摘要:
A semiconductor device protecting the ends of a gate line and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a gate line crossing over the semiconductor substrate, and a protecting pattern covering ends of the gate line. According to the method, a gate line is formed at a semiconductor substrate. A spacer is formed to cover sidewalls of the gate line. A protecting pattern is formed to cover the ends of the gate line. The protecting pattern may be formed of silicon nitride or silicon oxide. Since the protecting pattern protects ends of a gate line, it is possible to prevent gate electrodes from being damaged by a cleaning solution such as SC1 in a subsequent process.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of bit line structures arranged in parallel on a semiconductor substrate and having a plurality of bit lines and an insulating material surrounding the bit lines, an isolation layer formed in a portion in spaces between the bit line structures to define a predetermined active region and having substantially the same height as the bit line structures, a semiconductor layer formed in the predetermined active region surrounded by the bit line structures and the isolation layer and having substantially the same height as the bit line structures and the isolation layer, a plurality of word line structures arranged in parallel on the bit line structures, the isolation layer, and the semiconductor layer, and comprising a plurality of word lines and an insulating material surrounding the word lines, and source and drain regions formed in the semiconductor layer on either side of the word line structures.
摘要:
A plurality of trenches for defining active regions are formed in a semiconductor substrate, using a plurality of trench masks. A gap fill insulating layer is formed on the resulting structure to fill a gap region bounded by the trench and the trench masks. Next, the trench mask and the gap fill insulating layer are patterned to form a trench mask pattern and a gap fill insulating pattern for defining a slit-type opening, extending across and exposes the active region. A gate pattern is formed in the slit-type opening and the trench mask pattern is removed to form a contact opening exposing the active region. Next, a contact plug is formed to fill the contact opening. Here, the contact opening is self-alignedly formed using an etch selectivity between the trench mask and the gap fill insulating layer. The resulting contact opening is a vacancy in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
摘要:
A serializer-deserializer circuit having increased margins for setup and hold time is provided. The serializer-deserializer circuit comprises a data skew control circuit, a latch circuit, a serial converter circuit, and a phase locked loop (PLL). The data skew control circuit receives a first clock signal and a data signal, delays the data signal, and outputs a delayed data signal in response to a reference clock signal. The latch circuit latches and outputs the delayed data signal in response to the reference clock signal. The serial converter circuit receives and serializes an output signal of the latch circuit in response to the reference clock signal to output serial data. The PLL generates the reference clock signal in response to an external reference clock signal. Instead of using the first clock signal input with the data signal, the serializer-deserializer circuit uses a signal, which is generated by an oscillator and thus has a small amount of jitter, as an input clock to the PLL so that a reference clock signal without noise is generated to improve the operation of the serializer-deserializer circuit. In addition, the reference clock signal output from the PLL is locked to the data signal to increase margins for setup and hold time during the latch operation of the data signal.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a dry type tooth whitening patch comprising peroxide as a tooth whitening agent. In particular, disclosed is a dry type tooth whitening patch in which a peroxide is contained, as a teeth whitening agent, in a matrix type adhesive layer. The adhesive layer includes, as a base polymer thereof, a hydrophilic glass polymer which provides a strong adhesion to teeth while releasing the tooth whitening agent when hydrated on the enamel layers of teeth in the moist oral cavity. The dry type patch according to the present invention is convenient in use, as compared to wet type patches. Further, it exhibits a superior adhesion while being maintained in a state attached to the teeth for a lengthened period of time so as to assure an enough contact time between the whitening agent in the patch and stains on the teeth, thereby giving a sufficient whitening effect.
摘要:
Provided are a mobile terminal and method for providing a human network management service in the mobile terminal, the method including receiving human network data from a social network service site; checking and converting a schema of each received human network data into a predetermined schema; and updating human network data in the mobile terminal according to the converted schema.
摘要:
A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate with first and second spaced apart source/drain regions defining a channel region therebetween and a control gate structure on the channel region between the first and second spaced apart source/drain regions. More particularly, the control gate structure may include a first gate electrode on the channel region adjacent the first source/drain region, and a second gate electrode on the channel region adjacent the second source/drain region. Moreover, the first and second gate electrodes may be electrically isolated. Related devices, structures, methods of operation, and methods of fabrication are also discussed.
摘要:
An organic light emitting display apparatus in which image quality can be improved. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate; a pixel definition layer formed on the first electrode and having an opening portion through which a region of the first electrode is exposed; an intermediate layer connected to the first electrode through the opening portion and including an organic emission layer; a second electrode electrically connected to the intermediate layer; and an inorganic planarization pattern portion disposed between the substrate and the first electrode and formed to at least correspond to the opening portion.
摘要:
A photomask cleaning apparatus includes a photomask receiving stage and a laser supply unit. The photomask receiving stage is configured to receive and retain a photomask in a desired orientation. The photomask has a front face having a pellicle adhesive residue region thereon. The desired orientation is with the front face positioned to allow gravity to move particles on the front face away from the front face without interference from the front face of the photomask. The laser supply unit is configured to generate a laser beam that irradiates a target region on the front face of the photomask to remove a pellicle adhesive residue from the target region. The photomask cleaning apparatus is configured to move the target region on the front face of the photomask to irradiate the entire pellicle adhesive residue region. Methods of using the photomask cleaning apparatus are also provided.
摘要:
A Graphene Flash Memory (GFM) device is disclosed. In general, the GFM device includes a number of memory cells, where each memory cell includes a graphene channel, a graphene storage layer, and a graphene electrode. In one embodiment, by using a graphene channel, graphene storage layer, and graphene electrode, the memory cells of the GFM device are enabled to be scaled down much more than memory cells of a conventional flash memory device. More specifically, in one embodiment, the GFM device has a feature size less than 25 nanometers, less than or equal to 20 nanometers, less than or equal to 15 nanometers, less than or equal to 10 nanometers, or less than or equal to 5 nanometers.