Guided transport of magnetically labeled biological molecules and cells

    公开(公告)号:US09656271B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-05-23

    申请号:US11999171

    申请日:2007-12-04

    申请人: Yuchen Zhou Yimin Guo

    发明人: Yuchen Zhou Yimin Guo

    摘要: Presented herein is a method and devices for identifying biological molecules and cells labeled by small magnetic particles and by optically active dyes. The labeled molecules are typically presented in a biological fluid but are then magnetically guided into narrow channels by a sequential process of magnetically trapping and releasing the magnetic labels that is implemented by sequential synchronized reversing the magnetic fields of a regular array of patterned magnetic devices that exert forces on the magnetic particles. These devices, which may be bonded to a substrate, can be formed as parallel magnetic strips adjacent to current carrying lines or can be substantially of identical structure to trilayered MTJ cells. Once the magnetically labeled molecules have been guided into the appropriate channels, their optical labels can be detected by a process of optical excitation and de-excitation. The molecules are thereby identified and counted.

    Multilayer structure with high perpendicular anisotropy for device applications
    74.
    发明授权
    Multilayer structure with high perpendicular anisotropy for device applications 有权
    用于器件应用的具有高垂直各向异性的多层结构

    公开(公告)号:US08920947B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-12-30

    申请号:US12802091

    申请日:2010-05-28

    摘要: Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and Hc are enhanced in magnetic devices with a Ta/M1/M2 seed layer where M1 is preferably Ti, and M2 is preferably Cu, and including an overlying (Co/Ni)X multilayer (x is 5 to 50) that is deposited with ultra high Ar pressure of >100 sccm to minimize impinging energy that could damage (Co/Ni)X interfaces. In one embodiment, the seed layer is subjected to one or both of a low power plasma treatment and natural oxidation process to form a more uniform interface with the (Co/Ni)X multilayer. Furthermore, an oxygen surfactant layer may be formed at one or more interfaces between adjoining (Co/Ni)X layers in the multilayer stack. Annealing at temperatures between 180° C. and 400° C. also increases Hc but the upper limit depends on whether the magnetic device is MAMR, MRAM, a hard bias structure, or a perpendicular magnetic medium.

    摘要翻译: 在具有Ta优选为Ti的Ta / M1 / M2种子层的磁性装置中,垂直磁各向异性和Hc增强,并且M2优选为Cu,并且包括覆盖(Co / Ni)X多层(x为5至50), 以超过100 sccm的超高Ar压力沉积,以尽量减少可能损坏(Co / Ni)X界面的冲击能量。 在一个实施方案中,种子层经受低功率等离子体处理和天然氧化过程中的一种或两种以与(Co / Ni)X多层形成更均匀的界面。 此外,可以在多层叠层中的相邻(Co / Ni)X层之间的一个或多个界面处形成氧表面活性剂层。 在180°C至400°C的温度下退火也会增加Hc,但上限取决于磁性装置是MAMR,MRAM,硬偏压结构还是垂直磁介质。

    TRILL optimal forwarding and traffic engineered multipathing in cloud switching
    75.
    发明授权
    TRILL optimal forwarding and traffic engineered multipathing in cloud switching 有权
    TRILL在云交换中的最佳转发和流量设计多路径

    公开(公告)号:US08717944B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-05-06

    申请号:US13593190

    申请日:2012-08-23

    IPC分类号: H04L12/28

    摘要: In one embodiment, a plurality of leaf switches that include host facing ports are configured as a cloud switch. An indication of connectivity between the leaf switches of the cloud switch and routing bridges (RBridges) external to the cloud switch may be added to link state packets (LSPs) sent over the at least one logical shared media link. A lookup table may be generated that specifies next hop leaf switches. The generated lookup table may be used to forward frames to one or more particular nexthop leaf switches. Further, traffic engineering parameters may be collected. Equal cost multipath (ECMP) nexthop leaf switches and distribution trees to reach one or more destinations may be examined. Traffic may be distributed across ones of them based on the traffic engineering parameters.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,包括主机面向端口的多个叶片交换机被配置为云交换机。 可以将云交换机的叶交换机和云交换机外部的路由网桥(RBridge)之间的连接性的指示添加到通过至少一个逻辑共享媒体链路发送的链路状态分组(LSP)。 可以生成一个指定下一跳叶切换的查找表。 生成的查找表可以用于将帧转发到一个或多个特定的下一页叶开关。 此外,可以收集交通工程参数。 可以检查等成本多路径(ECMP)下一叶叶开关和分布树到达一个或多个目的地。 流量可以根据流量工程参数分布在其中。

    TRILL OPTIMAL FORWARDING AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERED MULTIPATHING IN CLOUD SWITCHING
    76.
    发明申请
    TRILL OPTIMAL FORWARDING AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERED MULTIPATHING IN CLOUD SWITCHING 有权
    挖掘云端开关中的最佳前向和交通工程多路径

    公开(公告)号:US20140056178A1

    公开(公告)日:2014-02-27

    申请号:US13593190

    申请日:2012-08-23

    IPC分类号: H04L12/28

    摘要: In one embodiment, a plurality of leaf switches that include host facing ports are configured as a cloud switch. An indication of connectivity between the leaf switches of the cloud switch and routing bridges (RBridges) external to the cloud switch may be added to link state packets (LSPs) sent over the at least one logical shared media link. A lookup table may be generated that specifies next hop leaf switches. The generated lookup table may be used to forward frames to one or more particular nexthop leaf switches. Further, traffic engineering parameters may be collected. Equal cost multipath (ECMP) nexthop leaf switches and distribution trees to reach one or more destinations may be examined. Traffic may be distributed across ones of them based on the traffic engineering parameters.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施例中,包括主机面向端口的多个叶片交换机被配置为云交换机。 可以将云交换机的叶交换机和云交换机外部的路由网桥(RBridge)之间的连接性的指示添加到通过至少一个逻辑共享媒体链路发送的链路状态分组(LSP)。 可以生成一个指定下一跳叶切换的查找表。 生成的查找表可以用于将帧转发到一个或多个特定的下一页叶开关。 此外,可以收集交通工程参数。 可以检查等成本多路径(ECMP)下一叶叶开关和分布树到达一个或多个目的地。 流量可以根据流量工程参数分布在其中。

    Thin seeded Co/Ni multilayer film with perpendicular anisotropy for read head sensor stabilization
    77.
    发明授权
    Thin seeded Co/Ni multilayer film with perpendicular anisotropy for read head sensor stabilization 有权
    具有垂直各向异性的薄晶种Co / Ni多层膜,用于读取头传感器稳定

    公开(公告)号:US08563147B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-10-22

    申请号:US12456935

    申请日:2009-06-24

    IPC分类号: G11B5/39 G11B5/127

    摘要: A hard bias (HB) structure for producing longitudinal bias to stabilize a free layer in an adjacent spin valve is disclosed and includes a composite seed layer made of at least Ta and a metal layer having a fcc(111) or hcp(001) texture to enhance perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in an overlying (Co/Ni)X laminated layer. The (Co/Ni)X HB layer deposition involves low power and high Ar pressure to avoid damaging Co/Ni interfaces and thereby preserves PMA. A capping layer is formed on the HB layer to protect against etchants in subsequent process steps. After initialization, magnetization direction in the HB layer is perpendicular to the sidewalls of the spin valve and generates an Mrt value that is greater than from an equivalent thickness of CoPt. A non-magnetic metal separation layer may be formed on the capping layer and spin valve to provide an electrical connection between top and bottom shields.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于产生纵向偏压以稳定相邻自旋阀中的自由层的硬偏压(HB)结构,其包括至少由Ta制成的复合晶种层和具有fcc(111)或hcp(001)结构的金属层 以提高上覆(Co / Ni)X层叠层的垂直磁各向异性(PMA)。 (Co / Ni)X HB层沉积涉及低功率和高Ar压力,以避免损坏Co / Ni界面,从而保留PMA。 在HB层上形成覆盖层以防止后续工艺步骤中的蚀刻剂。 在初始化之后,HB层中的磁化方向垂直于自旋阀的侧壁,并产生大于CoPt当量厚度的Mrt值。 可以在封盖层和自旋阀上形成非磁性金属分离层,以提供顶部和底部屏蔽之间的电连接。

    Discrete contact MR bio-sensor with magnetic label field alignment

    公开(公告)号:US08513029B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-08-20

    申请号:US11900370

    申请日:2007-09-11

    申请人: Yuchen Zhou

    发明人: Yuchen Zhou

    IPC分类号: G01N33/553 G01N33/53

    摘要: The invention describes a family of sensors for assaying macro-molecules and/or biological cells in solution. Each sensor has the form of a well (a hollow cylinder having a floor but no lid) or a trench whose walls comprise a plurality of GMR or TMR devices. Suitably shaped magnets located below each well's floor pull labeled particles into the well/trench and up against the inner wall where a field gradient orients them for optimum detection. Any unattached labels that happen to also be in the well/trench are removed through suitably sized holes in the floor.

    Perpendicular magnetic recording head laminated with AFM-FM phase change material
    79.
    发明授权
    Perpendicular magnetic recording head laminated with AFM-FM phase change material 有权
    垂直磁记录头与AFM-FM相变材料层压

    公开(公告)号:US08446692B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-21

    申请号:US13199188

    申请日:2011-08-22

    IPC分类号: G11B5/127 G11B5/147

    摘要: A PMR writer is disclosed that minimizes pole erasure during non-writing and maximize write field during writing through an AFM-FM phase change material that is in an anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) state during non-writing and switches to a ferromagnetic (FM) state by heating during writing. The main pole layer including the write pole may be comprised of a laminated structure having a plurality of “n” ferromagnetic layers and “n−1” AFM-FM phase change material layers arranged in an alternating manner. The AFM-FM phase change material is preferably a FeRh, FeRhPt, FeRhPd, or FeRhIr and may also be used as a flux gate to prevent yoke flux from leaking into the write pole tip. Heating for the AFM to FM transition is provided by write coils and/or a coil located near the AFM-FM phase change material to enable faster transition times.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种PMR写入器,其在非写入期间最小化磁极擦除并且在写入期间通过在非写入期间处于反铁磁(AFM)状态的AFM-FM相变材料中的写入磁场最大化并切换到铁磁(FM) 在写作期间加热状态。 包括写极的主极层可以由具有多个“n”个铁磁层和“n-1”个AFM-FM相变材料层的交替排列的层压结构构成。 AFM-FM相变材料优选为FeRh,FeRhPt,FeRhPd或FeRhIr,并且还可以用作磁通门以防止磁轭焊剂泄漏到写极尖端。 AFM到FM转换的加热由位于AFM-FM相变材料附近的写入线圈和/或线圈提供,以实现更快的转换时间。