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公开(公告)号:US5794692A
公开(公告)日:1998-08-18
申请号:US144735
申请日:1993-10-28
CPC分类号: F28F9/0224 , F28D1/05383 , F28F9/02 , F28D2021/0084
摘要: Restrictions on the major dimension of flattened tubes used in heat exchangers employing oval shaped, two piece headers/tank assemblies can be minimized in a construction including a plurality of flattened tubes (14) each having a minor dimension and a major dimension transverse thereto and extending in spaced parallel relation. Fins (16) are in heat exchange relation with the tubes (14) and a pair of spaced, parallel, elongated headers/tank assemblies (10, 12) are provided between which the tubes (14) extend. At least one of the headers/tank assemblies (10, 12) is a multiple piece header/tank assembly including a header piece (20) and a separate tank piece (22). The header piece (20) is elongated and provided with a plurality of slots (28) sized to receive ends of the tubes (14) with the tube major dimensions being generally transverse to the direction of elongation of the header piece (20). The header piece further includes a peripheral flange (24). The tank piece (22) is elongated, concave and has a peripheral flange (44) nested within the peripheral flange (22) of the header piece (20). The two are bonded together to form a unitary tubular structure and the peripheral flange (42) of the tank piece has alternating crests (52) and valleys (50) with the valleys (50) having a width greater than the tube minor dimension and being aligned with the tube ends. As a consequence, a flow to the tubes (14) is not obstructed by the peripheral flange (42) on the tank piece because of the valleys (50) therein.
摘要翻译: 在使用椭圆形的两片式集管/罐组件的热交换器中使用的扁平管的主要尺寸的限制可以在包括多个扁平管(14)的结构中最小化,每个扁平管具有小尺寸和横向于其的主尺寸 间隔平行关系。 金属丝(16)与管(14)处于热交换关系,并且提供一对间隔开的平行的细长的集管/罐组件(10,12),管(14)延伸在其间。 集管/箱组件(10,12)中的至少一个是包括集管件(20)和单独的罐件(22)的多件式集管/箱组件。 集管件(20)是细长的,并且设置有多个狭槽(28),其尺寸设置成接收管(14)的端部,其中管的主要尺寸通常横向于头部件(20)的伸长方向。 集管件还包括周边凸缘(24)。 罐件(22)是细长的,凹形的并且具有嵌套在头部件(20)的周边法兰(22)内的周边凸缘(44)。 两者结合在一起以形成一体的管状结构,并且罐件的周边凸缘(42)具有交替的顶部(52)和谷(50),其中谷(50)的宽度大于管的微小尺寸,并且是 与管端对齐。 因此,由于其中的谷(50),流向管(14)的流动不会被罐件上的周边凸缘(42)阻挡。
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公开(公告)号:US07037610B2
公开(公告)日:2006-05-02
申请号:US10246223
申请日:2002-09-18
IPC分类号: H01M8/18
CPC分类号: H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04134
摘要: Energy consumption is minimized in the fuel cell system including a fuel cell 10 having a fuel inlet 14, an oxidant inlet 12, a cathode gas outlet 16 and an anode tail gas outlet 18. At least one humidifier 52,70; 54,72, is interposed between a source of air or fuel and includes an interior energy containing medium flow path 60,61; 62,64; 78,80; 72,84 in heat exchange relation with a reactant flow path 56,58; 74,76 together with a source 46 of water connected to the reactant flow path 56;58; 74,76 to be vaporized therein. The energy containing medium flow path 60,61; 62,64; 78,80; 82,84 is connected to one of the outlets 16,18 to receive a heated fluid therefrom to provide the heat of vaporization to the aqueous material.
摘要翻译: 燃料电池系统中的能量消耗最小化,包括具有燃料入口14,氧化剂入口12,阴极气体出口16和阳极尾气出口18的燃料电池10。 至少一个加湿器52,70; 54,72插入在空气源或燃料源之间并且包括内部能量,包含介质流动路径60,61; 62,64; 78,80; 72,84与反应物流动路径56,58的热交换关系; 74,76以及连接到反应物流路56,58的水源46; 74,76在其中蒸发。 含能量介质流路60,61; 62,64; 78,80; 82,84连接到出口16,18中的一个以从其接收加热的流体以向水性材料提供汽化热。
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公开(公告)号:US06924051B2
公开(公告)日:2005-08-02
申请号:US10115343
申请日:2002-04-03
CPC分类号: H01M8/02 , F28D9/0062 , F28F3/027 , F28F3/044 , F28F2245/02 , F28F2250/108 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04164 , H01M2008/1095
摘要: Degradation of membranes in fuel cells 10 due to dehydration by relatively dry incoming reactant gases is avoided through the use of a humidifier 56,58 in the incoming reactant streams, 12,14. At least one of the humidifiers 56,58 is formed in a stack 66 having alternating flow passages 68,70 with the former receiving reactant gases and including fins 102 therein and the latter receiving hot coolant from the fuel cell 10. The fins 102 in the flow spaces 68 are provided with a hydrophilic coating to foster filmwise evaporation of water introduced through a nozzle 82. The humidifier causes the reactant gas to attain a desired dewpoint before it is provided to the membranes of the fuel cell 10.
摘要翻译: 通过在进入的反应物流12,14中使用加湿器56,58,避免了由于相对干燥的进料反应气体的脱水导致的燃料电池10中的膜的降解。 加湿器56,58中的至少一个形成在具有交替流动通道68,70的堆叠66中,其中前者接收反应气体并且在其中包括翅片102,并且后者从燃料电池10接收热的冷却剂。 流动空间68设置有亲水涂层以促进通过喷嘴82引入的水的薄膜蒸发。加湿器在提供给燃料电池10的膜之前使反应气体达到所需的露点。
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公开(公告)号:US07618598B2
公开(公告)日:2009-11-17
申请号:US10998852
申请日:2004-11-29
申请人: Michael J. Reinke , Dennis C. Granetzke , Mark G. Voss , Randolph S. Herrick , Jonathan P. Wattelet , Roland Strähle
发明人: Michael J. Reinke , Dennis C. Granetzke , Mark G. Voss , Randolph S. Herrick , Jonathan P. Wattelet , Roland Strähle
CPC分类号: B01J19/249 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2459 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2474 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2493 , B01J2219/2498 , C01B3/323 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1623 , C01B2203/82 , F28D9/005 , F28F3/027 , F28F13/12
摘要: A catalytic reactor/heat exchange device (10) is provided for generating a catalytic reaction in a reaction fluid flow (12) and transferring heat to a cooling fluid flow (14). The device includes reaction flow channels (20) with turbulators (30) therein. The turbulators (30) include an initial portion (40) and a selected portion (34) that includes a catalytic layer or coating (36) to initiate the desired catalytic reaction at a location (38) located downstream from the initial portion (40). In some preferred forms, each of the selected portions (34) of the turbulators (30) include at least one downstream section (103, 120) wherein the heat transfer performance has been intentionally reduced to improve performance of the device (10) during start up conditions.
摘要翻译: 提供催化反应器/热交换装置(10),用于在反应流体流(12)中产生催化反应并将热传递到冷却流体流(14)。 该装置包括其中具有湍流器(30)的反应流动通道(20)。 紊流器(30)包括初始部分(40)和选择部分(34),其包括催化层或涂层(36),以在位于初始部分(40)下游的位置(38)处引发期望的催化反应, 。 在一些优选形式中,湍流器(30)的所选择的部分(34)中的每一个包括至少一个下游部分(103,120),其中有意地降低了传热性能,以提高启动期间设备(10)的性能 up条件。
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公开(公告)号:US07494516B2
公开(公告)日:2009-02-24
申请号:US11059005
申请日:2005-02-16
申请人: Michael J. Reinke , Jeroen Valensa , Todd Bandhauer , Nicholas Siler , Mark G. Voss , Michael McGregor , Dennis C. Granetzke
发明人: Michael J. Reinke , Jeroen Valensa , Todd Bandhauer , Nicholas Siler , Mark G. Voss , Michael McGregor , Dennis C. Granetzke
IPC分类号: B01J8/00
CPC分类号: B01J19/244 , B01B1/005 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/2485 , B01J19/249 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/0004 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/0009 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00155 , B01J2219/00157 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/2455 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/2459 , B01J2219/2464 , B01J2219/2465 , B01J2219/2466 , B01J2219/2467 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2474 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2486 , C01B3/16 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1017 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/12 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/82 , F28D7/024 , F28D7/10 , F28D7/106 , F28F1/105 , F28F1/42 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/0618 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02P20/129
摘要: A recuperative heat exchanger (36) is provided for use in a fuel processor (20), the heat exchanger (36) transferring heat from a fluid flow (34) at one stage of a fuel processing operation to the fluid flow (32) at another stage of the fuel processing operation. The heat exchanger (36) includes a housing (56) defining first and second axially extending, concentric annular passages in heat transfer relation to each other; a first convoluted fin (70) located in the first passage to direct the fluid flow therethrough; and a second convoluted fin (72) located in the second passage to direct the fluid flow therethrough.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于燃料处理器(20)中的换热器(36),该热交换器(36)将燃料处理操作的一个阶段的流体流(34)的热量传递到流体流(32) 燃料加工操作的另一个阶段。 热交换器(36)包括壳体(56),其限定出彼此以热传导关系的第一和第二轴向延伸的同心环形通道; 位于所述第一通道中以引导流体流过其中的第一回旋翅片(70) 和位于第二通道中的第二回旋翅片(72),以引导流体流过其中。
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公开(公告)号:US07455723B2
公开(公告)日:2008-11-25
申请号:US11315669
申请日:2005-12-22
IPC分类号: F17C11/00
CPC分类号: F17C11/005 , C01B3/0005 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/324
摘要: A hydrogen storage and release device (10) is provided for storing and releasing hydrogen from a metal hydride (30) contained in the device (10) based on heat transfer to or from a coolant flow provided through the device (10). The device (10) includes a housing (12) and a metal hydride containing a tube bundle located within the housing (12), with the exteriors (26) of the tubes (16) of the bundle (14) being reduced over a selected length to provide a free flow area for the coolant flow.
摘要翻译: 提供储氢和释放装置(10),用于基于通过装置(10)提供的冷却剂流的热传递来从包含在装置(10)中的金属氢化物(30)储存和释放氢。 装置(10)包括壳体(12)和包含位于壳体(12)内的管束的金属氢化物,其中束(14)的管(16)的外部(26)被减少到选定的 长度以提供冷却剂流的自由流动面积。
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公开(公告)号:US20080038600A1
公开(公告)日:2008-02-14
申请号:US11503611
申请日:2006-08-14
申请人: Jeroen Valensa , Michael G. Reinke , Mark G. Voss
发明人: Jeroen Valensa , Michael G. Reinke , Mark G. Voss
CPC分类号: H01M8/0612 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04074
摘要: An integrated fuel cell unit (10) includes an annular array (12) of fuel cell stacks (14), an annular cathode recuperator (20), an annular anode recuperator (22), a reformer (24), and an anode exhaust cooler (26), all integrated within a common housing structure (28).
摘要翻译: 集成燃料电池单元(10)包括燃料电池堆(14)的环形阵列(12),环形阴极换热器(20),环形阳极换热器(22),重整器(24)和阳极排气冷却器 (26),均集成在共同的住房结构(28)内。
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公开(公告)号:US06948559B2
公开(公告)日:2005-09-27
申请号:US10370157
申请日:2003-02-19
申请人: Michael J. Reinke , Jeroen Valensa , Mark G. Voss
发明人: Michael J. Reinke , Jeroen Valensa , Mark G. Voss
CPC分类号: F28F13/08 , F28D9/005 , F28D9/0056 , F28D9/0093 , F28D2021/0043
摘要: An evaporative heat exchanger (10) is provided for the transfer of heat to a first fluid (30) from a second fluid (28) and a third fluid (22) to vaporize the first fluid (30). The heat exchanger (10) includes a core (40), a first flow path (60) in the core for the first fluid (30), a second flow path (66) in the core (40) for the second fluid (28), and a third flow path (68) in the core (40) for the third fluid (22). The core (40) includes a first section (42), a second section (44), and a third section (46), with the second section (44) connecting the first and third sections (42, 46). The first flow path (60) extends through all of the sections (42, 44, 46), the second flow path (66) extends through the first section (42), and the third flow path (68) extends through the third section (46).
摘要翻译: 提供蒸发热交换器(10),用于从第二流体(28)和第三流体(22)将热量转移到第一流体(30)以蒸发第一流体(30)。 热交换器(10)包括芯(40),用于第一流体(30)的芯中的第一流动路径(60),用于第二流体(28)的芯体(40)中的第二流动路径 )和用于第三流体(22)的芯(40)中的第三流动路径(68)。 芯部(40)包括第一部分(42),第二部分(44)和第三部分(46),第二部分(44)连接第一和第三部分(42,46)。 第一流动路径(60)延伸穿过所有部分(42,44,46),第二流动路径(66)延伸穿过第一部分(42),并且第三流动路径(68)延伸穿过第三部分 (46)。
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公开(公告)号:US5735133A
公开(公告)日:1998-04-07
申请号:US631477
申请日:1996-04-12
CPC分类号: B60H1/00892 , B60H1/005 , F25D16/00 , B60H2001/00928
摘要: Uncomfortable air temperatures in an air conditioned vehicle immediately following start up of the air conditioning system or when the air conditioning system compressor is being driven at low speeds are avoided in a cooling system including a blower (22) for blowing air into a compartment (10). An air/liquid heat exchanger (30) is located at the outlet (34) of the blower (22) for cooling air received from the blower (22). The system includes a compressor (50), an expansion device (58), a condenser (54) and a liquid/refrigerant evaporator (64) for expanding refrigerant and cooling a liquid coolant which is circulated through a thermal storage device (92) and the heat exchanger (30) by a pump (86). Upon system start up, or when the compressor (50) is being driven at low speed, the coolant is cooled by the thermal storage device (92) to provide a means of cooling air from the blower (22). At all other times, the coolant is cooled by expansion of refrigerant within the evaporator (64) to not only provide a coolant for use in the heat exchanger (30), but a coolant for recharging the thermal storage device (92) as well.
摘要翻译: 在空气调节系统启动之后立即空气调节车辆的不舒服的空气温度或空调系统压缩机以低速驱动时,避免了在包括用于将空气吹入室内的鼓风机(22)的冷却系统 )。 空气/液体热交换器(30)位于鼓风机(22)的出口(34)处,用于冷却从鼓风机(22)接收的空气。 该系统包括压缩机(50),膨胀装置(58),冷凝器(54)和液体/制冷剂蒸发器(64),用于扩张制冷剂并冷却通过蓄热装置(92)循环的液体冷却剂,以及 所述热交换器(30)通过泵(86)。 在系统启动时,或者当压缩机50被低速驱动时,冷却剂被储热装置(92)冷却以提供冷却来自鼓风机22的空气的装置。 在所有其他时间,通过在蒸发器(64)内的制冷剂的膨胀来冷却冷却剂,以便不仅提供用于热交换器(30)中的冷却剂,而且还提供用于对蓄热装置(92)再充电的冷却剂。
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公开(公告)号:US5257508A
公开(公告)日:1993-11-02
申请号:US910205
申请日:1992-07-08
CPC分类号: B60H1/3205 , F25B1/10 , F25B49/025 , F25B49/027 , B60H2001/3261 , B60H2001/327 , B60H2001/3282 , F25B2600/02 , F25B2600/111 , F25B2600/112 , F25B2600/2501 , F25B2600/2513 , F25B2700/1933 , F25B2700/21151 , F25B2700/21161 , F25B2700/21172
摘要: An environmental control system disclosed includes a refrigeration loop including a variable speed compressor having an inlet and an outlet, a condenser, an evaporator and variable speed evaporator fan, temperature setpoint apparatus, recirculated air temperature sensor, evaporator, air inlet temperature sensor and an evaporator fan speed control for establishing the speed of the evaporator fan as a function of the desired air temperature and the recirculated air temperature and a compressor speed control for establishing the speed of the compressor as a function of at least the evaporator air inlet temperature and speed of the evaporator fan.
摘要翻译: 所公开的环境控制系统包括制冷回路,其包括具有入口和出口的变速压缩机,冷凝器,蒸发器和变速蒸发器风扇,温度设定点设备,再循环空气温度传感器,蒸发器,空气入口温度传感器和蒸发器 风扇速度控制,用于根据期望的空气温度和再循环空气温度建立蒸发器风扇的速度,以及压缩机速度控制,用于根据至少蒸发器空气入口温度和速度确定压缩机的速度 蒸发器风扇。
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