公开(公告)号：US07729403B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-01

申请号：US11804888

申请日：2007-05-21

申请人： Jorge J. Rocca ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane ,  David Gaudiosi ,  Michael E. Grisham ,  Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Brendan A. Reagan

发明人： Jorge J. Rocca ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane ,  David Gaudiosi ,  Michael E. Grisham ,  Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Brendan A. Reagan

IPC分类号： H01S3/03

CPC分类号： G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3501 ,  G02F1/355 ,  H05G2/003 ,  H05G2/008

摘要： A pre-ionized medium created by a capillary discharge results in more efficient use of laser energy in high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from ions. It extends the cutoff photon energy, and reduces the distortion of the laser pulse as it propagates down the waveguide. The observed enhancements result from a combination of reduced ionization energy loss and reduced ionization-induced defocusing of the driving laser as well as waveguiding of the driving laser pulse. The discharge plasma also provides a means to spectrally tune the harmonics by tailoring the initial level of ionization of the medium.

摘要翻译： 通过毛细管放电产生的预电离介质可以更有效地利用来自离子的高次谐波产生（HHG）中的激光能量。 它扩展了截止光子能量，并且当激光脉冲向下传播时减小激光脉冲的失真。 所观察到的增强是由驱动激光器的电离能量损失减少和离子化引起的散焦以及驱动激光脉冲波导的组合引起的。 放电等离子体还提供了通过调节介质的初始电离水平来光谱调谐谐波的手段。

公开(公告)号：US20110007772A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-13

申请号：US12765859

申请日：2010-04-22

申请人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Ming-Chang Chen ,  Alon Bahabad ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

发明人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Ming-Chang Chen ,  Alon Bahabad ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

IPC分类号： H05G2/00 ,  H01S3/22

CPC分类号： H05G2/00 ,  G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F2001/354

摘要： Phase-matched high-order harmonic generation of soft and hard X-rays is accomplished using infrared driving lasers in a high-pressure non-linear medium. The pressure of the non-linear medium is increased to multi-atmospheres and a mid-IR (or higher) laser device provides the driving pulse. Based on this scaling, also a general method for global optimization of the flux of phase-matched high-order harmonic generation at a desired wavelength is designed.

摘要翻译： 使用高压非线性介质中的红外驱动激光器实现软和硬X射线的相位匹配高次谐波产生。 非线性介质的压力增加到多个大气压，中红外（或更高）的激光器件提供驱动脉冲。 基于该比例，还设计了在期望波长处的相位匹配高次谐波生成的通量的全局优化的一般方法。

公开(公告)号：US08462824B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-11

申请号：US12765859

申请日：2010-04-22

申请人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Ming-Chang Chen ,  Alon Bahabad ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

发明人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Ming-Chang Chen ,  Alon Bahabad ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

IPC分类号： H01S3/10

CPC分类号： H05G2/00 ,  G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F2001/354

摘要： Phase-matched high-order harmonic generation of soft and hard X-rays is accomplished using infrared driving lasers in a high-pressure non-linear medium. The pressure of the non-linear medium is increased to multi-atmospheres and a mid-IR (or higher) laser device provides the driving pulse. Based on this scaling, also a general method for global optimization of the flux of phase-matched high-order harmonic generation at a desired wavelength is designed.

摘要翻译： 使用高压非线性介质中的红外驱动激光器实现软和硬X射线的相位匹配高次谐波产生。 非线性介质的压力增加到多个大气压，中红外（或更高）的激光器件提供驱动脉冲。 基于该比例，还设计了在期望波长处的相位匹配高次谐波生成的通量的全局优化的一般方法。

公开(公告)号：US20150063385A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-05

申请号：US14477853

申请日：2014-09-04

申请人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Dimitar V. Popmintchev ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

发明人： Tenio V. Popmintchev ,  Dimitar V. Popmintchev ,  Margaret M. Murnane ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

IPC分类号： H01S3/109 ,  H01S3/104

CPC分类号： G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F1/355 ,  G02F2001/354

摘要： A method for extending and enhancing bright coherent high-order harmonic generation into the VUV-EUV-X-ray regions of the spectrum involves a way of accomplishing phase matching or effective phase matching of extreme upconversion of laser light at high conversion efficiency, approaching 10−3 in some spectral regions, and at significantly higher photon energies in a waveguide geometry, in a self-guiding geometry, a gas cell, or a loosely focusing geometry, containing nonlinear medium. The extension and enhancement of the coherent VUV, EUV, X-ray emission to high photon energies relies on using VUV-UV-VIS lasers of shorter wavelength. This leads to enhancement of macroscopic phase matching parameters due to stronger contribution of linear and nonlinear dispersion of both atoms and ions, combined with a strong microscopic single-atom yield.

摘要翻译： 在光谱的VUV-EUV-X射线区域中扩展和增强亮相干高次谐波的方法涉及到以高转换效率实现激光的极端上变频的相位匹配或有效相位匹配的方法，接近10 -3，并且在波导几何形状中的显着更高的光子能量，包含非线性介质的自引导几何形状，气体单元或松散聚焦几何形状。 将相干VUV，EUV，X射线发射到高光子能量的扩展和增强依赖于使用较短波长的VUV-UV-VIS激光器。 这导致宏观相位匹配参数的增强，原因和原子离子的线性和非线性色散的贡献较强，结合强大的单原子产量。

公开(公告)号：US07664147B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-16

申请号：US12002523

申请日：2007-12-17

申请人： Oren Cohen ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane

发明人： Oren Cohen ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane

IPC分类号： H01S3/30

CPC分类号： G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F2001/354 ,  H05G2/001

摘要： Phase matching high harmonic generation (HHG) uses a single, long duration non-collinear modulating pulse intersecting the driving pulse. A femtosecond driving pulse is focused into an HHG medium (such as a noble gas) to cause high-harmonic generation (HHG), for example in the X-ray region of the spectrum, via electrons separating from and recombining with gas atoms. A non-collinear pulse intersects the driving pulse within the gas, and modulates the field seen by the electrons while separated from their atoms. The modulating pulse is low power and long duration, and its frequency and amplitude is chosen to improve HHG phase matching by increasing the areas of constructive interference between the driving pulse and the HHG, relative to the areas of destructive interference.

摘要翻译： 相位匹配高次谐波产生（HHG）使用与驱动脉冲相交的单个长时间非共线调制脉冲。 通过从气体原子分离和再结合的电子，将飞秒脉冲驱动脉冲聚焦到例如在光谱的X射线区域中的HHG介质（例如惰性气体）中以引起高次谐波发生（HHG）。 非共线脉冲与气体内的驱动脉冲相交，并调制电子与原子分离时所看到的场。 调制脉冲是低功率和长持续时间，并且通过增加驱动脉冲和HHG之间相对于相消干涉区域的建构性干扰的面积来选择其频率和幅度来改善HHG相位匹配。

公开(公告)号：US20080144672A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US12002523

申请日：2007-12-17

申请人： Oren Cohen ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane

发明人： Oren Cohen ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Mumane

IPC分类号： H01S3/091

CPC分类号： G02F1/353 ,  G02F1/3544 ,  G02F2001/354 ,  H05G2/001

摘要： Phase matching high harmonic generation (HHG) uses a single, long duration non-collinear modulating pulse intersecting the driving pulse. A femtosecond driving pulse is focused into an HHG medium (such as a noble gas) to cause high-harmonic generation (HHG), for example in the X-ray region of the spectrum, via electrons separating from and recombining with gas atoms. A non-collinear pulse intersects the driving pulse within the gas, and modulates the field seen by the electrons while separated from their atoms. The modulating pulse is low power and long duration, and its frequency and amplitude is chosen to improve HHG phase matching by increasing the areas of constructive interference between the driving pulse and the HHG, relative to the areas of destructive interference.

摘要翻译： 相位匹配高次谐波产生（HHG）使用与驱动脉冲相交的单个长时间非共线调制脉冲。 通过从气体原子分离和再结合的电子，将飞秒脉冲驱动脉冲聚焦到例如在光谱的X射线区域中的HHG介质（例如惰性气体）中以引起高次谐波发生（HHG）。 非共线脉冲与气体内的驱动脉冲相交，并调制电子与原子分离时所看到的场。 调制脉冲是低功率和长持续时间，并且通过增加驱动脉冲和HHG之间相对于相消干涉区域的建构性干扰的面积来选择其频率和幅度来改善HHG相位匹配。

公开(公告)号：US06804287B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10062584

申请日：2002-02-02

申请人： Sterling J. Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret Mary Murnane

发明人： Sterling J. Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret Mary Murnane

IPC分类号： H01S3091

CPC分类号： H01S3/235 ,  H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/0064 ,  H01S3/025 ,  H01S3/0407 ,  H01S3/042 ,  H01S3/083 ,  H01S3/094038 ,  H01S3/2308 ,  H01S3/2325

摘要： A laser amplifier system amplifies pulses in a single “stage” from ˜10−9 joules to more than 10−3 joules, with average power of 1-10 watts, and beam quality M2

摘要翻译： 激光放大器系统将单个“阶段”中的脉冲从〜10 -9焦耳放大到大于10 -3焦耳，平均功率为1-10瓦，波束质量M 2 <2。 将激光介质冷却至低于室温，作为改善介质的光学和热特性的手段。 这是通过密封，抽真空或清洗的电池中的介质进行的，以避免水分或其他材料在表面上凝结。 来自单独激光器的“种子”脉冲以包括单通，多通和再生放大器配置的各种配置中的任何一种通过激光介质一次或多次。

公开(公告)号：US09891584B2

公开(公告)日：2018-02-13

申请号：US14839738

申请日：2015-08-28

申请人： Bosheng Zhang ,  Matthew D. Seaberg ,  Daniel E. Adams ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

发明人： Bosheng Zhang ,  Matthew D. Seaberg ,  Daniel E. Adams ,  Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Margaret M. Murnane

IPC分类号： H04N19/124 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01N23/2055 ,  G03H1/04 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G02B27/42 ,  G03H1/16 ,  G03F7/20 ,  G03F1/84 ,  G01N23/205 ,  H04N19/109 ,  G03H1/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/956

CPC分类号： G03H1/0443 ,  G01N21/4788 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G01N23/2055 ,  G01N2021/95676 ,  G01N2223/33 ,  G01N2223/345 ,  G01N2223/611 ,  G01N2223/6116 ,  G02B21/0016 ,  G02B27/4205 ,  G03F1/84 ,  G03F7/70625 ,  G03H1/0465 ,  G03H1/0866 ,  G03H1/16 ,  G03H2001/005 ,  G03H2001/0445 ,  G03H2001/0447 ,  G03H2001/045 ,  G03H2001/0456 ,  G03H2001/0473 ,  G03H2001/0825 ,  G03H2240/62 ,  G21K7/00 ,  G21K2207/005

摘要： Apparatus and methods for coherent diffractive imaging with arbitrary angle of illumination incidence utilize a method of fast remapping of a detected diffraction intensity pattern from a detector pixel array (initial grid) to a uniform spatial frequency grid (final grid) chosen to allow for FFT on the remapped pattern. This is accomplished by remapping the initial grid to an intermediate grid chosen to result in a final grid that is linear in spatial frequency. The initial grid is remapped (generally by interpolation) to the intermediate grid that is calculated to correspond to the final grid. In general, the initial grid (x,y) is uniform in space, the intermediate grid ({tilde over (x)},{tilde over (y)}) is non-uniform in spatial frequency, and the final grid ({tilde over (f)}x,{tilde over (f)}y) is uniform in spatial frequency.

公开(公告)号：US07242520B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-10

申请号：US11501206

申请日：2006-08-08

申请人： Sterling J. Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

发明人： Sterling J. Backus ,  Henry C. Kapteyn

IPC分类号： H01S3/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/005 ,  H01S3/0078 ,  H01S3/025 ,  H01S3/0407 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S3/1625 ,  H01S3/1636 ,  H01S3/2325 ,  H01S2301/02 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H04B10/25073

摘要： A method for optimizing multipass laser amplifier output utilizes a spectral filter in early passes but not in later passes. The pulses shift position slightly for each pass through the amplifier, and the filter is placed such that early passes intersect the filter while later passes bypass it. The filter position may be adjust offline in order to adjust the number of passes in each category. The filter may be optimized for use in a cryogenic amplifier.

摘要翻译： 一种优化多通道激光放大器输出的方法是在早期通过时使用光谱滤波器，但不会在后续通过。 脉冲对于每次通过放大器的位置稍微移位，并且过滤器被放置成使得早期通过与过滤器相交，而稍后通过旁路。 过滤器位置可以离线调整，以便调整每个类别中的通过次数。 滤波器可以被优化用于低温放大器。

公开(公告)号：US07072101B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-04

申请号：US10436579

申请日：2003-05-10

申请人： Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Sterling J. Backus

发明人： Henry C. Kapteyn ,  Sterling J. Backus

IPC分类号： H01S3/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/0057 ,  H01S3/2308

摘要： An ultrashort pulse amplifier produces high-power ultrafast laser pulses. Pulses first have net negative (i.e. blue to red) chirp applied, and are then amplified in a laser amplifier. After amplification, the pulses are compressed using propagation through a block of material or other convenient optical system with a positive sign of chromatic dispersion. High-order dispersion correction may also be included.

摘要翻译： 超短脉冲放大器产生大功率超快激光脉冲。 脉冲首先具有净负（即蓝色至红色）啁啾声，然后在激光放大器中放大。 放大后，脉冲通过材料块或其他方便的光学系统传播通过色散的正号进行压缩。 还可以包括高阶色散校正。