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公开(公告)号：US5518522A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US209148
申请日：1994-03-10
CPC分类号： B22F9/14 , B01J35/026 , B22F1/0007 , F01N2330/08
摘要： A deformed ultra fine grain is comprised of a spherical body and a tail-like projection projecting from the surface of the spherical body. The tail-like projection exhibits a separating effect on the adjacent deformed ultra fine grains and therefore, aggregation of the ultra fine grains is avoided. Bulk quantities of the deformed ultra fine grains are produced by evaporating a metal by a plasma arc in a controlled atmosphere having a gas that combines with the material of the spherical body to form the tail-like projection.
摘要翻译： 变形的超细晶粒由球形体和从球体的表面突出的尾状突起构成。 尾状凸起对相邻的变形超细晶粒呈现分离效果，因此避免了超细晶粒的聚集。 通过在具有与球体的材料结合的气体的受控气氛中通过等离子弧蒸发金属来制造大量的变形的超细晶粒，以形成尾状突起。
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公开(公告)号：US5436080A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US943324
申请日：1992-09-10
CPC分类号： C22C1/10 , B22F1/025 , C22C32/0068 , C30B23/02 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12181
摘要： A structural member is produced using starting powder consisting of composite particulates each containing AlN grain within its surface covered by an Al layer of a single crystal structure, and Al alloy particulates of a single crystal structure, and then by sintering the Al layers of the composite particulates with the Al alloy particulates. The Al layers and the Al alloy particulates of the single crystal structure have no dislocation fault, crystal grain boundary. etc., produced therein, and for this reason, they have a low chemical activity. Therefore, the Al layers and the like have a characteristic that they are extremely difficult to oxidize. This ensures that the Al layers and the Al alloy particulates can be reliably sintered to achieve the densification of the resulting structural member.
摘要翻译： 使用由在由Al单晶结构覆盖的表面内含有AlN晶粒的复合颗粒和单晶结构的Al合金微粒组成的起始粉末制造结构构件，然后通过烧结复合材料的Al层 颗粒与Al合金微粒。 单晶结构的Al层和Al合金微粒没有位错，晶界。 等等，因此，它们具有低的化学活性。 因此，Al层等具有极难氧化的特性。 这确保了Al层和Al合金颗粒可以可靠地烧结以实现所得结构构件的致密化。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5800638A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US313464
申请日：1994-09-27
IPC分类号： B22F9/14 , B01J21/02 , B01J23/656 , B22F1/00 , B22F9/12 , C01B3/22 , C22C1/00 , C22C1/04 , C22C21/00 , C22C45/08
CPC分类号： B22F9/12 , B01J21/02 , C01B3/22 , C22C1/0416 , C22C45/08 , B22F2999/00
摘要： Quasi-crystalline aluminum alloy ultrafine particles are produced by a gas-phase reaction and consist of at least one alloy element from the group of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Pd, for example palladium (Pd) in an amount represented by 20 atomic %.ltoreq.Pd.ltoreq.30 atomic %, and the balance of aluminum. Palladium has a catalyst power, and the ultrafine particles have a large specific surface area, because they have a particle size d.ltoreq.200 nm. Such ultrafine particles have a high catalytic activity in a methanol decomposing reaction and also have a good retention of catalytic activity.
摘要翻译： 准晶体铝合金超细颗粒是通过气相反应生成的，由至少一种由V，Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu和Pd组成的合金元素组成，例如钯（Pd） 由20原子％
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公开(公告)号：US5578108A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US313827
申请日：1994-09-28
CPC分类号： B22F9/12 , C22C1/002 , C22C45/02 , C22C45/10 , B22F2999/00
摘要： Ultrafine amorphous metal particles which combine the properties of ultrafine particles with those of an amorphous alloy and a method for the production thereof are disclosed. The ultrafine amorphous metal particles are produced by a method which comprises discharging a plasma arc against a raw metal capable of forming a carbide in a reaction gas using an inert gas as a main component thereof and containing a hydrocarbon gas, and allowing the metal which has been consequently vaporized to contact the reaction gas which has been consequently converted into a plasma, thereby inducing formation of a solid solution of carbon atoms in the vaporized metal and quenching the solid solution in the reaction gas to confer an amorphous structure thereon. As the raw metal, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mo, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Al, Si, and Cr is preferably used. By this method are obtained ultrafine amorphous metal particles which comprise the metal mentioned above, possess at least 50% by volume of an amorphous phase, and have particle diameters of not more than 500 nm.
摘要翻译： 公开了将超细颗粒的性质与非晶合金的特性结合的超细无定形金属颗粒及其制造方法。 超细非晶态金属颗粒通过以下方法制造：使用惰性气体作为主要成分并含有烃气体的反应气体中能够形成碳化物的原料的等离子体电弧放电， 随后蒸发以接触已经转化成等离子体的反应气体，从而在蒸发的金属中引起碳原子的固溶体的形成，并淬灭反应气体中的固溶体以赋予其非晶结构。 作为原料金属，优选使用选自Fe，Mo，Nb，Ta，Ti，Zr，Al，Si和Cr中的至少一种金属。 通过该方法获得了包含上述金属的超细无定形金属颗粒，具有至少50体积％的非晶相，并且具有不大于500nm的粒径。
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5.发明授权Composite ultrafine particles of aluminum nitride and rare earth nitride, method for production and sintered article thereof 失效氮化铝和稀土氮化物的复合超细颗粒，其生产方法及其烧结制品
公开(公告)号：US5468697A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US212864
申请日：1994-03-15
IPC分类号： C01B21/06 , C01B21/072 , C04B35/581 , C30B11/00
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , C01B21/0602 , C01B21/0724 , C04B35/581 , C30B11/00 , C30B29/38 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2004/10 , C01P2004/11 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/64
摘要： Ultrafine particles of aluminum nitride having a morphologically anisotropic structure of columns, plates, or whiskers such that the ratio of thickness or width to length or the ratio of thickness to width or length of particle is not less than 1 are produced by thermally melting a binary alloy of metallic aluminum and a rare earth element in a nitriding atmosphere containing nitrogen. By this method are produced composite ultrafine particles which substantially comprise ultrafine particles of aluminum nitride having the morphologically anisotropic structure and ultrafine particles of the rare earth nitride which functions as a sintering auxiliary therefor. The composite ultrafine particles or an aggregate thereof are usable as a raw material for the production of a sintered article, a reinforcing material for various metal-based composite materials, a blast powder, and the like.
摘要翻译： 具有柱，板或晶须的形态各向异性结构的氮化铝的超细颗粒，使得厚度或宽度与长度的比率或者颗粒的厚度与宽度或长度的比率不小于1是通过将二元 金属铝和稀土元素的合金在含氮的氮化气氛中。 通过该方法制造了复合超细颗粒，其基本上包含具有形态各向异性结构的氮化铝的超细颗粒和作为其烧结助剂的稀土氮化物的超细颗粒。 复合超细颗粒或其聚集体可用作生产烧结制品的原料，用于各种金属基复合材料的增强材料，鼓风粉末等。
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6.发明授权Catalyst for methanol reforming, process for producing the same and method for reforming methanol 失效用于甲醇重整的催化剂，其制备方法和甲醇重整方法
公开(公告)号：US5635439A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US331093
申请日：1994-10-28
IPC分类号： C01B3/22 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , B01J23/52 , B01J23/63 , B01J23/66 , B01J23/72 , B01J23/75 , B01J23/755 , B01J23/76 , B01J23/80 , B01J23/89 , B22F9/00 , C01B3/32 , C22C1/04 , C22C32/00 , B01J23/38
CPC分类号： C01B3/326 , B01J23/66 , B01J23/72 , B01J23/75 , B01J23/755 , B22F9/008 , C22C1/04 , C22C32/0015 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1076 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A catalyst for methanol reforming which consists of an alloy represented by the general formula TM, wherein T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Y, Nb and Zn; and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements (Cu, Ag and Au) belonging to group IB of the periodic table and elements (Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt) belonging to group VIII of the periodic table, said alloy having a surface comprising an oxide including the element T and, dispersed therein, fine metal particles composed of the element M. The catalyst is produced by preparing an alloy having an amorphous phase and/or a microcrystalline phase from a molten composition of TM, and subsequently heating the alloy at 50.degree. to 700.degree. C. in an oxidizing atmosphere or an atmosphere like that in which methanol reforming is performed. Using the catalyst, methanol reforming can be efficiently performed at relatively low temperatures.
摘要翻译： 一种用于甲醇重整的催化剂，其由通式TM表示的合金组成，其中T是选自Ti，Zr，Hf，Y，Nb和Zn中的至少一种元素; M是选自属于元素周期表第1B族元素（Cu，Ag和Au）的元素中的至少一种元素（Fe，Co，Ni，Ru，Rh，Pd，Os，Ir和Pt） 属于元素周期表第Ⅷ族，所述合金具有包含元素T的氧化物的表面，并分散在其中，由元素M构成的金属微粒。该催化剂是通过制备具有非晶相和/或 来自TM的熔融组合物的微晶相，随后在氧化气氛或类似于进行甲醇重整的气氛下在50℃至700℃下加热合金。 使用催化剂，可以在相对较低的温度下有效地进行甲醇重整。
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7.发明授权Composite ultrafine particles of nitrides, method for production and sintered article thereof 失效氮化物的复合超微粒子，其制造方法及其烧结体
公开(公告)号：US5549951A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-27
申请号：US301879
申请日：1994-09-07
IPC分类号： B01J19/08 , B22F9/12 , C01B21/06 , C01G55/00 , C04B35/58 , C04B35/581 , C22C32/00 , C30B25/00 , B22F7/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/58042 , B22F9/12 , B82Y30/00 , C01B21/0602 , C04B35/58 , C04B35/581 , C22C32/0068 , C30B25/005 , C30B29/38 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2004/04 , C01P2004/10 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2004/82 , Y10T428/12 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12056 , Y10T428/12146 , Y10T428/12181
摘要： Ultrafine whiskery or columnar ceramic particles, a method for producing the ultrafine particles, and a sintered article obtained by sintering the ultrafine ceramic particles are disclosed. The ultrafine ceramic particles are produced by thermally melting a matrix alloy of a composition of Al--M.sup.1, wherein M.sup.1 stands for at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Co, and Fe, or Al--M.sup.1 --M.sup.2, wherein M.sup.2 stands for at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of Au, Cu, Dy, Er, Ga, Ge, Gd, Hf, Ho, Lu, Mn, Mo, Nb, Nd, Ni, Pr, Re, Sb, Sc, Si, Sn, Ta, Tb, Ti, Tm, V, W, Y, Zn, or Zr, in a nitriding atmosphere containing nitrogen and causing the vaporized raw material to react with the nitrogen in the atmosphere. By this method, ultrafine composite particles or a mixture comprising ultrafine whiskery or columnar aluminum nitride particles and ultrafine particles of the metal, the intermetallic compound of the metal with aluminum, and the nitride ceramic of the metal are produced. The ultrafine particles thus obtained find extensive utility as sintering materials and dispersion materials, for example.
摘要翻译： 公开了超细威士忌或柱状陶瓷颗粒，超细颗粒的制造方法和通过烧结超细陶瓷颗粒而获得的烧结体。 超细陶瓷颗粒是通过将Al-M1组成的基体合金热熔而制造的，其中M1代表选自Cr，Co和Fe中的至少一种金属元素或Al-M1-M2，其中 M2代表选自Au，Cu，Dy，Er，Ga，Ge，Gd，Hf，Ho，Lu，Mn，Mo，Nb，Nd，Ni，Pr，Re，Sb中的至少一种金属元素， Sc，Si，Sn，Ta，Tb，Ti，Tm，V，W，Y，Zn或Zr中的至少一种，并且使气化的原料与大气中的氮反应。 通过这种方法，制造超细复合颗粒或包含超细威士忌或柱状氮化铝颗粒和金属超细颗粒，金属与铝的金属间化合物和金属的氮化物陶瓷的混合物。 如此得到的超细颗粒例如可用作烧结材料和分散材料。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06214480B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US09063531
申请日：1998-04-21
申请人： Mitsuya Hosoe , Naomasa Kimura , Katsutoshi Nosaki
发明人： Mitsuya Hosoe , Naomasa Kimura , Katsutoshi Nosaki
IPC分类号： B32B1500
CPC分类号： C22C28/00 , B23K35/0233 , B23K35/28 , B23K35/30 , H02K15/03 , Y10T428/1193 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/26
摘要： In an article, a binding layer formed through a heating step exists between a permanent magnet and a laminate of steel plates. The binding layer is formed by producing a liquid phase at the heating step from a brazing filler metal made of a rare earth element-based alloy. Diffusion areas exist between a body portion of the permanent magnet and a body portion of the binding layer and between a body portion of the laminate and the body portion of the binding layer, respectively. The thickness t of each of the diffusion areas is in a range of t≧5 &mgr;m. The bond strength in the article is greatly increased by the provision of the diffusion areas.
摘要翻译： 在制品中，通过加热步骤形成的粘合层存在于永久磁铁和钢板的层压板之间。 通过在由稀土类元素类合金制成的钎料的加热工序中产生液相而形成结合层。 在永磁体的主体部分和粘合层的主体部分之间以及层压体的主体部分和粘合层的主体部分之间分别存在扩散区域。 每个扩散区域的厚度t在t≥5μm的范围内。 通过提供扩散区域，物品的粘结强度大大提高。
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公开(公告)号：US06872286B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-29
申请号：US10247334
申请日：2002-09-20
申请人： Masao Ichikawa , Kenta Urata , Katsutoshi Nosaki , Masanori Okabe
发明人： Masao Ichikawa , Kenta Urata , Katsutoshi Nosaki , Masanori Okabe
CPC分类号： C25B9/10 , C25B1/10 , C25B11/0478 , Y02E60/366
摘要： A water electrolyte cell can be used with a high energy efficiency over a long period of time. The water electrolyte cell has a pair of catalytic layers and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the catalytic layers. The catalytic layers includes an anode catalytic layer which contains a catalyst comprising an alloy of ruthenium, iridium, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, and cobalt, or an oxide of the alloy, or a mixture of the alloy and an oxide thereof. The at least one metal has a molar ratio with respect to ruthenium and iridium in the range from 0.05 to 0.13 mol with respect to 0.8 to 2.2 mols, preferably 1.8 to 2.2 mols, of ruthenium and 0.8 to 1.2 mols of iridium. The electrolyte membrane comprises a solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
摘要翻译： 可以长时间使用高能量的水电解质电池。 水电解质电池具有一对催化层和夹在催化层之间的电解质膜。 催化剂层包括阳极催化剂层，其含有包含钌，铱和至少一种选自铁，镍和钴的金属或合金的氧化物的合金的催化剂，或者合金的混合物 合金及其氧化物。 所述至少一种金属相对于钌和铱的摩尔比在0.05至0.13摩尔的范围内，相对于0.8至2.2摩尔，优选1.8至2.2摩尔的钌和0.8至1.2摩尔的铱。 电解质膜包括固体聚合物电解质膜。
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公开(公告)号：US6124060A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US313010
申请日：1999-05-17
IPC分类号： H01M6/18 , H01M8/10 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0565
CPC分类号： H01M10/0565 , H01M10/052 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/188 , H01M8/103 , H01M8/1048 , H01M8/1081 , H01M2300/0082 , Y02P70/56
摘要： This invention provides a solid polymer electrolyte which is low in water absorption, from which no dopant runs out even in pressing, and which is excellent in stability in the presence of water or methanol, proton conductivity and methanol barrier properties, in which an imidazole ring-containing polymer such as a polybenzimidazole compound is doped with an acid in which at least one hydrogen atom of an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid is substituted by a functional group having a phenyl group by blending the imidazole ring-containing polymer with the acid in a solution using a solvent such as trifluoroacetic acid, preferably at a rate of 1 to 10 molecules of the acid per repeating structure unit of a molecular chain of the imidazole ring-containing polymer, the solid polymer electrolyte.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种吸水性低的固体高分子电解质，即使在压制中也没有掺杂剂流失，并且在水或甲醇存在下的稳定性优异，质子传导性和甲醇阻挡性能优异，其中咪唑环 含有聚苯并咪唑化合物的聚合物掺杂有酸，其中无机酸如磷酸的至少一个氢原子被具有苯基的官能团取代，通过将含咪唑环的聚合物与酸共混 使用溶剂如三氟乙酸的溶液，优选以每摩尔含咪唑环的聚合物的分子链的每个重复结构单元1至10分子的比例的固体聚合物电解质。
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