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1.发明授权Methods of reducing unbalanced DC voltage between two electrodes of reflective liquid crystal display by thin film passivation 有权通过薄膜钝化减少反射液晶显示器两个电极之间的不平衡直流电压的方法公开(公告)号：US06995821B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-07
申请号：US09296588
申请日：1999-04-23
申请人： Minhua Lu , Robert L. Melcher , Kei-Hsiung Yang
发明人： Minhua Lu , Robert L. Melcher , Kei-Hsiung Yang
IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 , G02F1/1343
CPC分类号： G02F1/13439 , G02F2203/02
摘要： A structure (and method) for a reflective-type liquid crystal display includes a first-type electrode, a second-type electrode positioned opposite the first-type electrode and being of an opposite type than the first-type electrode and a liquid crystal material between the first-type electrode and the second-type electrode, wherein at least one of the first-type electrode and the second-type electrode includes an amorphous layer adjacent the liquid crystal material.
摘要翻译： 用于反射型液晶显示器的结构（和方法）包括第一类型电极，与第一类型电极相对定位并且与第一类型电极相反的第二类型电极和液晶材料 在所述第一型电极和所述第二型电极之间，所述第一型电极和所述第二型电极中的至少一方包括与所述液晶材料相邻的非晶层。
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公开(公告)号：US5764314A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US754927
申请日：1996-11-25
申请人： Chandrasekhar Narayan , Evan Colgan , Kei-Hsiung Yang , Robert L. Melcher , Lawrence S. Mok , Leathen Shi , Thomas M. Cipolla
发明人： Chandrasekhar Narayan , Evan Colgan , Kei-Hsiung Yang , Robert L. Melcher , Lawrence S. Mok , Leathen Shi , Thomas M. Cipolla
CPC分类号： G02F1/133385 , G02F1/133308 , G02F1/136 , G02F2001/133322 , G02F2001/133325
摘要： A liquid crystal element, a packaging structure providing thermal and alignment control, a display device including the same, and methods of fabrication and assembly are provided. The liquid crystal element includes: a semiconductor wafer, having microcircuitry and an array of reflective pixels; a layer of electro-optical responsive liquid crystal medium, of uniform thickness, disposed on the reflective pixels; a transparent conductive layer positioned on the liquid crystal, being substantially parallel to the reflective layers, to ensure a uniform thickness of the liquid crystal; and an insulative transparent layer provided on the conductive layer. The liquid crystal element is laminated to an optically flat substrate to limit the out-of-plane distortions thereof. The structure formed by element and substrate are disposed in a substrate holder which is mounted to a wiring board, and coupled to voltage sources for actuating the liquid crystal. During mounting, an aligning fixture is used to ensure proper orientation of the element relative to the related optical elements. Once the element is positioned, a heat sink is coupled to the rear surface of the substrate holder to dissipate heat.
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公开(公告)号：US5721602A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-24
申请号：US540860
申请日：1995-10-11
申请人： Chandrasekhar Narayan , Evan Colgan , Kei-Hsiung Yang , Robert L. Melcher , Lawrence S. Mok , Leathen Shi , Thomas M. Cipolla
发明人： Chandrasekhar Narayan , Evan Colgan , Kei-Hsiung Yang , Robert L. Melcher , Lawrence S. Mok , Leathen Shi , Thomas M. Cipolla
CPC分类号： G02F1/133385 , G02F1/133308 , G02F1/136 , G02F2001/133322 , G02F2001/133325
摘要： A liquid crystal element, a packaging structure providing thermal and alignment control, a display device including the same, and methods of fabrication and assembly are provided. The liquid crystal element includes: a semiconductor wafer, having microcircuitry and an array of reflective pixels; a layer of electro-optical responsive liquid crystal medium, of uniform thickness, disposed on the reflective pixels; a transparent conductive layer positioned on the liquid crystal, being substantially parallel to the reflective layers, to ensure a uniform thickness of the liquid crystal; and an insulative transparent layer provided on the conductive layer. The liquid crystal element is laminated to an optically flat substrate to limit the out-of-plane distortions thereof. The structure formed by element and substrate are disposed in a substrate holder which is mounted to a wiring board, and coupled to voltage sources for actuating the liquid crystal. During mounting, an aligning fixture is used to ensure proper orientation of the element relative to the related optical elements. Once the element is positioned, a heat sink is coupled to the rear surface of the substrate holder to dissipate heat.
摘要翻译： 提供液晶元件，提供热和对准控制的封装结构，包括该液晶元件的显示装置，以及制造和组装方法。 液晶元件包括：具有微电路的半导体晶片和反射像素阵列; 设置在反射像素上的均匀厚度的电光响应液晶介质层; 位于液晶上的透明导电层基本上平行于反射层，以确保液晶的均匀厚度; 以及设置在导电层上的绝缘透明层。 将液晶元件层压到光学平面基板上以限制其平面外失真。 由元件和基板形成的结构设置在安装到布线板上的基板保持器中，并连接到用于致动液晶的电压源。 在安装期间，使用对准夹具来确保元件相对于相关光学元件的正确取向。 一旦元件被定位，散热器耦合到衬底保持器的后表面以散热。
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公开(公告)号：US4578584A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-25
申请号：US573075
申请日：1984-01-23
CPC分类号： G01N25/72 , G01N23/22 , G01N2223/07 , G01N2223/073 , G01N2223/102 , G01N2223/306 , G01N2223/3302 , G01N2223/348 , G01N2223/40 , G01N2223/401 , G01N2223/418 , G01N2223/427 , G01N2223/509 , G01N2223/629 , G01N2223/651
摘要： A non-contact thermal imaging system based on infrared radiation detection is described which uses an energy source to provide a beam of energy that strikes a sample to be analyzed. The energy beam produces a thermal wave in the sample, there being infrared radiation emitted from the thermal wave. All of the infrared radiation emitted from the heated area of the sample is collected and directed to an infrared detector, to have a two-dimensional image of the sample. This is used to detect surface and sub-surface structure, defects, etc. The use of a focussed energy beam, such as a laser or electron beam, offers advantages. In this technique, all points of the sample are treated equally and the results are very easily interpreted to know the exact location and type of structure that is imaged in the heated area. An ellipsoidal collector is preferrably used to image the emitted infrared radiation onto the detector, where the sample is located at one focal point of the ellipse, and the detector is located at the other focal point.
摘要翻译： 描述了基于红外辐射检测的非接触热成像系统，其使用能量源来提供撞击要分析的样品的能量束。 能量束在样品中产生热波，存在从热波发射的红外辐射。 将从样品的加热区域发射的所有红外线辐射收集并引导到红外检测器，以获得样品的二维图像。 这用于检测表面和亚表面结构，缺陷等。使用诸如激光或电子束的聚焦能量束提供了优点。 在这种技术中，样品的所有点被平等对待，结果很容易被解释为知道在加热区域中成像的结构的确切位置和类型。 椭圆形收集器优选用于将发射的红外辐射图像到检测器上，其中样品位于椭圆的一个焦点处，并且检测器位于另一焦点。
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公开(公告)号：US4217183A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-12
申请号：US37075
申请日：1979-05-08
IPC分类号： C25D5/00 , C25D5/02 , H01L21/288 , H01L21/768 , H05K3/24 , C25D5/16
CPC分类号： H01L21/2885 , C25D5/024 , C25D5/18 , H01L21/76879 , H05K3/241 , Y10S204/07
摘要： A method for high resolution maskless electroplating is described. Preferential plating results from exposing those regions where enhanced plating is sought to a collimated energy beam. Such exposure can produce an enhancement in the plating rate of 10.sup.3, which is sufficient to eliminate the necessity of masking the surface.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于高分辨率无掩模电镀的方法。 优先电镀是将需要增强电镀的那些区域暴露于准直的能量束。 这种曝光可以产生103的电镀速率的提高，这足以消除掩蔽表面的必要性。
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公开(公告)号：US07075822B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-11
申请号：US10335961
申请日：2002-12-31
IPC分类号： G11C16/06
CPC分类号： G11C11/5628 , G11C11/56 , G11C16/04 , G11C16/10 , G11C29/16 , G11C29/36 , G11C29/38 , G11C29/50004 , G11C29/52 , G11C2029/5002 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： An apparatus and technique for testing of multi-level cells (MLC) in a memory storage device using a high bandwidth data path architecture. The technique includes hardware for obtaining a first data and a second data from a multilevel cell memory. The first data is different from the second data. The first data and second data are compared and, based at least in part on this comparison, the multilevel cell memory is programmed. Programming the multilevel cell memory includes accessing memory cells in the multilevel cell memory and determining the number of bits per memory cell of the first data that need programming.
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公开(公告)号：US4379022A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-05
申请号：US170472
申请日：1980-07-21
IPC分类号： C23F1/02 , C25F3/14 , H01L21/3213
CPC分类号： H01L21/32134 , C23F1/02 , C25F3/14
摘要： A method for high resolution maskless chemical and electrochemical machining is described. Preferential etching results from exposing those regions where machining is sought to an energy beam. Such exposures can increase the etching rate in the case of electrochemical machining by a factor of 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.4. Such enhancement is sufficient to make masking unnecessary.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于高分辨率无掩蔽化学和电化学加工的方法。 优先蚀刻是将寻求加工的区域暴露于能量束。 这种曝光可以在电化学加工的情况下提高103至104的蚀刻速率。这种增强足以使掩蔽不必要。
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公开(公告)号：US4137991A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US744354
申请日：1976-11-23
CPC分类号： G10K15/046 , G01N2291/02827
摘要： A pulse of energy including atomic, thermal or electromagnetic radiation produced by a source such as an electron or atomic beam, laser, electrical or optical means is applied to a generator. The generator includes a body of material adapted for acoustic vibration. An energy absorbing layer is in intimate acoustic contact with the body of material so that acoustic vibrations generated in the absorbing layer are transmitted to the body of material. The surface of the absorbing layer opposite to the body of material is acoustically clamped in position by a solid clamping medium.
摘要翻译： 由诸如电子或原子束，激光，电或光学装置的源产生的包括原子，热或电磁辐射的能量脉冲被施加到发生器。 发生器包括适于声音振动的材料体。 能量吸收层与材料主体紧密地声学接触，使得在吸收层中产生的声音振动传递到材料体。 与材料体相反的吸收层的表面通过固体夹持介质声学地夹紧就位。
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公开(公告)号：US4074240A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-14
申请号：US659872
申请日：1976-02-20
CPC分类号： G11C11/16
摘要： Information storage is achieved in powdered magnetoelastic materials. Such powdered magnetoelastic materials have the capability of achieving long storage times of information and also allow information to be stored at relatively high temperatures.
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公开(公告)号：US07327605B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US11646687
申请日：2006-12-28
IPC分类号： G11C16/06
CPC分类号： G11C11/5628 , G11C11/56 , G11C16/04 , G11C16/10 , G11C29/16 , G11C29/36 , G11C29/38 , G11C29/50004 , G11C29/52 , G11C2029/5002 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： An apparatus and technique for testing of multi-level cells (MLC) in a memory storage device using a high bandwidth data path architecture. The technique includes hardware for obtaining a first data and a second data from a multilevel cell memory. The first data is different from the second data. The first data and second data are compared and, based at least in part on this comparison, the multilevel cell memory is programmed. Programming the multilevel cell memory includes accessing memory cells in the multilevel cell memory and determining the number of bits per memory cell of the first data that need programming.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用高带宽数据路径架构在存储器存储设备中测试多级单元（MLC）的装置和技术。 该技术包括用于从多级单元存储器获得第一数据和第二数据的硬件。 第一数据与第二数据不同。 比较第一数据和第二数据，并且至少部分地基于该比较，对多电平单元存储器进行编程。 编程多电平单元存储器包括访问多电平单元存储器中的存储单元，并确定需要编程的第一数据的每个存储单元的位数。
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