摘要:
A fuel cell, which can supply stable output even at elevated temperatures and can maintain its power generation performance over a long period of time, can be realized by an electrode for a fuel cell comprising a catalyst layer formed of a catalyst composite and a binder, the catalyst composite comprising a proton-conductive inorganic oxide and an oxidation-reduction catalyst phase supported on the proton-conductive inorganic oxide, the proton-conductive inorganic oxide comprising a catalyst carrier selected from tin(Sn)-doped In2O3, fluorine(F)-doped SnO2, and antimony(Sb)-doped SnO2 and an oxide particle phase chemically bonded to the surface of the catalyst carrier. The catalyst composite is manufactured by dispersing a catalyst carrier in a solution containing a material as a starting material for an oxide particle phase, heat treating the dispersion to form a proton-conductive inorganic oxide, further dispersing the proton-conductive inorganic oxide in a catalyst precursor-containing solution, and subjecting the dispersion to heat treatment or pH adjustment to deposit a catalyst phase.
摘要翻译:即使在升高的温度下也可以提供稳定的输出并且可以长时间维持其发电性能的燃料电池可以通过包括由催化剂复合材料和粘合剂形成的催化剂层的燃料电池的电极来实现, 所述催化剂复合体包含质子传导性无机氧化物和负载在所述质子传导性无机氧化物上的氧化还原催化剂相,所述质子传导性无机氧化物包含选自锡(Sn)掺杂的In 2 O 3,氟(F) 掺杂的SnO 2和锑(Sb)掺杂的SnO 2和化学键合到催化剂载体的表面上的氧化物颗粒相。 催化剂复合体是通过将催化剂载体分散在含有作为氧化物粒子相原料的材料的溶液中进行热处理而形成质子传导性无机氧化物,进一步将质子传导性无机氧化物分散在催化剂 含有前体的溶液,并对分散体进行热处理或pH调节以沉积催化剂相。
摘要:
A method of forming a pattern comprising the steps of forming a film of an organosilane compound comprising a polysilane having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1) on a substrate, irradiating an actinic radiation onto a predetermined portion of the film of the organosilane compound formed on the substrate, and removing the predetermined portion of the film irradiated by the actinic radiation by dissolving it with an aqueous alkaline developing solution. ##STR1## wherein Ar is a substituted or non-substituted aryl group.
摘要:
A material of forming silicon oxide film comprising a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1A), (1B) or (1C); ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a substituent group which can be eliminated at a temperature ranging from 250.degree. C. to the glass transition point of the material of forming silicon oxide film; and R.sup.2 is a substituent group which cannot be eliminated at a temperature of 250.degree. C. or more.
摘要:
There is proposed a method of forming an insulating film pattern, which enables an insulating pattern of high precision and low dielectric constant to be easily obtained by means of an alkali development with basic solution. This method comprises the steps of coating a photosensitive composition comprising a first silicone polymer having a specific monomer and a second silicone polymer having a specific monomer on a substrate thereby to form a film of photosensitive composition, selectively exposing the film of photosensitive composition, alkali-developing the exposed film to form a pattern, and heat-treating the pattern of the photosensitive composition film.
摘要:
A black coloring composition comprising, a black inorganic pigment formed of an oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 .mu.m or less and comprising at least one kind of metal s elected from metals belonging to Groups 4 to 11 and also to the fourth period, at least one kinds of dispersant selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral resin represented by the following general formula (1), polyacrylic resin represented by the following general formula (2), and a higher carboxylic acid represented by the following general formula (3), and an organic solvent: ##STR1## wherein x=0.01 to 0.9, y.ltoreq.0.05, and n is an integer; ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, a=0 to 0.9, and n is an integer;R.sup.4 COOH (3)wherein R.sup.4 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, there is provided a method of forming a pattern, including forming a thermally crosslinkable molecule layer including a thermally crosslinkable molecule on a substrate, forming a photosensitive composition layer including a photosensitive composition on the thermally crosslinkable molecule layer, chemically binding the thermally crosslinkable molecule to the photosensitive composition by heating, selectively irradiating the photosensitive composition layer with energy rays, forming a block copolymer layer including a block copolymer on the photosensitive composition layer, and forming a microphase-separated structure in the block copolymer layer.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a first stacked structure body, a first semiconductor layer, a first organic film, a first semiconductor-side insulating film, and a first electrode-side insulating film. The first stacked structure body includes a plurality of first electrode films stacked along a first direction and a first inter-electrode insulating film provided between the first electrode films. The first semiconductor layer is opposed to side faces of the first electrode films. The first organic film is provided between the side faces of the first electrode films and the first semiconductor layer and containing an organic compound. The first semiconductor-side insulating film is provided between the first organic film and the first semiconductor layer. The first electrode-side insulating film provided between the first organic film and the side faces of the first electrode films.
摘要:
The present invention provides a dye sensitized solar cell comprising an n-type semiconductor electrode containing a dye, an opposed electrode, and a gel electrolyte arranged between the n-type semiconductor and the opposed electrode and containing a gelling agent and an electrolyte that contains iodine, wherein the gelling agent contains a compound including an N-containing group and at least one atomic group selected from a group consisting of a sulfonic group and a carboxylic group.
摘要:
A solar cell includes: a first electrode layer formed on a substrate; a generating layer formed on the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer formed on the generating layer, at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer being a metal electrode layer having optical transparency, the metal electrode layer having a plurality of openings that penetrate through the metal electrode layer. The metal electrode layer includes metal parts, any two metal parts of the metal electrode layer continues to each other without a cut portion, the metal electrode layer has a film thickness in the range of 10 nm to 200 nm, and sizes of the openings are equal to or smaller than ½ of the wavelength of light to be used for generating electricity.
摘要:
An optical recording/reproducing apparatus includes an optical recording medium in which a holograms are recorded depending on an incident angle of a reference beam. The reference beam is irradiated to holograms while changing the incident angle to generate a reproduction light beam, and an image patterns are detected by an image pattern detector. The continuously output reproduction image patterns are temporarily stored in an image recorder, and the maximum value of reproduction light intensity is detected to generate a trigger signal. Depending on the trigger signal, an optimal image pattern is extracted from continuous reproduction image patterns, and thus, two-dimensional data is decoded.