摘要:
An integrated scanning tunneling microscope and an integrated piezoelectric transducer and methods for making both. The device consists of one or two arm piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers formed by micromachining using standard integrated circuit processing steps. These cantilevers are attached to the substrate at one area and are free to move under the influence of piezoelectric forces which are caused by the application of appropriate voltages generated by control circuitry and applied to pairs of electrodes formed as an integral part of the bimorph cantilever structure. The electric fields caused by the control voltages cause the piezoelectric bimorphs to move in any desired fashion within ranges determined by the design. The bimorph cantilevers have tips with very sharp points formed thereon which are moved by the action of the control circuit and the piezoelectric bimorphs so to stay within a very small distance of a conducting surface. The movements of the tip can be tracked to yield an image of the surface at atomic resolution.
摘要:
The invention provides methods and systems for evaluating a fluid transfer event between a parenteral fluid delivery and a patient. The evaluation of the fluid transfer event can be prospective real-time and/or historic, as desired, and take a variety of different formats.
摘要:
Each sensor in one or more pairs of sensors is associated with a particular tissue, for example a first tissue location and a second tissue location respectively. Tissue at a particular tissue location may be solid, for example, muscle tissue, fat tissue, etc., or fluid, for example, blood, fluids associated with edema, etc. The area between the two tissue locations associated with a pair of sensors may comprise solid tissue, fluid tissue, an empty chamber, or combinations thereof. For each pair of sensors in the at least one pair of sensors, a first impedance measurement between the pair of sensors and associated with a first frequency is determined. For each pair of sensors in the at least one pair of sensors, a second impedance measurement between the pair of sensors and associated with a second frequency is determined. A comparison of a ratio of the first impedance measurement at a point in time to the second impedance measurement at a corresponding point in time may be made to determine a volume-related value associated with an area located between the first tissue location and the second tissue location.
摘要:
A method and device are provided that detect and identify a neural signal by type and optionally or automatically provide a signal that affects a nerve carrying the neural signal. A plurality of electrodes is positioned along a nerve and monitors the electrical activity of the nerve. The invented system analyzes the monitored data to determine when the monitored activity can be identified as a known type of bioelectric signal, e.g., a pain nerve signal. The system may optionally attempt to affect, disrupt, diminish, nullify or block transmission of bioelectric signals along the nerve, e.g., by directing electrical energy through an electrode to nullify a bioelectric signal along a pain nerve.
摘要:
The system of the present invention includes a conductive element, an electronic component, and a partial power source in the form of dissimilar materials. Upon contact with a conducting fluid, a voltage potential is created and the power source is completed, which activates the system. The electronic component controls the conductance between the dissimilar materials to produce a unique current signature. The system can also measure the conditions of the environment surrounding the system.
摘要:
Implantable electrical stimulation leads, method, and system are provided. Components of the system include a hermetically sealed integrated circuit controller, two or more hermetically sealed individually addressable satellite electrode structures and an inductive power source. The lead includes a housing, a conductor positioned within the housing, addressable stimulation units secured within the housing, wherein each stimulation unit includes a hermetically sealed integrated circuit, and a plurality of electrodes each electrically isolated from the other.
摘要:
Sensing system, device, and method for therapy modulation are provided. Various aspects include a receive module and a therapy-related action module. The receive module may receive a therapy parameter of an individual. The therapy-related action module may effectuate, based on the therapy parameter, a therapy-related action associated with a nervous system of the individual.
摘要:
Implantable cardiac motion powered piezoelectric energy sources are provided. Aspects of the subject implantable energy sources they include a piezoelectric transducer that converts cardiac mechanical energy to electrical energy. The subject energy sources find use in a variety of applications, including providing power to a wide range of implantable devices.
摘要:
High-voltage tolerant multiplex multi-electrode stimulations systems and methods of using the same are provided. Aspects of the systems include a multiplex multi-electrode stimulation device, such as lead, configured to deliver high-voltage stimulation pulses through low-voltage satellites. Also provided are low-power implantable defibrillation systems, where such systems may include a high-voltage tolerant multiplex multi-electrode stimulation system.
摘要:
Methods of highly selective cardiac tissue stimulation and devices for practicing the same, e.g., implantable segmented electrode devices, are provided. The methods and devices provide a previously unavailable high phrenic nerve capture voltage paired with a low pacing capture voltage threshold. The subject methods and devices provide a number of benefits. For example, patients who previously would have been required to have their resynchronization device turned off due to phrenic nerve capture will now be able to reap the benefits of resynchronization therapy.