摘要:
Embodiments of an apparatus, system, and method for chemical synthesis and/or analysis are disclosed. One embodiment of a disclosed apparatus comprises a laminated, microfluidic structure defining a reactor and a separator. Such apparatuses, or portions thereof, generally have dimensions ranging from about 1 micrometer to about 100 micrometers. To implement synthetic processes, disclosed embodiments of the apparatus generally include at least one unit operation, such as a mixer, a valve, a separator, a detector, and combinations thereof. Individual apparatuses may be coupled both in series and in parallel to form a system for making chemical compounds. An individual apparatus or a system also can be used in combination with known devices and processes.
摘要:
Embodiments of a continuous-flow injection reactor and a method for continuous material synthesis are disclosed. The reactor includes a mixing zone unit and a residence time unit removably coupled to the mixing zone unit. The mixing zone unit includes at least one top inlet, a side inlet, and a bottom inlet. An injection tube, or plurality of injection tubes, is inserted through the top inlet and extends past the side inlet while terminating above the bottom outlet. A first reactant solution flows in through the side inlet, and a second reactant solution flows in through the injection tube(s). With reference to nanoparticle synthesis, the reactant solutions combine in a mixing zone and form nucleated nanoparticles. The nucleated nanoparticles flow through the residence time unit. The residence time unit may be a single conduit, or it may include an outer housing and a plurality of inner tubes within the outer housing.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present system and method are useful for chemical deposition, particularly continuous deposition of thin films. Disclosed systems typically comprise a micromixer and a microchannel applicator. A deposition material or materials is applied to a substrate, such as an oxidized silicon substrate, a flexible substrate useful for forming flexible devices, such as flexible transistors, and combinations of different substrates. Uniform and highly oriented surface morphologies of films deposited using disclosed embodiments are clearly improved compared to films deposited by a conventional batch process. The process can be used to tailor the composition and morphology of the material deposited on a substrate. The present process can be used at low temperatures as a post-deposition, high-temperature annealing step is obviated.
摘要:
A method for making a structure includes depositing a solution upon a surface and irradiating the solution with microwaves to crystallize solute of the solution on the surface.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present system and method are useful for chemical deposition, particularly continuous deposition of anti-reflective films. Disclosed systems typically comprise a micromixer and a microchannel applicator. A deposition material or materials is applied to a substrate to form a nanostructured, anti-reflective coating. Uniform and highly oriented surface morphologies of films deposited using disclosed embodiments are clearly improved compared to films deposited by a conventional batch process. In some embodiments, a scratch-resistant, anti-reflective coating is applied to a polycarbonate substrate, such as a lens. In certain embodiments, an anti-reflective coating is applied to a surface of a solar catalytic microreactor suitable for performing endothermic reactions, where energy is provided to the reactor by absorption of solar radiation. The composition and morphology of the material deposited on a substrate can be tailored. The process can be used at low temperatures as a post-deposition, high-temperature annealing step is obviated.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present system and method are useful for chemical deposition, particularly continuous deposition of anti-reflective films. Disclosed systems typically comprise a micromixer and a microchannel applicator. A deposition material or materials is applied to a substrate to form a nanostructured, anti-reflective coating. Uniform and highly oriented surface morphologies of films deposited using disclosed embodiments are clearly improved compared to films deposited by a conventional batch process. In some embodiments, a scratch-resistant, anti-reflective coating is applied to a polycarbonate substrate, such as a lens. In certain embodiments, an anti-reflective coating is applied to a surface of a solar catalytic microreactor suitable for performing endothermic reactions, where energy is provided to the reactor by absorption of solar radiation. The composition and morphology of the material deposited on a substrate can be tailored. The process can be used at low temperatures as a post-deposition, high-temperature annealing step is obviated.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present system and method are useful for chemical deposition, particularly continuous deposition of thin films. Disclosed systems typically comprise a micromixer and a microchannel applicator. A deposition material or materials is applied to a substrate, such as an oxidized silicon substrate, a flexible substrate useful for forming flexible devices, such as flexible transistors, and combinations of different substrates. Uniform and highly oriented surface morphologies of films deposited using disclosed embodiments are clearly improved compared to films deposited by a conventional batch process. The process can be used to tailor the composition and morphology of the material deposited on a substrate. The present process can be used at low temperatures as a post-deposition, high-temperature annealing step is obviated.
摘要:
The present disclosure describes devices useful for microscale fluid purification, separation, and synthesis. Such devices generally comprise a fluid membrane that separates two or more fluids flowing through plural microchannels operatively associated with the membrane. Often, the membrane is a semipermeable membrane, such as might be used with a filtration device, such as a dialyzer. Devices of the present invention can be combined with other microscale devices to make systems. For example, the devices may be coupled with one or more microchemical microfactories, one or more micromixers, one or more microheaters, etc. Examples of devices made according to the present invention included an oxygenator, a dialyzer, microheat exchangers, etc.
摘要:
Disclosed embodiments provide a solution-based process for producing useful materials, such as semiconductor materials. One disclosed embodiment comprises providing at least a first reactant and a second reactant in solution and applying the solution to a substrate. The as-deposited material is thermally annealed to form desired compounds. Thermal annealing may be conducted under vacuum; under an inert atmosphere; or under a reducing environment. The method may involve using metal and chalcogen precursor compounds. One example of a metal precursor compound is a metal halide. Examples of suitable chalcogen precursor compounds include a chalcogen powder, a chalcogen halide, a chalcogen oxide, a chalcogen urea, a chalcogen or dichalcogen comprising organic ligands, or combinations thereof. Certain disclosed embodiments concern a method for making a solar cell from I-III-VI semiconductors.