摘要:
A spacecraft (10) has combined propulsion and active thermal control systems. A propellant storage tank (20) couples to a pressurant storage tank (18). A working fluid (52) resides in the pressurant storage tank (18) and propels propellant when needed while concurrently acting as a thermal working fluid. The working fluid (52) is expanded then routed to selected cooled components (64). After passing by the cooled components (64), the working fluid (52) is compressed and passed by selected heated components (82). A controller (36) monitors temperature sensors (88) and controls valve assemblies (60, 78) to determine the components (64, 82) to which the working fluid (52) is routed.
摘要:
One or more deployable thermal panels (24, 28, 70) are actively controlled throughout the orbit of a satellite (20) to provide thermal dissipation. Adjusting the incident angle between the panel (24, 28, 70) and the sun and controlling the flow of fluid through optional flexible heat pipes loads and unloads heat to provide thermal stability for components (62) which have special thermal requirements. An optional antenna panel (70) on a nadir side (64) of the satellite (20) offers an antenna side (74) on one surface and a thermal radiating side (72) on an opposing surface. In addition, thermal panel movements are controlled (96) to provide counter-disturbance torques (140).
摘要:
A method of forming low dielectric contrast structures by imprinting a silsesquioxane based polymerizable composition. The imprinting composition including: one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers each having one or more polymerizable groups, wherein each of the one or more polymerizable group is bound to a different silicon atom of the one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers; andone or more polymerizable diluents, the diluents constituting at least 50% by weight of the composition.
摘要:
A composite membrane includes a filtration membrane and a layer on a surface of the filtration membrane. The layer includes a polymer including a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivative with a hydrophilic moiety attached to at least one vertex thereof. A method for making a composite membrane includes applying to a surface of a filtration membrane a photopolymerizable composition including a POSS compound, a hydrophilic comonomer, and a photoinitiator. The composition is cured to form a hydrophilic layer on the filtration membrane.
摘要:
The present invention provides polymers that are useful in negative resist compositions. Polymers of the present invention comprise (1) a first monomer having a polar functional group; (2) a second monomer; and optionally, (3) a third monomer that imparts at least one characteristic selected from crosslinkable functionality, etch resistance, and solubility modulation. The first monomer provides an acid catalyzed polarity switch upon elimination of the polar functional group, whereas, the second monomer provides aqueous dissolution. The polymers of the present invention may be incorporated into negative resist compositions, which may also include photoacid generators, crosslinking agents, basic compounds, solvents, dissolution accelerators, photobase generators, latent basic compounds, surfactants, adhesion promoters, and anti-foaming agents.
摘要:
A method of forming low dielectric contrast structures by imprinting a silsesquioxane based polymerizable composition. The imprinting composition including: one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers each having one or more polymerizable groups, wherein each of the one or more polymerizable group is bound to a different silicon atom of the one or more polyhedral silsesquioxane oligomers; and one or more polymerizable diluents, the diluents constituting at least 50% by weight of the composition.
摘要:
A photoresist composition is provided that includes a polymer having at least one acrylate or methacrylate monomer having a formula where R1 represents hydrogen (H), a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons, or a semi- or perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons; and where R2 represents an unsubstituted aliphatic group or a substituted aliphatic group having zero or one trifluoromethyl (CF3) group attached to each carbon of the substituted aliphatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group; and where R3 represents hydrogen (H), methyl (CH3), trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perfluorinated aliphatic chain; and where R4 represents trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perfluorinated substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group. A method of patterning a substrate using the photoresist composition is also provided herein.
摘要:
A novel radiation-sensitive lithographic photoresist composition is provided which has improved sensitivity and resolution. The composition comprises a photosensitive acid generator and an acrylate or methacrylate copolymer. The copolymer contains first monomeric units having polar pendant groups and second monomeric units containing photoacid-cleavable ester groups. The polar pendant groups preferably comprise C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 alicyclic substituents containing a polar moiety R*, wherein the alicyclic substituents are bound through a linker moiety to the polymer backbone. Other monomeric units may be included as well. A process for using the composition to generate resist images on a substrate, i.e., in the manufacture of integrated circuits or the like.
摘要:
Polycyclic polymers containing pendant aromatic moieties are disclosed. The polymers exhibit light transparency properties to deep UV wave lengths making them useful for high resolution photolithographic applications. These polymers are particularly useful in chemically amplified positive and negative tone resists.
摘要:
A polymeric membrane includes an active layer on a support. The active layer includes a polymer with a backbone, and the backbone has attached thereto at least one fluoroalcohol moiety.