Abstract:
A rigid polyurethane foam formulation comprising a polyol composition comprising, by weight based on the weight of the polyol composition, more than 70% of at least one polyester polyol having an average hydroxyl number of from 150 to less than 300 mg KOH/g and an average functionality of at least 2; a blowing agent comprising water and an auxiliary blowing agent; a silicone copolymer surfactant; from 1% to 5% by weight based on the weight of the polyol composition, of a cyclic siloxane having a surface tension less than 21 dynes/cm at 25° C., wherein the weight ratio of the cyclic siloxane to the silicone copolymer surfactant is from 0.6 to less than 2.27; a catalyst, and optionally a flame retardant; and a polyisocyanate; such that the isocyanate index is in the range of from 180 to 500; a rigid polyurethane foam formed from the foam formulation; and a method of forming a rigid polyurethane foam.
Abstract:
A rigid polyurethane foam formulation comprising a polyol composition comprising, by weight based on the weight of the polyol composition, more than 70% of at least one polyester polyol having an average hydroxyl number of from 150 to less than 300 mg KOH/g and an average functionality of at least 2; a blowing agent comprising water and an auxiliary blowing agent; a silicone copolymer surfactant; from 1% to 5% by weight based on the weight of the polyol composition, of a cyclic siloxane having a surface tension less than 21 dynes/cm at 25° C., wherein the weight ratio of the cyclic siloxane to the silicone copolymer surfactant is from 0.6 to less than 2.27; a catalyst, and optionally a flame retardant; and a polyisocyanate; such that the isocyanate index is in the range of from 180 to 500; a rigid polyurethane foam formed from the foam formulation; and a method of forming a rigid polyurethane foam.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present disclosure are foam formulations. As an example, foam formulation can include a polyol composition having an amine-imitated polyol that is from 10 percent to 20 percent of a total weight of the polyol composition and an additional polyol that is from 80 percent to 90 percent of the total weight of the polyol composition, a polyisocyanate, a blowing catalyst, and a gel catalyst, where a combination of the blowing catalyst and the gel catalyst is from 0.5 percent to 1.5 percent the total weight of the polyol composition and where the blowing catalyst is from 50 percent to 100 percent of a total weight of the blowing catalyst and the gel catalyst.
Abstract:
Geopolymer precursor-aerogel compositions. As an example, a geopolymer precursor-aerogel composition can include an aluminosilicate reactant, an alkaline activator, an aerogel additive, and a continuous medium.
Abstract:
External thermal insulation composite systems described herein include a concrete or masonry wall and a multilayer thermal insulation board disposed on the concrete or masonry wall. The multilayer thermal insulation board includes at least one closed cell foam layer comprising polyurethane and polyisocyanurate having an open cell volume of less than 20% by volume according to ASTM D 6226 and at least one open cell foam layer comprising polyurethane and polyisocyanurate having an open cell volume of greater than 80% by volume according to ASTM D 6226.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards polyol compositions including a dispersion of polyisocyanate polyaddition particles in a carrier polyol, wherein the polyisocyanate polyaddition particles have an average particle diameter from 0.1 to 10.0 microns and the dispersion has a solids content from 5 wt % to 50 wt % based upon a total weight of the dispersion, and a polyester polyol that is from 1 wt % to 98 wt % of the polyol composition based upon a total weight of the polyol composition.
Abstract:
Fire resistant composite structures. As an example, a fire resistant composite structure can have a foam material, a geopolymer thermal protection layer adhered to the foam material, and a facing adhered to the geopolymer layer. The geopolymer thermal protection layer can be formed by curing geopolymer precursors having a silicon to aluminum ratio in a range of 1.0:0.1 to 1.0:3.3.
Abstract:
Aerogel particles are impregnated with a volatile liquid. Organic polymer foams are made in the presence of the impregnated aerogel particles. The volatile liquid volatilizes during the foaming process, resulting in a composite foam in which the dispersed aerogel particle are filled with gas. The composite foams have exceptionally low thermal conductivities.
Abstract:
External thermal insulation composite systems described herein include a concrete or masonry wall and a thermal insulation board on the concrete or masonry wall. The thermal insulation board includes a polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam having a density of less than 70 kg/m3 according to ASTM D 1622. Methods of preparing the external thermal insulation composite systems and the thermal insulation boards are also described.
Abstract:
Formulated polyol compositions contain a terephthalic acid-based polyester polyol, a C4-7 hydrocarbon blowing agent, and a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of greater than 13 to 18.5. The formulated polyol compositions exhibit surprisingly good storage stability and resist stratifying into layers. The compositions are useful to make rigid polyurethane and/or polyisocyanurate foams. The good compatibility of the blowing agent leads to improved cell structure in the foams.