Abstract:
An axial ion source comprising a tubular anode having an axis XX, at the two ends of which there are placed a cathode located along said axis XX and anticathode which comprises a circular plate having an axis YY parallel to the axis XX, this plate being able to revolve about this axis YY. A device controls the sequential rotation of the anticathode about the axis YY, the rotation of the anticathode enabling a new intact surface to be presented, when necessary, at the end of the anode. A cooling fluid can circulate in the grooves equipping the plate.
Abstract:
An ion source structure comprising a tubular anode having an ion exit opening, an insulating layer of alundum, boron nitride or epoxy resin on its surface, a screen supported by said layer and an extractor electrode mounted on the screen opposite the exit opening.
Abstract:
A high brightness ion beam is obtainable by using lasers to excite atoms or molecules from the ground state to an ionized state in increments, rather than in one step. The spectroscopic resonances of the atom or molecule are used so that relatively long wavelength, low power lasers can be used to obtain such ion beam.
Abstract:
A focused ion beam system includes a gas ion source and an emitter structure. The emitter structure includes a pair of conductive pins fixed to a base member, a filament connected between the pair of conductive pins, and an emitter which has a tip end with one atom or three atoms and which is connected to the filament. A supporting member is fixed to the base material, and the emitter is connected to the supporting member.
Abstract:
Methods of marking paper products and marked paper products are provided. Some methods include irradiating the paper product to alter the functionalization of the paper.
Abstract:
A deceleration apparatus capable of decelerating a short spot beam or a tall ribbon beam is disclosed. In either case, effects tending to degrade the shape of the beam profile are controlled. Caps to shield the ion beam from external potentials are provided. Electrodes whose position and potentials are adjustable are provided, on opposite sides of the beam, to ensure that the shape of the decelerating and deflecting electric fields does not significantly deviate from the optimum shape, even in the presence of the significant space-charge of high current low-energy beams of heavy ions.
Abstract:
A high-performance negative ion generating module includes a high-voltage electric field catalyzer unit formed of multiple catalyzer reaction boards and two high-voltage discharging panels for discharging a high voltage to produce a high voltage electric field, and an ion generator kit formed of a first ion generating panel, which has activation tubes respectively coated with VO2 and TiO2, and a metal coating and electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and a second ion generating panel, which has discharging terminals electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and respectively aimed at the activation tubes for causing an electron wind to flow through the activation tubes to enhance air cleaning.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for treating material surfaces using a repetitively pulsed ion beam. In particular, a method of treating magnetic material surfaces in order to reduce surface defects, and produce amorphous fine grained magnetic material with properties that can be tailored by adjusting treatment parameters of a pulsed ion beam. In addition to a method of surface treating materials for wear and corrosion resistance using pulsed particle ion beams.