摘要:
A surface emitting laser includes an n-side multilayered reflection film and an active layer which are formed on a substrate. On the active layer, a mesa region is formed by sequentially stacking an AlGaAs current blocking layer, a p-side multilayered reflection film, a p-type contact layer and the like. A groove is formed to separate the mesa region from an outside region. The mesa region and the outside region are connected to each other with a beam portion provided in the groove. A reflection film with a high Al composition ratio in the p-side multilayered reflection film in the beam portion is completely oxidized, and thus has a high resistance.
摘要:
A mapping block locates the own vehicle and another vehicle on a map DB. Another-vehicle intersection detecting block detects intersections located on a traveling path of another vehicle. An own-vehicle intersection detecting block detects intersections located in front of the own vehicle. A collision-intersection identifying block identifies an intersection that is identical to each other as the possible collision intersection by comparing the intersections detected. An information providing block conducts information provision based on calculations of an arriving time of another vehicle by using a distance to the possible collision intersection and a vehicle speed. Accordingly, the collision possibility with another vehicle can be accurately determined.
摘要:
A substrate 1 for growing nitride semiconductor has a first and second face and has a thermal expansion coefficient that is larger than that of the nitride semiconductor. At least n-type nitride semiconductor layers 3 to 5, an active layer 6 and p-type nitride semiconductor layers 7 to 8 are laminated to form a stack of nitride semiconductor on the first face of the substrate 1. A first bonding layer including more than one metal layer is formed on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer 8. A supporting substrate having a first and second face has a thermal expansion coefficient that is larger than that of the nitride semiconductor and is equal or smaller than that of the substrate 1 for growing nitride semiconductor. A second bonding layer including more than one metal layer is formed on the first face of the supporting substrate. The first bonding layer 9 and the second bonding layer 11 are faced with each other and, then, pressed with heat to bond together. After that, the substrate 1 for growing nitride semiconductor is removed from the stack of nitride semiconductor so that a nitride semiconductor device is provided.
摘要:
An opposed terminal structure including a supporting substrate, a first terminal, a nitride semiconductor with a light-emitting layer, and a second terminal. The second terminal forms an opposed terminal structure with the first terminal, which can be formed in a variety of patterns.
摘要:
A distribution management system includes an output terminal and a distribution management apparatus that manages distribution of items routed through distribution points in a predetermined order and transported to destinations, and determines, for each item delivery request, from which distribution point, items in stock should be allocated. The apparatus stores stock information indicating a quantity of currently and/or prospectively allocatable items, receives a delivery request, including a delivery time limit, to have specified items delivered, and judges whether an immediate delivery is indicated. The apparatus selects, (i) if judged in the affirmative, the last distribution point before the destination as an allocation point when it has allocatable articles in stock, and (ii) if judged in the negative, selects a distribution point other than the last distribution point as the allocation point when it has allocatable articles in stock, and transmits information indicating the allocation point to the output terminal.
摘要:
A non-fixing type image receiving sheet to which toner particles are made adhere in a removable manner and an image forming apparatus. The image receiving sheet has a large number of concave portions accepting toner particles and a large number of convex portions protecting toner particles are formed on a surface of the image receiving sheet. The image forming apparatus has a sheet charging apparatus which charges the surface of the image receiving sheet to a polarity opposite to a charged polarity of toner particles, in advance of a transferring process.
摘要:
A picture image forming apparatus including a photoreceptor belt driven by a drive device, a plurality of developing devices for forming toner picture images on the photoreceptor belt, an intermediate transfer device, to a surface of which toner picture images on the photoreceptor belt are overlappingly transferred plural times when a picture image is to be formed on a single page, and a transfer roller for pushing a sheet against the intermediate transfer device in order to transfer toner picture images to the sheet. The intermediate transfer device is an intermediate transfer belt contacted by the photoreceptor belt to be driven thereby. A photoreceptor-side roller enables contact of the intermediate transfer belt and the photoreceptor belt, and the intermediate transfer belt is trained around the photoreceptor-side roller and a transfer-side roller for pushing the sheet against the transfer roller. A diameter d2 of the transfer-side roller is smaller than a diameter d1 of the photoreceptor-side roller.
摘要:
An image forming system including multiple photoconductors arranged in a line extending in a vertical direction and forming one body as one unit, and multiple development devices and multiple exposure devices arranged on one side of the line of the multiple photoconductors. An image is transferred to a recording medium on an other side of the line of the multiple photoconductors.
摘要:
An image forming system having multiple photoconductors arranged in a line and forming one body as one unit, multiple development devices and multiple exposure devices arranged on one side of the line of the multiple photoconductors, an intermediate transfer device arranged on the other side of the line of the multiple photoconductors and a form cassette arranged below the line of the multiple photoconductors. The image forming system further includes a transfer device and a fusing device arranged at an opposite side of the intermediate transfer device with respect to the line of the multiple photoconductors.
摘要:
An electrophotographic imaging apparatus includes a toner image holding body, a transcription unit for transcribing the toner image on the toner image holding body onto a recording medium, and a conveyor for conveying a recording medium toward the toner image holding body and transcription unit. A judging device will judge whether printing is of a first page or not and if it is decided that printing is to be performed on a first page, a first measuring device will measure the electrical characteristic of the toner image holding body prior to the feeding of a recording medium and a transcription voltage will be set depending of this measured result. Thereafter, the recording medium will be conveyed toward the transcription unit where the electrical characteristics of the non-printing region on the recording medium will be measured via a second measuring device and the transcription voltage will be further adjusted. If it is judged that the recording sheet is not the first sheet, only the second measuring and adjusting will be performed. In this manner, transcribing of a toner image can always be performed regardless of the kind of paper being used and/or changes in the environment (temperature, humidity) and a high transcribing efficiency can be attained.