Abstract:
The method comprises providing a semiconductor substrate, which has a main surface and an opposite further main surface, arranging a contact pad above the further main surface, forming a through-substrate via from the main surface to the further main surface at a distance from the contact pad and, by the same method step together with the through-substrate via, forming a further through-substrate via above the contact pad, arranging a hollow metal via layer in the through-substrate via and, by the same method step together with the metal via layer, arranging a further metal via layer in the further through-substrate via, the further metal via layer contacting the contact pad, and removing a bottom portion of the metal via layer to form an optical via laterally surrounded by the metal via layer.
Abstract:
The lateral single-photon avalanche diode comprises a semiconductor body comprising a semiconductor material of a first type of electric conductivity, a trench in the semiconductor body, and anode and cathode terminals. A junction region of the first type of electric conductivity is located near the sidewall of the trench, and the electric conductivity is higher in the junction region than at a farther distance from the sidewall. A semiconductor layer of an opposite second type of electric conductivity is arranged at the sidewall of the trench adjacent to the junction region. The anode and cathode terminals are electrically connected with the semiconductor layer and with the junction region, respectively. The junction region may be formed by a sidewall implantation.
Abstract:
The method comprises the steps of providing a semiconductor body or substrate (1) with a recess or trench (2) in a main surface (10), applying a mask (3) on the main surface, the mask covering the recess or trench, so that the walls and bottom of the recess or trench and the mask together enclose a cavity (4), which is filled with a gas, and forming at least one opening (5) in the mask at a distance from the recess or trench, the distance (6) being adapted to allow the gas to escape from the cavity via the opening when the gas pressure exceeds an external pressure.
Abstract:
A semiconductor body of a first type of conductivity is formed including a base layer, a first further layer on the base layer and a second further layer on the first further layer. The base layer and the second further layer have an intrinsic doping or a doping concentration that is lower than the doping concentration of the first further layer. A doped region of an opposite second type of conductivity is arranged in the semiconductor body, penetrates the first further layer and extends into the base layer and into the second further layer. Anode and cathode terminals are electrically connected to the first further layer and the doped region, respectively. The doped region can be produced by filling a trench with doped polysilicon.