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    Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor
    24.
    发明授权
    Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor 失效
    微型治疗执行器及其释放机制

    公开(公告)号：US6059815A

    公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

    申请号：US67824

    申请日：1998-04-28

    申请人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Joseph P. Fitch ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    发明人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Joseph P. Fitch ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    IPC分类号： A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/12 ,  A61M25/16 ,  A61B17/28

    CPC分类号： A61B17/1214 ,  A61B17/12022 ,  A61B2017/00867 ,  A61B2017/00871 ,  A61B2017/12068 ,  A61B2017/12077

    摘要： Microfabricated therapeutic actuators are fabricated using a shape memory polymer (SMP), a polyurethane-based material that undergoes a phase transformation at a specified temperature (Tg). At a temperature above temperature Tg material is soft and can be easily reshaped into another configuration. As the temperature is lowered below temperature Tg the new shape is fixed and locked in as long as the material stays below temperature Tg. Upon reheating the material to a temperature above Tg, the material will return to its original shape. By the use of such SMP material, SMP microtubing can be used as a retaining/release actuator for the delivery of material, such as embolic coils, for example, through catheters into aneurysms, for example. The microtubing can be manufactured in various sizes and the phase change temperature Tg is determinate for an intended temperature target and intended use. The SMP microtubing can be positioned around or within an end of a deposit material. Various heating arrangements can be utilized with the SMP release mechanism, and the SMP microtubing can include a metallic coating for enhanced light absorption.

    摘要翻译： 使用形状记忆聚合物（SMP），在特定温度（Tg）下经历相变的基于聚氨酯的材料制造微制剂治疗致动器。 在高于温度的温度下，Tg材料是柔软的并且可以容易地重塑成另一种构型。 当温度降低到温度Tg以下时，只要材料保持低于温度Tg，新形状就会被固定和锁定。 将材料重新加热至高于Tg的温度时，材料将恢复到原来的形状。 通过使用这种SMP材料，SMP微管可用作用于例如通过导管穿入动脉瘤等物质输送的保持/释放致动器。 微管可以以各种尺寸制造，相变温度Tg对于预期的温度目标和预期用途是确定的。 SMP微管可以定位在沉积材料的周围或内部。 SMP释放机构可以使用各种加热装置，并且SMP微管可以包括用于增强光吸收的金属涂层。

    Microfabricated instrument for tissue biopsy and analysis
    25.
    发明授权
    Microfabricated instrument for tissue biopsy and analysis 失效
    用于组织活检和分析的微型仪器

    公开(公告)号：US5985217A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

    申请号：US895786

    申请日：1997-07-17

    申请人： Peter A. Krulevitch ,  Abraham P. Lee ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  William J. Benett

    发明人： Peter A. Krulevitch ,  Abraham P. Lee ,  M. Allen Northrup ,  William J. Benett

    IPC分类号： G01N1/06 ,  G01N1/31 ,  B01L11/00

    CPC分类号： G01N1/31 ,  G01N1/06 ,  Y10T83/222 ,  Y10T83/9493

    摘要： A microfabricated biopsy/histology instrument which has several advantages over the conventional procedures, including minimal specimen handling, smooth cutting edges with atomic sharpness capable of slicing very thin specimens (approximately 2 .mu.m or greater), micro-liter volumes of chemicals for treating the specimens, low cost, disposable, fabrication process which renders sterile parts, and ease of use. The cutter is a "cheese-grater" style design comprising a block or substrate of silicon and which uses anisotropic etching of the silicon to form extremely sharp and precise cutting edges. As a specimen is cut, it passes through the silicon cutter and lies flat on a piece of glass which is bonded to the cutter. Microchannels are etched into the glass or silicon substrates for delivering small volumes of chemicals for treating the specimen. After treatment, the specimens can be examined through the glass substrate. For automation purposes, microvalves and micropumps may be incorporated. Also, specimens in parallel may be cut and treated with identical or varied chemicals. The instrument is disposable due to its low cost and thus could replace current expensive microtome and histology equipment.

    摘要翻译： 微生物活检/组织学仪器具有优于常规方法的几个优点，包括最小的样品处理，具有能够切割非常薄的样品（约2微米或更大）的原子清晰度的平滑切割边缘，微量体积的用于处理 标本，低成本，一次性，制造过程，使无菌部件和易于使用。 切割器是包括硅块或硅衬底的“干酪磨”式设计，其使用硅的各向异性蚀刻来形成非常清晰和精确的切割边缘。 当样品被切割时，它通过硅切割器并且平坦地放置在粘合到切割器上的一块玻璃上。 将微通道蚀刻到玻璃或硅衬底中，用于递送少量用于处理样品的化学品。 处理后，可以通过玻璃基板检查样品。 为了自动化，可以并入微阀和微型泵。 此外，可以用相同或不同的化学物质来切割并处理标本。 该仪器由于成本低，因此可以替代当前昂贵的切片机和组织学设备。

    Micromachined electrostatic vertical actuator
    26.
    发明授权
    Micromachined electrostatic vertical actuator 失效
    微机械静电垂直执行器

    公开(公告)号：US5969848A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

    申请号：US888000

    申请日：1997-07-03

    申请人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Gary E. Sommargren ,  Charles F. McConaghy ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    发明人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Gary E. Sommargren ,  Charles F. McConaghy ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    IPC分类号： G01Q60/00 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G02B26/08

    CPC分类号： G02B26/06

    摘要： A micromachined vertical actuator utilizing a levitational force, such as in electrostatic comb drives, provides vertical actuation that is relatively linear in actuation for control, and can be readily combined with parallel plate capacitive position sensing for position control. The micromachined electrostatic vertical actuator provides accurate movement in the sub-micron to micron ranges which is desirable in the phase modulation instrument, such as optical phase shifting. For example, compact, inexpensive, and position controllable micromirrors utilizing an electrostatic vertical actuator can replace the large, expensive, and difficult-to-maintain piezoelectric actuators. A thirty pound piezoelectric actuator with corner cube reflectors, as utilized in a phase shifting diffraction interferometer can be replaced with a micromirror and a lens. For any very precise and small amplitudes of motion` micromachined electrostatic actuation may be used because it is the most compact in size, with low power consumption and has more straightforward sensing and control options.

    摘要翻译： 利用悬浮力的微机械垂直致动器，例如在静电梳状驱动器中，提供垂直致动，其在用于控制的致动中相对线性，并且可以容易地与用于位置控制的平行板电容位置感测组合。 微机械静电垂直致动器在相位调制仪器中所需的亚微米到微米范围内的精确移动，例如光学相移。 例如，使用静电垂直致动器的紧凑的，便宜的和位置可控的微镜可取代大型，昂贵且难以维持的压电致动器。 如在相移衍射干涉仪中使用的具有角立方反射器的三十磅压电致动器可以用微镜和透镜代替。 对于任何非常精确和小幅度的运动，可以使用微加工静电致动，因为它是尺寸最小，功耗最小，并且具有更直接的感测和控制选项。