber, for receiving the fluid materials from the first chamber and for communicating the fluid materials to a discharge location; (d) producing heat in the second chamber to oxidize the fluid materials into discharge gases reaching the discharge location; (e) providing a jacketed vessel defining a coolant-fluid-containing channel surrounding the first and second chambers; (f) producing separate variable flows of primary and secondary air respectively into and through the first and second chambers; (g) sensing the temperatures in the first and second chambers; (h) sensing the temperature of the coolant in the jacketed vessel; (i) sensing the concentration of a preselected gas in the discharge gases. In response to the foregoing sensed parameters, controlling the primary and secondary flows of air into the first and second chambers so as to maintain the concentration of the preselected gas in the discharge gases at a preset target level, thereby generating substantially harmless discharge gases and producing substantially carbon-free residue ash. Also, in response to the sensed temperatures sensed and to the sensed concentration of the preselected gas, selectively stirring ash residue collected within the first chamber according to a predetermined pattern so as to maintain the concentration of the preselected gas in the discharge gases at a preset target level corresponding with the generation of substantially harmless discharge gases and production of substantially carbon-free residue ash.

公开(公告)号：US6116169A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

申请号：US212255

申请日：1998-12-16

Applicant: Norihisa Miyoshi ,  Shosaku Fujinami ,  Tetsuhisa Hirose ,  Masaaki Irie ,  Kazuo Takano ,  Takahiro Oshita

Inventor： Norihisa Miyoshi ,  Shosaku Fujinami ,  Tetsuhisa Hirose ,  Masaaki Irie ,  Kazuo Takano ,  Takahiro Oshita

IPC: F01K23/06 ,  F22B1/18 ,  F22B31/04 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F02G5/00 ,  F23G7/00

CPC classification number: F23G5/006 ,  F01K23/067 ,  F22B31/045 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F23J15/025 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2201/70 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2203/30 ,  F23J2215/30 ,  F23J2217/104 ,  F23J2219/10 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18

Abstract: In an improved system for recovering heat from a combustion gas produced by burning wastes, the combustion gas or combustible gas produced by partial burning of the wastes subjected to dust filtration in a temperature range of 450-650.degree. C. at a filtration velocity of 1-5 cm/sec under a pressure of from -5 kPa (gage) to 5 MPa before heat recovery is effected. The dust filtration is preferably performed using a filter medium which may or may not support a denitration catalyst. Heat recovery is preferably effected using a steam superheater. The dust-free gas may partly or wholly be reburnt with or without an auxiliary fuel to a sufficiently high temperature to permit heat recovery. The combustion furnace may be a gasifying furnace which, in turn, may be combined with a melting furnace. If desired, the reburning to a higher temperature may be performed under pressure and the obtained hot combustion gas is supplied to a gas turbine to generate electricity, followed by introduction of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine into a steam superheater for further heat recovery. The system can raise the temperature of superheated steam to a sufficient level to enhance the efficiency of power generation without possibility of corrosion of heat transfer pipes by the combustion gas or combustible gas.

Abstract translation: 在用于从燃烧废物产生的燃烧气体中回收热量的改进系统中，通过在过滤速度为1的450-650℃的温度范围内进行灰尘过滤的部分燃烧部分燃烧产生的燃烧气体或可燃气体 -5厘米/秒，压力为-5千帕（表压）至5MPa。 灰尘过滤优选使用可以或可以不支持脱硝催化剂的过滤介质进行。 热回收优选使用蒸汽过热器进行。 无尘气体可以部分或全部地被反燃，有或没有辅助燃料到足够高的温度以允许热回收。 燃烧炉可以是气化炉，其又可以与熔炉组合。 如果需要，可以在压力下进行再燃烧到更高的温度，并且将获得的热燃烧气体供应到燃气轮机以产生电力，然后将来自燃气轮机的废气引入蒸汽过热器中以进一步热回收。 该系统可以将过热蒸汽的温度升高到足够的水平，以提高发电效率，而不会由燃烧气体或可燃气体导致传热管的腐蚀。

公开(公告)号：US6101959A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US864818

申请日：1997-05-29

Applicant: Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Benjamin Doron ,  Daniel Goldman

Inventor： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Benjamin Doron ,  Daniel Goldman

IPC: F22B31/04 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23C10/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/12 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23K1/02 ,  F23N1/00 ,  F23D1/00

CPC classification number: F23K1/00 ,  F22B31/045 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23C10/002 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/12 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23N1/00 ,  F23N1/002 ,  F23C2900/99004 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/70 ,  F23G2203/502 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23G2207/101 ,  F23G2207/20 ,  F23G2207/40 ,  F23G2209/12 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2209/28 ,  F23G2209/281 ,  F23K2201/10 ,  F23K2201/501 ,  F23N2021/10 ,  F23N2025/10 ,  F23N2025/16 ,  F23N2037/08 ,  F23N2039/00 ,  Y02E20/12

Abstract: Oil shale having a relatively wide range of heating value is combusted by supplying the oil shale and a further fuel having a heating value greater than the heating value of the oil shale to a combustor. The oil shale is fed to the combustor at a substantially fixed rate, independently of the heating value of the oil shale, and the further fuel is fed to the combustor at a rate such that the heating value of the fuel in the combustor remains substantially constant in the face of variations in the heating value of the oil shale. Preferably, the temperature of combustion of the products of combustion is the parameter used to control the rate at which the further fuel is fed to the combustor.

Abstract translation: 通过将油页岩和具有大于油页岩的加热值的加热值的另外的燃料供给到燃烧器来燃烧具有相对宽的加热值范围的油页岩。 油页岩以基本上固定的速率被输送到燃烧器，与油页岩的热值无关，并且另外的燃料以使得燃烧器中的燃料的热值保持基本恒定的速率被供给到燃烧器 面对油页岩的发热值的变化。 优选地，燃烧产物的燃烧温度是用于控制进一步燃料进入燃烧器的速率的参数。

公开(公告)号：US6032591A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US15533

申请日：1998-01-29

Applicant: Jean-Xavier Morin ,  Jean-Pierre Peyrelongue

Inventor： Jean-Xavier Morin ,  Jean-Pierre Peyrelongue

IPC: F23G5/30 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C03B1/00 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C03B5/00 ,  C10B49/10 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23G5/02

CPC classification number: C03B5/005 ,  C03B1/00 ,  C03B3/02 ,  C10B49/10 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/601 ,  F23G2201/602 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2203/501 ,  F23G2206/00 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P40/53

Abstract: A refuse recycling system which recycles municipal waste as energy, includes a shredder for shredding the waste and removing rejects via a feed pipe to a circulating fluidized bed reactor, the reactor producing flue gases. The reactor includes a side dense fluidized bed situated on the wall of the reactor which is provided with the feed pipe, the side dense fluidized bed extracting non-fluidizable heavy elements and transporting them to a coarse-particle sorter apparatus via an extraction duct disposed at a base of the side dense fluidized bed. At least a portion of the rejects from the shredder is fed into the coarse-particle sorter apparatus. The coarse-particle sorter apparatus cools the elements and extracts non-fluidizable inert matter from the elements, the remaining matter being fed back into the reactor. A module for recovering energy and for treating the flue gases output by said reactor is connected downstream from the reactor.

Abstract translation: 回收城市废物作为能量的垃圾回收系统包括用于粉碎废物的粉碎机，并通过供给管道将废渣除去循环流化床反应器，反应器产生废气。 反应器包括位于反应器壁上的侧致密流化床，其设有进料管，侧密实流化床提取不可流化的重元素，并通过设置在 侧面稠密流化床的基部。 至少一部分来自粉碎机的废料被送入粗粒子分选机装置。 粗颗粒分选设备冷却元件并从元件中提取不可流化的惰性物质，剩余的物质被反馈回反应器中。 用于回收能量并用于处理由所述反应器输出的烟道气的模块连接在反应器的下游。

公开(公告)号：US6024032A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

申请号：US51910

申请日：1998-04-27

Applicant: John Ernest Elsom Sharpe

Inventor： John Ernest Elsom Sharpe

IPC: C10B31/06 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/66 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F27D3/00 ,  F27D3/04 ,  F27D3/08 ,  F23B7/00 ,  F23B5/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/30 ,  C10B31/06 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/66 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F27D3/0033 ,  F27D3/04 ,  F27D3/08 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  Y10S48/04

Abstract: A process for the production of heat energy from solid carbonaceous fuels is disclosed which comprises subjecting the carbonaceous fuel to substantially anaerobic pyrolysis in at least one first zone and thereafter transferring the char resulting from the pyrolysis to a second zone which is segregated from the first zone or zones. The char is subjected to gasification in the second zone by introduction of primary combustion air, optionally with steam and/or recycled exhaust gas. The off gases from the second zone and the pyrolysis gases from the first zone or zones are thereafter subjected to secondary combustion and the first zone or zones is heated by heat derived from the secondary combustion. Ash is removed from the bottom of the second zone.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 02169 Sec。 371日期：1998年4月27日 102（e）日期1998年4月27日PCT 1996年10月25日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 15641 日期1997年5月1日公开了一种用于从固体碳质燃料生产热能的方法，其包括使碳质燃料在至少一个第一区域中基本上厌氧热解，然后将由热解产生的焦炭转移到分离的第二区域 从第一个区域或区域。 通过引入初级燃烧空气，任选地具有蒸汽和/或再循环废气，在第二区域中对炭进行气化。 然后来自第二区域的废气和来自第一区域的热解气体经受二次燃烧，并且第一区域或区域被来自二次燃烧的热量加热。 灰从第二区的底部移除。

公开(公告)号：US6001144A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US124578

申请日：1998-07-29

Applicant: Yoshiyuki Takeuchi ,  Akira Satou

Inventor： Yoshiyuki Takeuchi ,  Akira Satou

IPC: F23G5/027 ,  F23L7/00 ,  C10L3/00

CPC classification number: F23L7/005 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2209/28

Abstract: A process of gasifying waste containing organic substances which may be combusted or gasified by means of partial oxidation in the presence of air or oxygen and steam. The gasification process includes the step of adjusting the molar ratio of steam/carbon (H.sub.2 O/C) for supplied steam and the organic substances containing carbon to a desired ratio. The process continues with partial oxidation at about 700.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. and discontinuing the steam supply while continuing only air or oxygen supply to combust the remaining combustibles having carbon as their major component.

Abstract translation: 在空气或氧气和蒸汽的存在下，通过部分氧化可燃烧或气化的含有有机物质的废气的气化过程。 气化方法包括将所供给的蒸汽的蒸汽/碳（H 2 O / C）与含有碳的有机物质的摩尔比调节至所需比例的步骤。 该过程在约700℃至约900℃下继续部分氧化，并且在不间断地供应空气或氧气的同时停止蒸汽供应，以燃烧具有碳为主要成分的剩余可燃物。

公开(公告)号：US5771818A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-30

申请号：US650297

申请日：1996-05-20

Applicant: Shuji Tada ,  Jun Aoki

Inventor： Shuji Tada ,  Jun Aoki

IPC: F23G5/08 ,  F23G5/12 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/44 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G5/00

CPC classification number: F23G5/50 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G5/12 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/448 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23G2205/101 ,  F23G2205/123 ,  F23G2209/20 ,  F23G2900/54401

Abstract: A waste disposal device having a wall structure defining an incineration space, a torch assembly separate from the wall structure, and first structure cooperating between the torch assembly and wall structure for maintaining the torch assembly in an operative position on the wall structure. The torch assembly has a torch for generating heat in the incineration space with the torch assembly in the operative position. The torch assembly further has second structure for circulating a cooling liquid in heat exchange relationship with the torch assembly, independently of the wall structure, to thereby effect cooling of the torch assembly. In one form, the torch assembly is removably maintained in the operative position on the wall structure.

Abstract translation: 一种具有限定焚化空间的壁结构，与壁结构分开的炬组件以及与炬组件和壁结构相配合的第一结构的废物处置装置，用于将炬组件保持在壁结构上的操作位置。 手电筒组件具有用于在焚烧空间中产生热量的割炬，其中割炬组件处于操作位置。 割炬组件还具有第二结构，用于与割炬组件的热交换关系循环冷却液体，与壁结构无关，从而实现焊炬组件的冷却。 在一种形式中，手电筒组件可移除地保持在壁结构上的操作位置。

公开(公告)号：US5571490A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US197551

申请日：1994-02-17

Applicant: Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Benjamin Doron

Inventor： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Benjamin Doron

IPC: C01F11/46 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G7/05 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C01B7/00 ,  F23J11/00

CPC classification number: C01F11/464 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G7/05 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2900/7013 ,  Y02E20/12

Abstract: High sulfur content fuel is combusted in the presence of oil shale containing significant amounts of calcium carbonate so that the sulfur and calcium carbonate oxidize and react to form calcium sulfate particulate which captures the sulfur and in the fuel and prevents its release to the atmosphere.

Abstract translation: 在含有大量碳酸钙的油页岩存在下，高硫含量的燃料燃烧，使得硫和碳酸钙氧化并反应形成硫酸钙颗粒，其捕获硫和燃料并阻止其释放到大气中。

公开(公告)号：US5420394A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US987946

申请日：1992-12-09

Applicant: Roger D. Eshleman

Inventor： Roger D. Eshleman

IPC: F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/10 ,  H05B3/64 ,  F27D1/02

CPC classification number: H05B3/64 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G5/10 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304

Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing including an outer wall having a substantially figure eight configuration, a plurality of upper inner walls disposed inside of the outer wall and being spaced apart and having substantially concentric cylindrical configurations, and a lower inner wall disposed inside of the outer wall and disposed below the upper inner walls. The upper inner walls define an upper airtight vessel, while the lower inner wall defines a lower airtight vessel containing a material processing chamber. The outer wall and upper and lower inner walls also define a channel therebetween surrounding the upper and lower vessels for containing a flow of coolant fluid. Also, a heat exchanger is defined by the upper airtight vessel and the portion of the channel defined by the outer wall and upper inner concentrical walls. The heat exchanger is disposed above and connected in flow communication with the material processing chamber in the lower vessel. The apparatus also includes a heater unit for heating a material in the material processing chamber. The heater unit includes a plurality of elongated electric heating elements extending in generally parallel relation to one another and being operable for emitting heat radiation and a mounting structure which mounts the electric heating elements through spaced side portions of the outer wall and lower inner wall of the casing so as to extend across the material processing chamber in an orientation positioned intermediately between vertical and horizontal orientations.

Abstract translation: 一种材料处理装置，包括：外壳，其具有基本上为八角形的外壁;多个上内壁，其设置在所述外壁的内部，并且间隔开并具有基本同心的圆柱形构造;以及下内壁， 外壁，并设置在上内壁的下方。 上部内壁限定了上部密封容器，而下部内壁限定了包含材料处理室的下部气密容器。 外壁和上下壁内壁还限定了围绕上部和下部容器的通道，用于容纳冷却剂流体流。 而且，热交换器由上密封容器和由外壁和上内同心壁限定的通道的部分限定。 热交换器设置在下容器中的材料处理室的上方并与之连通。 该装置还包括用于加热材料处理室中的材料的加热器单元。 加热器单元包括多个细长的电加热元件，其大致平行地彼此延伸并且可操作以发射热辐射;以及安装结构，该安装结构通过外壁的外壁和下内壁的间隔侧部分安装电加热元件 壳体，以便在垂直和水平取向之间定位的方向上延伸穿过材料处理室。