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    Thermal compensators for waveguide DBR laser sources
    1.
    发明授权
    Thermal compensators for waveguide DBR laser sources 失效
    用于波导DBR激光源的热补偿器

    公开(公告)号：US5870417A

    公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

    申请号：US822467

    申请日：1997-03-21

    申请人： Jean-Marc Verdiell ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Thomas L. Koch ,  Mehrdad Ziari

    发明人： Jean-Marc Verdiell ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Thomas L. Koch ,  Mehrdad Ziari

    IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/14 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/10

    CPC分类号： H01S5/146 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S5/02252 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/0261 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/106 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/1212 ,  H01S5/1225 ,  H01S5/4025 ,  H01S5/4087

    摘要： A waveguide DBR laser or waveguide DBR laser array may be comprised of a semiconductor gain element, or a series of semiconductor gain elements, in combination with a waveguide grating functioning as a resonant cavity end reflector for lasing operation comprising either an optical fiber having a fiber grating (fiber DBR laser) or a planar waveguide (planar waveguide DBR laser). The gain element may be comprised of a laser diode which has high efficient AR coating on its front facet so that it functions as a modulated gain element in a resonant cavity established between its rear HR facet and the grating formed in the external waveguide. Disclosed are ways to form this resonant cavity so that gain element modulation rates can be carried out in excess of 2 Gb/sec with suppression of longitudinal mode hops and/or with trimming to compensate for wavelength changes, rendering the waveguide DBR laser or waveguide DBR laser array highly suitable for WDM transmitter, dense WDM transmission systems and other communications applications.

    摘要翻译： 波导DBR激光器或波导DBR激光器阵列可以由半导体增益元件或一系列半导体增益元件组成，其与用作激光器操作的谐振腔端反射器的波导光栅组合，包括具有光纤的光纤 光纤（光纤DBR激光）或平面波导（平面波导DBR激光）。 增益元件可以由其前面具有高效AR涂层的激光二极管组成，使得其作为在其后HR面与形成在外部波导中的光栅之间建立的谐振腔中的调制增益元件起作用。 公开了形成这种谐振腔的方法，使得增益元件调制速率可以超过2Gb / s，抑制纵模跳跃和/或用修整来补偿波长变化，使得波导DBR激光器或波导DBR 激光阵列非常适合WDM发射机，密集WDM传输系统等通信应用。

    Multiple emitter semiconductor laser pump source for scaling of pump power and generation of unpolarized light for light signal amplification
    3.
    发明授权
    Multiple emitter semiconductor laser pump source for scaling of pump power and generation of unpolarized light for light signal amplification 有权
    用于缩放泵浦功率的多发射器半导体激光泵源和用于光信号放大的非偏振光的产生

    公开(公告)号：US06404542B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

    申请号：US09613519

    申请日：2000-07-10

    申请人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  David F. Welch ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Bardia Pezeshki ,  Robert J. Lang

    发明人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  David F. Welch ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Bardia Pezeshki ,  Robert J. Lang

    IPC分类号： H01S300

    CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/09415 ,  H01S3/302 ,  H01S5/02284 ,  H01S5/0652 ,  H01S5/0656 ,  H01S5/4012 ,  H01S5/4031

    摘要： A pump source for rare earth and Raman amplifiers or for distributed amplification uses two or more light sources to generate two source beams that are combined by a beam combiner to form the output pump beam. In accordance with one embodiment, the light sources are a diode laser array having be two or more monolithic laser stripes providing dual output beams having substantially the same polarization, such as the TE mode. One of the polarized due outputs is rotated 90° and both beams are applied to a birefringent crystal that combines the beams for insertion into an optical fiber or into a rare earth doped fiber or into a fiber capable of Raman amplification via SRS. The power output of each polarization in the combined beam can be measured and used to drive a feedback circuit that controls the current provided to each diode in order to maintain the power in the two polarization components of the output beam equal.

    摘要翻译： 用于稀土和拉曼放大器或用于分布式放大的泵浦源使用两个或更多个光源来产生由光束组合器组合以形成输出泵浦光束的两个源光束。 根据一个实施例，光源是具有两个或更多个单片激光条的二极管激光器阵列，提供具有基本上相同极化的双输出光束，例如TE模式。 偏振的正向输出之一旋转90°，并且将两个光束施加到双折射晶体，该双折射晶体将用于插入光纤的光束或掺入稀土掺杂的光纤中的光束或通过SRS拉曼放大的光纤组合。 可以测量组合光束中每个极化的功率输出，并用于驱动控制提供给每个二极管的电流的反馈电路，以便保持输出光束的两个偏振分量中的功率相等。

    Fiber grating-stabilized, semiconductor pump source
    4.
    发明授权
    Fiber grating-stabilized, semiconductor pump source 有权
    光纤光栅稳定，半导体泵浦源

    公开(公告)号：US06525872B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

    申请号：US09375687

    申请日：1999-08-17

    申请人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  Stephen O'Brien ,  Mats Hagberg ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Edward Vail

    发明人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  Stephen O'Brien ,  Mats Hagberg ,  Robert J. Lang ,  Edward Vail

    IPC分类号： H01S300

    CPC分类号： H01S5/1064 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S3/302 ,  H01S5/065 ,  H01S5/0656 ,  H01S5/146 ,  H01S5/4087

    摘要： High power semiconductor lasers for pumping fiber devices, such as fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers, include an optical gain region disposed between a rear end and the output end, the width of the optical gain region being greater at the output end than at the rear end. The optical gain region may include a single mode channel region coupled to a flared amplifier region. The light output from the laser is coupled via a lens system into a fiber for propagating to the fiber device to be pumped. Light is fedback into the laser, for example from a fiber Bragg grating, to induce the laser to operate in coherence collapse. The broad bandwidth output associated with coherence collapse permits the laser to deliver high optical powers into the fiber without the onset of stimulated Billion scattering. Fiber grating feedback improves the quality of the beam output by the laser, thus enhancing coupling efficiency into the fiber. The pump laser may be used to pump multiple fiber devices. Multiple pump lasers may be combined together.

    摘要翻译： 用于泵浦光纤器件（例如光纤放大器和光纤激光器）的大功率半导体激光器包括设置在后端和输出端之间的光学增益区域，光学增益区域的宽度在输出端比在后端更大 。 光增益区域可以包括耦合到扩口放大器区域的单模信道区域。 来自激光器的光输出通过透镜系统耦合到光纤中，以传播到待泵浦的光纤装置。 光反射到激光器中，例如从光纤布拉格光栅反射，以诱导激光器在相干性崩溃中操作。 与相干塌陷相关的宽带宽输出允许激光器将高光功率传递到光纤中，而不会发生刺激的亿亿分散。 光纤光栅反馈提高了激光束的光束输出质量，从而提高光纤耦合效率。 泵浦激光器可用于泵送多个光纤装置。 多个泵浦激光器可以组合在一起。

    Stabilization of laser sources with closely-coupled optical reflectors using an internal dither circuit
    7.
    发明授权
    Stabilization of laser sources with closely-coupled optical reflectors using an internal dither circuit 有权
    使用内部抖动电路使紧密耦合的光反射器稳定激光源

    公开(公告)号：US06215809B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

    申请号：US09197062

    申请日：1998-11-20

    申请人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Robert J. Lang ,  John DeAndrea ,  Michael L. Bortz ,  Brian F. Ventrudo

    发明人： Mehrdad Ziari ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Robert J. Lang ,  John DeAndrea ,  Michael L. Bortz ,  Brian F. Ventrudo

    IPC分类号： H01S308

    CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 ,  H01S5/0652 ,  H01S5/146

    摘要： Apparatus for providing a laser source optically coupled to an optical waveguide, such as an optical fiber, having a reflective grating positioned from the output facet of the laser source a distance equal to or greater than the coherence length of the laser source providing a portion of reflective feedback into the laser source optical cavity to maintain wavelength operation of the laser source in spite of changes in the laser operating temperature or drive current based upon coherence collapse in the laser operation. In cases where the fiber grating is positioned in the fiber within the coherence length of the laser source, intermittent coherence collapse, as opposed to continuous coherence collapse, is unavoidable. In cases where such a laser source is a pumping source for a solid state gain medium, such as an optical amplifier or laser having an active gain element, e.g., an Er doped amplifier, undesirable perturbations in the laser source output are present which have a deleterious effect on the operation of the solid state gain medium. The effect of these undesirable perturbations are substantially removed by a small, continuous variation or dither in the driving current of the laser source having a rate of variation that exceeds the active gain element excited state lifetime thereby controlling the switching of the laser source operation between states of coherency and coherence collapse. As a result, the effects of laser source perturbations are avoided so as not to have an effect on the operation of the coupled solid state gain medium so that its gain stability is improved. Various embodiments of dither circuits are disclosed. In addition, polarization-maintaining behavior is induced in optical waveguides to further improve laser source stability.

    摘要翻译： 用于提供光学耦合到诸如光纤的光波导的激光源的设备，其具有从激光源的输出小面定位的反射光栅，距离等于或大于激光源的相干长度，该距离提供一部分 反射反射到激光源光学腔中以保持激光源的波长操作，尽管激光器工作温度或驱动电流基于激光器操作中的相干性崩溃而发生变化。 在光纤光栅位于激光源的相干长度内的纤维光纤的情况下，与连续相干塌陷相反，间歇性相干塌陷是不可避免的。 在这种激光源是用于固态增益介质的泵浦源的情况下，例如具有有源增益元件（例如，Er掺杂放大器）的光放大器或激光器，存在激光源输出中的不期望的扰动，其具有 对固态增益介质的操作有害的影响。 这些不期望的扰动的效果通过在激光源的驱动电流中的小的连续变化或抖动基本上消除，其具有超过有源增益元件激发态寿命的变化率，从而控制状态之间的激光源操作的切换 的一致性和一致性崩溃。 结果，避免了激光源扰动的影响，从而不会对耦合的固态增益介质的操作产生影响，从而提高了其增益稳定性。 公开了抖动电路的各种实施例。 此外，在光波导中引起偏振保持行为以进一步提高激光源的稳定性。

    Pump coupling of double clad fibers
    9.
    发明授权
    Pump coupling of double clad fibers 有权
    双包层纤维的泵耦合

    公开(公告)号：US06477295B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

    申请号：US09488166

    申请日：2000-01-20

    申请人： Robert J. Lang ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Ian J. Booth ,  David M. Giltner ,  Steven Sanders

    发明人： Robert J. Lang ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Ian J. Booth ,  David M. Giltner ,  Steven Sanders

    IPC分类号： G02B626

    CPC分类号： G02B6/2848 ,  G02B6/02042 ,  G02B6/03633 ,  G02B6/2817 ,  G02B6/2852 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/094007 ,  H01S3/094019

    摘要： Apparatus for coupling light into a fiber, such as a double clad fiber (DCF) having a core having a refractive index n1, surrounded by an inner cladding having refractive index n2 which is surrounded by an outer cladding having a refractive index n3, where n1>n2>n3. An optical coupler medium, referred to as a Fiber Space Division Multiplexor or FSDM, is formed on an exposed portion of the fiber inner cladding at a position along the length of the fiber without interfering with the continuity of its core and provides at, at least one position, the imaging of light external of the fiber into the inner cladding interface and its waveguiding with the inner cladding of the fiber. The FSDM coupler comprises an optical material in optical contact or integrated with the inner cladding and having a refractive index substantially equal to n2. The coupler medium may also be employed with a fiber having no core and where the inner cladding would function as a multimode core. Also, disclosed are formed reflectors for reflecting back residual, unabsorbed pump light backward into the DCF inner cladding for absorption within the core doped with a rare earth active material. Other embodiments provided for the removal of pump light from the DCF inner cladding.

    摘要翻译： 用于将光耦合到光纤中的装置，例如具有折射率为n1的芯的双包层光纤（DCF），由具有折射率n3的外包层围绕的具有折射率n2的内包层围绕，其中n1 > n2> n3。 称为光纤空间分割多路复用器或FSDM的光耦合器介质在纤维内包层的沿着光纤长度的位置的暴露部分上形成，而不干扰其芯的连续性，并至少提供 一个位置，将光纤的外部成像到内包层界面中，并且其与纤维的内包层的波导成像。 FSDM耦合器包括光学接触的光学材料或与内部包层整体并具有基本上等于n2的折射率。 耦合介质也可以与不具有芯的纤维一起使用，并且内包层将用作多模芯。 此外，公开了反射器，用于将残留的未吸收的泵浦光反射回到DCF内包层中，用于在掺杂有稀土活性材料的芯内吸收。 提供用于从DCF内包层去除泵浦光的其它实施例。