Clay and shale inhibition agents and method of use

    公开(公告)号:US09598626B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-03-21

    申请号:US14414913

    申请日:2013-07-16

    IPC分类号: C09K8/22

    CPC分类号: C09K8/22 C09K2208/12

    摘要: The hydration of clays and shale in drilling operations may be inhibited by employing an aqueous based drilling fluid comprising a shale hydration inhibition agent having the formula: (I), R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons; R1 may be the same or different than R and is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons or a hydroxy alkyl group comprising n number of carbons wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10 and n−1 hydroxyl groups; R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons; R3 may be the same or different than R2 and is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons or a hydroxy alkyl group comprising n number of carbons wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10 and n−1 hydroxyl groups, with the proviso that R3 is not the same as R1; and X is an anion. The shale hydration inhibition agent should be present in the aqueous based drilling fluid in sufficient concentration to reduce the reactivity, such as swelling, of clays and shale when exposed to water-based drilling fluids.

    DYE FIXATIVE AGENTS AND METHODS
    4.
    发明申请
    DYE FIXATIVE AGENTS AND METHODS 有权
    DYE固定剂和方法

    公开(公告)号:US20170030016A1

    公开(公告)日:2017-02-02

    申请号:US15291612

    申请日:2016-10-12

    IPC分类号: D06P5/22 D06P5/00 D06P1/66

    摘要: Described are dye fixative agents, comprising an ether compound, including salts, of Formula I: wherein, R1 is, independently at each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl; R2 and R3, are, independently at each occurrence, optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl; and X is, independently at each occurrence, Cl, Br, or I.

    摘要翻译: 描述了染料固定剂,其包含式I的醚化合物,包括盐:其中,R 1在每次出现时独立地为C 1 -C 6烷基; R2和R3各自独立地为任选取代的C 6烷基; 每次出现时,X独立地为Cl,Br或I.

    Mono-quaternary amine alcohols for use of clay and shale inhibition agents for the drilling industry
    7.
    发明授权
    Mono-quaternary amine alcohols for use of clay and shale inhibition agents for the drilling industry 有权
    用于钻井工业的粘土和页岩抑制剂的单季铵醇

    公开(公告)号:US09328279B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-05-03

    申请号:US14414917

    申请日:2013-07-16

    IPC分类号: C09K8/22 C09K8/52

    CPC分类号: C09K8/22 C09K8/52 C09K2208/12

    摘要: The hydration of clays and shale in drilling operations may be inhibited by employing an aqueous based drilling fluid comprising a shale hydration inhibition agent having the formula wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons, R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons, and X is an anion. The shale hydration inhibition agent should be present in the aqueous based drilling fluid in sufficient concentration to reduce the reactivity, such as swelling, of clays and shale when exposed to water-based drilling fluids.

    摘要翻译: 通过采用包含具有下式的页岩水化抑制剂的含水基钻井液可以抑制钻井操作中的粘土和页岩的水合,其中R是具有1至6个碳的烷基,R 1是具有1至18个碳原子的烷基 ,X为阴离子。 页岩水化抑制剂应以足够的浓度存在于含水基钻井液中,以降低暴露于水基钻井液时粘土和页岩的反应性,例如膨胀。

    CLAY AND SHALE INHIBITION AGENTS AND METHOD OF USE
    8.
    发明申请
    CLAY AND SHALE INHIBITION AGENTS AND METHOD OF USE 有权
    粘土和粉末抑制剂及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US20150203738A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-07-23

    申请号:US14414913

    申请日:2013-07-16

    IPC分类号: C09K8/22

    CPC分类号: C09K8/22 C09K2208/12

    摘要: The hydration of clays and shale in drilling operations may be inhibited by employing an aqueous based drilling fluid comprising a shale hydration inhibition agent having the formula: (I), R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons; R1 may be the same or different than R and is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons or a hydroxy alkyl group comprising n number of carbons wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10 and n-1 hydroxyl groups; R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons; R3 may be the same or different than R2 and is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons or a hydroxy alkyl group comprising n number of carbons wherein n is an integer from 1 to 10 and n-1 hydroxyl groups, with the proviso that R3 is not the same as R1; and X is an anion. The shale hydration inhibition agent should be present in the aqueous based drilling fluid in sufficient concentration to reduce the reactivity, such as swelling, of clays and shale when exposed to water-based drilling fluids.

    摘要翻译: 通过采用包含具有下式的页岩水化抑制剂的含水基钻井液可以抑制钻井操作中的粘土和页岩的水合作用:(I),R是具有1至6个碳原子的烷基; R 1可以与R相同或不同,为碳原子数1〜10的烷基或碳原子数为n的羟基烷基,n为1〜10的整数,n-1个羟基; R2是碳原子数1〜6的烷基, R 3可以相同或不同于R 2,并且是具有1至10个碳的烷基或包含n个碳的羟基烷基,其中n是1至10的整数和n-1个羟基,条件是R 3 与R1不一样; X为阴离子。 页岩水化抑制剂应以足够的浓度存在于含水基钻井液中,以降低暴露于水基钻井液时粘土和页岩的反应性,例如膨胀。

    Artificial Turf System
    10.
    发明申请

    公开(公告)号:US20210062436A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-03-04

    申请号:US16958035

    申请日:2018-12-28

    IPC分类号: E01C13/08 E01C13/02 D02G3/34

    摘要: Artificial turf system (10) including a primary backing layer (12) and a shock absorption component (20). The primary backing layer (12) has a plurality of artificial turf yarns (14) projecting upwardly from the primary backing layer (12). The shock absorption component (20) is composed of a sheet of three-dimensional random loop material 3DRLM (30). The sheet of 3DRLM (30) is in contact with the primary backing layer (12). The shock absorption component (20) includes (i) a cushioning layer (40) and (ii) a shockpad (50). The 3DRLM (30) in the cushioning layer (40) has an apparent density that is greater than the apparent density of the 3DRLM (30) in the shockpad (50).