Abstract:
Described is a method for purging a fluid channel is a low pressure gradient formation liquid flow system. Control of the fluid channels for multiple solvents allows for one or more static volumes of solvents not intended for use in an isocratic flow to be purged from their fluid channels to avoid contamination of the isocratic solvent. Advantageously, the method avoids the need to modify equipment or to reconfigure a pumping system so that the inlet is directly coupled to a single solvent source. Thus there is no need to bypass existing valves and liquid coupling components where solvents are combined during conventional gradient operation.
Abstract:
An interface for a mass spectrometer system is provided. The interface can include an inner ceramic tube fabricated from a first ceramic material and an outer tube fabricated from a second ceramic material surrounding the inner ceramic tube. The inner ceramic tube can have high electrical resistivity and high thermal conductivity and the intermediate ceramic tube can have an electrical resistivity that is at least an order of magnitude higher than the electrical resistivity of the first ceramic material and a thermal conductivity that is at least an order of magnitude higher than the thermal conductivity of the first ceramic material.
Abstract:
An apparatus for performing liquid chromatography includes a chromatography column, and an insulating member surrounding the chromatography column wherein the insulating member is formed from a vacuum chamber surrounding the chromatography column. Another apparatus for performing liquid chromatography includes a chromatography column, and an insulating member surrounding the chromatography column, wherein the insulating member includes aerogel. Also described is a method of insulating a chromatography column comprising forming a jacket surrounding the chromatography column, and creating a vacuum chamber in an area between the jacket and the chromatography column.
Abstract:
An apparatus includes a vibration element defining a fluidic passageway; an excitation element for exciting vibration of the vibration element; a detector for providing a signal representative of the frequency excited; and control electronics configured to determine a density of a fluid flowing through the fluidic passageway based, at least in part, on the signal provided by the detector. The vibration element is configured such that Coriolis force induced twisting of the vibration element is substantially inhibited.
Abstract:
An ion detector comprises a surface configured to receive one or more ions and a detector configured to detect one or more ions by detecting electromagnetic radiation scattered by one or more ions at the surface.
Abstract:
Described is a method for purging a fluid channel is a low pressure gradient formation liquid flow system. Control of the fluid channels for multiple solvents allows for one or more static volumes of solvents not intended for use in an isocratic flow to be purged from their fluid channels to avoid contamination of the isocratic solvent. Advantageously, the method avoids the need to modify equipment or to reconfigure a pumping system so that the inlet is directly coupled to a single solvent source. Thus there is no need to bypass existing valves and liquid coupling components where solvents are combined during conventional gradient operation.
Abstract:
Described is a mobile phase solvent delivery module for liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography systems. The module includes a pump disposed in a fluid path that conducts a mobile phase solvent. The pump provides the mobile phase solvent at an increased pressure. The module also includes a purification cartridge disposed in the fluid path either before or after the pump. The purification cartridge has an inlet to receive the mobile phase solvent and an outlet to provide a purified mobile phase solvent, and includes a packing material for removing an impurity from the mobile phase solvent. In various embodiments, the module also includes one or more additional components to allow various techniques for regeneration or replacement of spent purification cartridges. For example, the module may also include one or more of a temperature control module, a fluidic switch and one or more additional purification cartridges.
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein relate to improved devices and techniques for measuring the charge carried by analyte particles. The charge may be measured in a way that does not destroy the analyte, so that the analyte remains available for further analysis. The charged analyte particles may pass through (or by) an electrode. In doing so, they induce a counter charge on that electrode which can be detected electronically. Subsequent to their passage through that electrode, the particles can be collected on a substrate or may pass in real-time into a mass spectrometer. In some embodiments, both conventional destructive detection and nondestructive detection may both be present in an improved charged aerosol detector and the stream of charged particles may be directed to one or the other by a suitable redirector. Embodiments may be combined with light scattering analysis to provide further non-destructive analysis. Various combinations of these improvements are also described.
Abstract:
A method of mass spectrometry is disclosed comprising focusing electromagnetic radiation into a region of a liquid sample 3 below a surface of the liquid sample so as to generate one or more bubbles 4. The one or more bubbles 4 rise to the surface of the liquid whereupon one or more droplets of liquid 6 are emitted from the surface of the liquid sample. The method further comprises directing the one or more emitted droplets 6 towards an inlet of a mass spectrometer 8.