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    Near UV absorption spectrometer and method for using the same
    3.
    发明申请
    Near UV absorption spectrometer and method for using the same 有权
    近紫外吸收光谱仪及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070138401A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

    申请号：US11311126

    申请日：2005-12-20

    申请人： Eugene Tokhtuev ,  Christopher Owen ,  Paul Schilling ,  Anna Pilipchenko ,  Paul Kraus ,  Katherine Sanville

    发明人： Eugene Tokhtuev ,  Christopher Owen ,  Paul Schilling ,  Anna Pilipchenko ,  Paul Kraus ,  Katherine Sanville

    IPC分类号： G01N21/33

    CPC分类号： G01N21/33 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/4412 ,  G01J2003/1226 ,  G01N21/532 ,  G01N21/5907 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01N2201/0221

    摘要： A UV absorption spectrometer includes a housing, a controller, and a sensor unit including an ultraviolet light source, an analytical area in an analytical cell or in running water or gaseous medium, and an UV wavelength separator including a UV detector. An ultraviolet light in a wavelength range of 200-320 nm emits from the light source through the analytical area to the wavelength separator, and the controller transforms output signals from the UV detector into absorbance values or optical densities for two or more wavelengths in the wavelength range, calculates differences of said absorbance values or optical densities, determines a concentration of a chemical in the solution with calibration constants found for a known concentration of the chemical and said differences of said absorbance values or optical densities.

    摘要翻译： 紫外线吸收光谱仪包括壳体，控制器和包括紫外光源，分析单元中的分析区域或流水或气体介质中的分析区域的传感器单元和包括UV检测器的UV波长分离器。 波长范围为200-320nm的紫外光从光源通过分析区域发射到波长分离器，并且控制器将来自UV检测器的输出信号转换成波长为两个或更多波长的吸光度值或光密度 范围，计算所述吸光度值或光密度的差异，确定溶液中化学物质的浓度，其中针对已知化学浓度和所述吸光度值或光密度的差异发现校准常数。

    Mattress
    4.
    外观设计
    Mattress 有权

    公开(公告)号：USD939249S1

    公开(公告)日：2021-12-28

    申请号：US29746187

    申请日：2020-08-12

    申请人： Paul Kraus

    设计人： Paul Kraus

    Gearshift transmission for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuatable multidisc clutch
    5.
    发明申请
    Gearshift transmission for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuatable multidisc clutch 有权
    具有液压可驱动多片式离合器的机动车变速传动装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050139023A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-30

    申请号：US10507632

    申请日：2003-03-26

    申请人： Dieter Kraxner ,  Klaus Tiede ,  Wolfgang Grosspietsch ,  Paul Kraus

    发明人： Dieter Kraxner ,  Klaus Tiede ,  Wolfgang Grosspietsch ,  Paul Kraus

    IPC分类号： F16D25/12 ,  F16D25/0638 ,  F16D25/10 ,  F16H3/00 ,  F16H3/08

    CPC分类号： F16D25/0638 ,  F16D21/06 ,  F16D2021/0661 ,  F16H3/006 ,  Y10T74/19219 ,  Y10T74/19228

    摘要： A gearshift mechanism for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuated multiple clutch, particularly a twin clutch, has a first gear input shaft to drive a first group of gears and a second gear input shaft to drive a second group of gears. The two gear input shafts are each assigned a clutch unit being coaxial to one another. A stationary housing accommodates the two clutch units. At its end face, the housing can be closed off by a housing cover that has a central opening through which a drive hub of a clutch cage is guided. The housing cover is provided with a bearing flange around the central opening, on the outside of which the clutch cage is supported. This advantageously supports the clutch on the housing and makes it possible to achieve a support effect for a dual mass flywheel or the crankshaft end of the internal combustion engine.

    摘要翻译： 具有液压致动多离合器，特别是双离合器的机动车辆的换档机构具有用于驱动第一组齿轮的第一齿轮输入轴和用于驱动第二组齿轮的第二齿轮输入轴。 两个齿轮输入轴分别被配置为彼此同轴的离合器单元。 固定的壳体容纳两个离合器单元。 在其端面处，壳体可以被具有中心开口的外壳盖封闭，通过该中心开口引导离合器保持架的驱动毂。 壳体盖围绕中心开口设置有轴承凸缘，其外侧支撑有离合器保持架。 这有利地支撑壳体上的离合器，并且使得可以实现双重质量飞轮或内燃机的曲轴端部的支撑效果。

    Gearshift transmission for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuated multiple clutch
    6.
    发明授权
    Gearshift transmission for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuated multiple clutch 有权
    具有液力驱动多离合器的机动车变速传动装置

    公开(公告)号：US07147095B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

    申请号：US10507632

    申请日：2003-03-26

    申请人： Dieter Kraxner ,  Klaus Tiede ,  Wolfgang Grosspietsch ,  Paul Kraus

    发明人： Dieter Kraxner ,  Klaus Tiede ,  Wolfgang Grosspietsch ,  Paul Kraus

    IPC分类号： F16D25/10 ,  B60K17/02

    CPC分类号： F16D25/0638 ,  F16D21/06 ,  F16D2021/0661 ,  F16H3/006 ,  Y10T74/19219 ,  Y10T74/19228

    摘要： A gearshift mechanism for a motor vehicle with hydraulically actuated multiple clutch, particularly a twin clutch, has a first gear input shaft to drive a first group of gears and a second gear input shaft to drive a second group of gears. The two gear input shafts are each assigned a clutch unit being coaxial to one another. A stationary housing accommodates the two clutch units. At its end face, the housing can be closed off by a housing cover that has a central opening through which a drive hub of a clutch cage is guided. The housing cover is provided with a bearing flange around the central opening, on the outside of which the clutch cage is supported. This advantageously supports the clutch on the housing and makes it possible to achieve a support effect for a dual mass flywheel or the crankshaft end of the internal combustion engine.

    摘要翻译： 具有液压致动多离合器，特别是双离合器的机动车辆的换档机构具有用于驱动第一组齿轮的第一齿轮输入轴和用于驱动第二组齿轮的第二齿轮输入轴。 两个齿轮输入轴分别被配置为彼此同轴的离合器单元。 固定的壳体容纳两个离合器单元。 在其端面处，壳体可以被具有中心开口的外壳盖封闭，通过该中心开口引导离合器保持架的驱动毂。 壳体盖围绕中心开口设置有轴承凸缘，其外侧支撑有离合器保持架。 这有利地支撑壳体上的离合器，并且使得可以实现双重质量飞轮或内燃机的曲轴端部的支撑效果。

    Joint-adapter for doubly curved lattice girders, in particular single-layer types
    8.
    发明授权
    Joint-adapter for doubly curved lattice girders, in particular single-layer types 失效
    用于双曲面网格梁的联合适配器，特别是单层类型

    公开(公告)号：US5398475A

    公开(公告)日：1995-03-21

    申请号：US80217

    申请日：1993-06-23

    申请人： Paul Kraus

    发明人： Paul Kraus

    IPC分类号： E04B1/19 ,  E04B1/32 ,  E04B1/58 ,  E04H12/00

    CPC分类号： E04B1/1903 ,  E04B1/3211 ,  E04B1/1909 ,  E04B2001/1933 ,  E04B2001/196 ,  E04B2001/3247 ,  E04B2001/3294

    摘要： In order to manufacture joint-adapters for doubly curved and preferably single-layer lattice girders with improved strength and lesser weight while at the same time also allowing relatively high curvatures of the lattice girders, the invention suggests to make the joint-adapters 11 predominantly frusto-conical. Their plane rest surfaces 22 for the butt ends of the bars 10 of the lattice girder subtend the same or substantially the same slope angle .alpha. with the extended joint-adapter main axis 16 as the residual part of the joint-adapter wall. The slope angle .alpha. of the rest surfaces 12 relative to the extended joint-adapter main axis 16 determines the curvature of the lattice girder. In the preferred embodiment mode of the invention, the wall thickness of the frusto-conical joint-adapter 11 is of constant thickness over the entire height H at its thinnest sites in the vicinity of the rest surfaces 12.

    摘要翻译： 为了制造具有改进的强度和较小重量的双弯曲和优选单层网格梁的接头适配器，同时还允许格子梁的相对较高的曲率，本发明提出使接头适配器11主要是截头圆锥体 -锥。 它们的平面搁置面22用于格栅梁的杆10的对接端，与作为接合适配器壁的剩余部分的延伸接头适配器主轴线16相对或基本相同的倾斜角α。 其余表面12相对于延伸接头适配器主轴线16的倾斜角度α决定了格子梁的曲率。 在本发明的优选实施方式中，截头圆锥形接头适配器11的壁厚在整个高度H处，在其最外面的位置在其余表面12附近具有恒定的厚度。

    Torsion damping mechanism with auxiliary mass
    9.
    发明授权
    Torsion damping mechanism with auxiliary mass 失效
    具有辅助质量的扭转阻尼机构

    公开(公告)号：US06719112B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

    申请号：US09972278

    申请日：2001-10-05

    申请人： Bernd Peinemann ,  Jürgen Weth ,  Cora Carlson ,  Paul Kraus ,  Reinhard Feldhaus ,  Hartmut Bach

    发明人： Bernd Peinemann ,  Jürgen Weth ,  Cora Carlson ,  Paul Kraus ,  Reinhard Feldhaus ,  Hartmut Bach

    IPC分类号： F16D1368

    CPC分类号： F16F15/13171 ,  F16F15/1397 ,  F16F15/1492

    摘要： A torsion damping mechanism with a torsion damper with an input side and an output side, where the input side and the output side are connected elastically to each other by spring-type stored energy elements for rotation in common auxiliary mass which can rotate coaxially to the torsion damping mechanism is connected frictionally to the torsion damping mechanism by way of a friction area, where the frictional connection between the torsion damping mechanism and the auxiliary mass has a predetermined frictional moment. When this moment is exceeded during the occurrence of peaks in the torque being applied to the torsion damping mechanism, the auxiliary mass can slip or slips.

    摘要翻译： 具有输入侧和输出侧的扭转阻尼器的扭转阻尼机构，其中输入侧和输出侧通过弹簧式存储的能量元件彼此弹性地连接，以在共同的辅助质量中旋转，该辅助质量可以同轴地旋转到 扭转阻尼机构通过摩擦区域与扭转阻尼机构摩擦连接，其中扭转阻尼机构和辅助质量块之间的摩擦连接具有预定的摩擦力矩。 当在施加到扭转阻尼机构的转矩发生峰值时超过该时刻，辅助质量可能滑动或滑动。