公开(公告)号：US07867297B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-11

申请号：US11501652

申请日：2006-08-09

申请人： Tadao Yamamoto ,  Naotomo Miyamoto ,  Masaharu Shioya

发明人： Tadao Yamamoto ,  Naotomo Miyamoto ,  Masaharu Shioya

IPC分类号： B01J7/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  C01D7/00 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J14/00 ,  A62D3/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1076 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1288 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  Y02P20/128

摘要： A reactor comprising, a low-temperature reaction part which causes reaction of a reactant, a high-temperature reaction part which causes reaction of the reactant at higher temperature than that of the low-temperature reaction part, a high-temperature reaction part heating element which heats high-temperature reaction part, and a wire which is connected to the high-temperature reaction part heating element and is wired to the low-temperature reaction part.

摘要翻译： 一种反应器，包括使反应物反应的低温反应部分，使反应物在比所述低温反应部件高的温度下反应的高温反应部分，高温反应部分加热元件 其加热高温反应部分和连接到高温反应部分加热元件并连接到低温反应部分的线。

公开(公告)号：US20100319253A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-23

申请号：US12867398

申请日：2009-02-04

申请人： Erwin Schmidbauer

发明人： Erwin Schmidbauer

IPC分类号： C10J3/54 ,  C10J3/56

CPC分类号： C10G1/002 ,  C10B49/22 ,  C10B53/06 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G11/05 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/16 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1637 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K3/023 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： A process for refining raw materials containing oil and/or bitumen includes supplying water and the raw materials to an expulsion stage and/or an expulsion stage and a downstream gasification stage to obtain solids containing non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons and to expel hydrocarbonaceous vapour. The expelled hydrocarbonaceous vapour is supplied to a processing stage and is further processed to expel hydrocarbonaceous vapour to obtain processing stage products which are separated and withdrawn. The solids from the expulsion stage and/or the expulsion stage and the downstream gasification stage are introduced into a combustion stage. The non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons are burned in the combustion stage to obtain hot solids which are recirculated from the combustion stage into the expulsion stage and/or the downstream gasification stage. An oxidizing atmosphere of the combustion stage is separated from an atmosphere of the expulsion stage and/or the downstream gasification stage using a blocking device.

摘要翻译： 用于精炼含有油和/或沥青的原料的方法包括将水和原料供应到排出阶段和/或排出阶段和下游气化阶段，以获得含有重质烃的非蒸发馏分的固体并排出含烃蒸气 。 将排出的含烃蒸气供应到处理阶段，并进一步处理以排出含烃蒸气以获得分离和抽出的处理阶段产物。 来自排出阶段和/或排出阶段和下游气化阶段的固体被引入燃烧阶段。 重质烃的非蒸发馏分在燃烧阶段被燃烧以获得从燃烧阶段再循环到排出阶段和/或下游气化阶段的热固体。 使用阻挡装置将燃烧阶段的氧化气氛与排出阶段和/或下游气化阶段的气氛分离。

公开(公告)号：US07752845B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-13

申请号：US12006418

申请日：2008-01-02

申请人： Robert Paul Johnson

发明人： Robert Paul Johnson

IPC分类号： F01K13/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54

CPC分类号： F01D15/10 ,  B01J15/005 ,  B01J19/127 ,  B01J19/1806 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0886 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/086 ,  F03G6/065 ,  G06Q50/06 ,  H02K7/1823 ,  Y02E10/46 ,  Y02P20/134

摘要： A synchronous reaction cell, rotating as a unit, disassociates hydrogen from water, traps and filters hydrogen, mixes and pressurizes hydrogen and ingested carbon, hydrogenates carbon by surface catalysis, isolates and exhausts liquid hydrocarbon products above a desired density, recirculates gaseous products for further reaction, and expands steam through a turbine to produce rotation and turn an electrical generator. Solar energy focused by heliostats is one means of supplying process heat. Burning natural gas or another fossil fuel in oxygen freed by the disassociation of water provides alternative sources of heat. The reaction cell has a vertical axis-of-rotation making it conducive to mounting on a tower disposed at the center of an array of heliostats. The rotating reaction cell has a large, cylindrical heat-absorbing surface. Electrical output might be used to aim heliostats. Excess electrical generation might be added to the local electrical grid and sold for its value.

摘要翻译： 作为一个单元旋转的同步反应池将氢气从水中分离出来，捕获和过滤氢气，混合和加压氢气和摄取的碳，通过表面催化将碳氢化，使液体烃产物分离和排出高于所需密度，再循环气态产物进一步 反应并且通过涡轮膨胀蒸汽以产生旋转并转动发电机。 定日镜集中的太阳能是提供过程热量的一种手段。 燃烧的天然气或另一种化石燃料在通过水分解释放的氧气中提供了替代的热源。 反应池具有垂直的旋转轴线，使其有利于安装在设置在定日镜阵列的中心的塔架上。 旋转反应池具有大的圆柱形吸热表面。 电气输出可能用于瞄准定日镜。 过多的发电可能被添加到本地电网并以其价值出售。

公开(公告)号：US07736404B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-15

申请号：US12604157

申请日：2009-10-22

申请人： Curtiss Renn

发明人： Curtiss Renn

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J7/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/06 ,  B01J23/70 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54

CPC分类号： C01B3/501 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J23/06 ,  B01J23/26 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  C01B3/326 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/1076 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0631 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： Methanol steam reforming catalysts, and steam reformers and fuel cell systems incorporating the same. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes zinc oxide as an active component. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst further includes at least one of chromium oxide and calcium aluminate. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not pyrophoric. Similarly, in some embodiments, steam reformers including a reforming catalyst according to the present disclosure may include an air-permeable or air-accessible reforming catalyst bed. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not reduced during use. In some embodiments, the methanol reforming catalysts are not active at temperatures below 275° C. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes a sulfur-absorbent material. Steam reformers, reforming systems, fuel cell systems and methods of using the reforming catalysts are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US07722690B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-25

申请号：US11781328

申请日：2007-07-23

申请人： Philip Shires ,  Nicola Salazar ,  Siva Ariyapadi

发明人： Philip Shires ,  Nicola Salazar ,  Siva Ariyapadi

IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  B01J7/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  B01J8/18 ,  F27B15/00

CPC分类号： C07C29/1518 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/0294 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/045 ,  C01B2203/046 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/061 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/063 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/068 ,  C01B2203/1252 ,  C07C41/01 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1668 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1678 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/02 ,  C10K1/143 ,  C10K1/16 ,  C10K1/165 ,  C10K1/20 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10K3/04 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E50/18 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  C07C43/043 ,  C07C31/04

摘要： A process for producing electrical power, chemicals, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen is provided. One or more feedstocks and one or more oxidants can be combined in a fluidized reaction zone heated to a temperature from about 1050° F. to about 1900° F. to provide a synthesis gas comprising carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the synthesis gas can be used as a fuel source for one or more turbines to drive one or more electrical generators. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the synthesis gas can be introduced to one or more gas converters to provide methanol, alkyl formates, dimethyl ether, ammonia, Fischer-Tropsch products, derivatives thereof or combinations thereof.

摘要翻译： 提供了生产电力，化学品，二氧化碳和氢的方法。 一种或多种原料和一种或多种氧化剂可以在加热至约1050°F至约1900°F的温度的流化反应区中组合，以提供包含二氧化碳，一氧化碳和氢气的合成气。 在一个或多个实施例中，合成气的至少一部分可以用作一个或多个涡轮机的燃料源，以驱动一个或多个发电机。 在一个或多个实施方案中，可将至少一部分合成气引入一种或多种气体转化器以提供甲醇，甲酸烷基酯，二甲醚，氨，费 - 托产物，其衍生物或其组合。

公开(公告)号：US07691160B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-06

申请号：US11282232

申请日：2005-11-17

申请人： John E. Kirwan ,  Francois Ravenda

发明人： John E. Kirwan ,  Francois Ravenda

IPC分类号： B01J7/00 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J35/02 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54

CPC分类号： C01B3/386 ,  B01J8/0438 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00646 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  B01J2208/00849 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  B01J2219/1923 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  B01J2219/1947 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1614 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： In one embodiment, a fuel reformer can comprise: a mixing zone capable of mixing a fuel and an oxidant to form a fuel mixture and a reforming zone disposed downstream of the mixing zone. The reforming zone comprises a primary substrate and a secondary substrate. The primary substrate is disposed upstream of the secondary substrate and has a primary thermal mass that is greater than a secondary thermal mass of the secondary substrate. One embodiment of a method for operating a fuel reformer can comprise: mixing an oxidant and a fuel to form a fuel mixture, combusting the fuel mixture, heating the secondary substrate above its light-off temperature, changing an air to fuel ratio of the fuel mixture to a reforming mixture, producing an exotherm and a reformate at the secondary substrate, heating a primary substrate with the exotherm to above its light-off temperature, and producing a reformate.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，燃料重整器可以包括：能够混合燃料和氧化剂以形成燃料混合物的混合区域和设置在混合区域下游的重整区域。 重整区包括初级衬底和次级衬底。 主衬底设置在次级衬底的上游，并且具有大于次级衬底的次级热质量的初级热质量。 用于操作燃料重整器的方法的一个实施例可以包括：将氧化剂和燃料混合以形成燃料混合物，燃烧燃料混合物，将次级基体加热到高于其关闭温度，改变燃料的空气/燃料比 混合物至重整混合物，在二次基材上产生放热和重整产物，将放热的初级基体加热至其起燃温度以上，并制备重整油。

公开(公告)号：US07637970B1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

申请号：US10891243

申请日：2004-07-14

申请人： Edward P. Fox ,  Dennis W. Keppers ,  Daniel M. Barrett ,  Larry L. Holt ,  Edward A. Bullerdiek ,  James H. Miller

发明人： Edward P. Fox ,  Dennis W. Keppers ,  Daniel M. Barrett ,  Larry L. Holt ,  Edward A. Bullerdiek ,  James H. Miller

IPC分类号： B01J7/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/1638 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： An apparatus and method for recovering and recycling hydrogen from a reforming process raises the pressure of at least one hydrogen-rich gas stream from at least one catalyst lock hopper and delivers at least a portion of the pressurized hydrogen-rich gas stream to at least one predetermined downstream location. At least another portion of the pressurized hydrogen-rich gas is used to maintain the desired pressure within the hydrogen recovery and recycling process and apparatus.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从重整过程中回收和再循环氢气的装置和方法使来自至少一个催化剂闭锁料斗的至少一个富氢气流的压力升高，并将至少一部分加压富氢气流输送至至少一个 预定的下游位置。 加压富氢气体的至少另一部分用于在氢气回收和再循环过程和装置内维持所需的压力。

公开(公告)号：US07569086B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-04

申请号：US11409837

申请日：2006-04-24

申请人： Ravi Chandran

发明人： Ravi Chandran

IPC分类号： B01J7/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  F28D13/00 ,  B01J8/18 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F27B15/14 ,  F27B15/16

CPC分类号： F27B15/02 ,  C10B47/24 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/56 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1261 ,  F27B15/10 ,  F27B15/14 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： A fluid bed reactor is configured to process a reactive material to form one or more products. The reactor includes a reaction vessel defining a compartment configured to receive the reactive material. A first cluster of heating conduits at least partially occupies the compartment and extends over a first vertical extent within the compartment. A second cluster of heating conduits partially occupies the compartment and extends over a second vertical extent within the compartment. The first cluster of heating conduits is vertically below the second cluster of heating conduits and spaced apart therefrom by a first separation distance. Feedstock inlets are configured to introduce the reactive material into a region that is vertically between the first and second clusters of heating conduits. The heating conduits in the first cluster have a first thickness while the heating conduits in the second cluster have a second thickness. The first separation distance is at least as great as the smaller of the first and second thicknesses.

摘要翻译： 流化床反应器被配置为处理反应性材料以形成一种或多种产物。 反应器包括限定被配置为接收反应性材料的室的反应容器。 第一组加热管道至少部分地占据隔室并且在隔室内延伸超过第一垂直范围。 第二组加热导管部分地占据隔室并且在隔间内延伸超过第二垂直范围。 第一组加热导管垂直地位于第二组加热导管之下并与之隔开第一间隔距离。 原料入口构造成将反应性物质引入垂直于第一和第二组加热管道之间的区域。 第一组中的加热导管具有第一厚度，而第二组中的加热导管具有第二厚度。 第一分隔距离至少与第一和第二厚度中的较小者一样大。

公开(公告)号：US07534276B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-19

申请号：US10715757

申请日：2003-11-18

申请人： William Robert Licht ,  Shankar Nataraj ,  Xiang-Dong Peng ,  John Michael Repasky

发明人： William Robert Licht ,  Shankar Nataraj ,  Xiang-Dong Peng ,  John Michael Repasky

IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  B01D45/00 ,  B01D46/00 ,  B01D47/00 ,  B01D53/00 ,  B01D57/00 ,  B03C3/00

CPC分类号： C10K1/02 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/049 ,  C01B2203/0838 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/06 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10K3/003

摘要： A system is set forth for the exothermic generation of soot depleted syngas comprising (i) reacting a hydrocarbon-containing fuel with an oxygen containing gas in a first reactor to produce the syngas and byproducts comprising CO2, H2O and soot; and (ii) introducing the syngas and byproducts into a second reactor containing a non-carbonaceous material that traps the soot for a sufficient time such that the majority of the byproduct soot is gasified via reaction with the byproduct CO2 and/or H2O to produce a syngas stream that is depleted in the soot. The system is particularly suitable for the practice of heat exchange reforming wherein a portion of the heat is recovered from the soot depleted syngas stream and used as at least a portion of the heat to facilitate the additional production of syngas via the (endothermic) catalytic reforming of natural gas and steam.

摘要翻译： 阐述了用于放出产生不含烟灰的合成气的系统，其包括（i）在第一反应器中使含烃燃料与含氧气体反应以产生合成气和包含CO 2，H 2 O和烟灰的副产物; 和（ii）将合成气和副产物引入到含有非碳质材料的第二反应器中，所述非碳质材料捕集烟灰足够的时间，使得大部分副产物烟灰通过与副产物CO 2和/或H 2 O反应产生气化 在烟灰中耗尽的合成气流。 该系统特别适用于热交换重整的实践，其中一部分热量从不含烟灰的合成气流中回收并用作至少一部分热量，以促进通过（吸热）催化重整而额外生产合成气 的天然气和蒸汽。

公开(公告)号：US07503947B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-17

申请号：US11311762

申请日：2005-12-19

申请人： Scott Donald Barnicki

发明人： Scott Donald Barnicki

IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/54 ,  B01J7/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  F02B43/00 ,  F02G3/00 ,  F02C6/18

CPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/061 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/068 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1618 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1668 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/007 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K1/12 ,  C10K1/122 ,  C10K1/143 ,  C10K1/16 ,  C10K1/20 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10K3/06 ,  Y02E20/14 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E50/11 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： Disclosed is a process for humidifying syngas to achieve a water to carbon monoxide molar ratio in the product syngas within a desired range and in which the molar ratio which can be varied over time in response to changes in downstream syngas requirements. The raw syngas is produced by reacting a carbonaceous material with oxygen, water, or carbon dioxide and can be combined with a diluent to produce a diluted syngas stream which can be cooled and contacted with liquid water to give a humidified syngas. The H2O:CO molar ratio of the humidified syngas may be adjusted in response to time-varying downstream syngas requirements by changing the amount and/or temperature of the diluent that is combined with the raw syngas stream, by adjusting quench and heat exchange conditions, or a combination thereof. The application of the process to the coproduction of chemicals and power are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于加湿合成气以在产物合成气中达到所需范围内的水与一氧化碳摩尔比的方法，其中响应于下游合成气需求的变化可随时间变化的摩尔比。 原料合成气通过使碳质材料与氧气，水或二氧化碳反应而生成，并且可与稀释剂组合以产生稀释的合成气流，其可冷却并与液态水接触以产生加湿的合成气。 通过改变与原料合成气流合并的稀释剂的量和/或温度，可以通过调节骤冷和热交换条件来调节加湿合成气的H 2 O:CO摩尔比，以响应随时间变化的下游合成气需求， 或其组合。 还公开了该方法在化学品和电力的共同生产中的应用。