摘要:
An automatic transmission includes a first transmission mechanism having a first shaft connectable to an output shaft of an engine, a second transmission mechanism associated with the first transmission mechanism, and having a second shaft in parallel with the first shaft, the second transmission mechanism being adapted for changing the torque speed of the first shaft, a hydraulic housing for accommodating a hydraulic control device for the second transmission mechanism, the second hydraulic housing being arranged above the second transmission mechanism, and an axis of the second shaft being positioned on either the same horizontal plane as an axis of the first shaft or a horizontal plane above the axis of the first shaft.
摘要:
In a control system for an automatic transmission, when successive order signals are emitted so that shift changes are accomplished over multiple shift stages, a shift change ordered by an initial order signal is carried out before a shift change ordered by a last order signal is carried out if a shift gear mechanism has already started its operation. However, a shift change ordered by a last order signal is carried out, without shift changes ordered by an initial order signal and intermediate order signals being carried out, if the shift gear mechanism has not started its operation.
摘要:
A hydraulic control system for controlling an automatic transmission includes a regulating valve which reduces a line pressure in accordance with a control pressure, provided in accordance with vehicle driving conditions, to provide a coupling pressure for coupling a specific one of frictional coupling elements of the automatic transmission. The regulating valve is enabled to provide the coupling pressure independently from the control pressure when a coupling pressure for another frictional coupling element higher than a specified level.
摘要:
A multiple stage automatic transmission includes a main transmission mechanism, a sub-transmission mechanism connected with the main transmission mechanism to for introduction of a torque therefrom, and a frictional element connected with the sub-transmission. The engaging force of the frictional element is changed at least by two steps in accordance with a shift mode without changing a hydraulic pressure applied for actuating the frictional element. A shift shock, therefore, can be obviated.
摘要:
The control system for an automatic transmission shifts the main transmission simultaneously with the auxiliary transmission at the time of a particular shift. At this time, a target gear ratio progress value of the auxiliary transmission is set for a gear ratio progress value indicative of a shift progress state of the main transmission. The main transmission is arranged so as to finish the shift control within a given target period of time, and the auxiliary transmission is arranged to implement the shift control by the feedback control so as to follow the target gear ratio progress value. The shift control of the auxiliary transmission is corrected by the learning control on the basis of a deviation between the target gear ratio progress value and the actual gear ratio progress value.
摘要:
A control system for an automatic transmission including a main transmission and a subtransmission whose shift operation is carried out by hydraulically. The control system comprises a first device for adjusting a gear ratio advance of the main transmission, the gear ratio advance corresponding to a gear ratio change during the shift operation, a second device for adjusting a gear ratio advance of the subtransmission, the gear ratio advance corresponding to a gear ratio change during the shift operation, and a device for controlling the frist adjusting device and the second adjusting device during concurrent shift operations of the main transmission and the subtransmission so that the gear ratio advances of the main transmission and the subtransmission become equal to respective predetermined target gear ratio advances.
摘要:
A throttle valve operating cam of an automatic transmission and an output control member of an automotive engine are interconnected so as to cooperate with each other by a cable consisting of an outer tube and an inner cable. The inner cable is connected to the throttle valve operating cam and the output control member and one end of the outer tube is connected first to the automatic transmission. The other end of the outer tube is regulated in position relative to a cable fitting member secured to the automotive engine and then fixed to the cable fitting member secured to the automotive engine.
摘要:
A particular shift control system is provided for an automatic transmission having a primary transmission, changeable to at least three primary gear ratios, and a secondary transmission, changeable to at least two secondary gear ratios. The primary and secondary transmissions combine to shift the automatic transmission to a plurality of forward speeds. The control system monitors the progression of change in the primary transmission gear ratio. In a specific automotive drive condition, the primary transmission changes from one primary gear ratio to another primary gear ratio via an intermediate primary gear ratio between the two primary gear ratios. This produces an increase or decrease in a primary gear ratio. At the same time, the secondary transmission decreases or increases, respectively, a secondary gear ratio so as to shift the automatic transmission from one forward speed to another, skipping an intermediate speed between the two forward speeds. The secondary transmission starts a change in a secondary gear ratio in an opposite direction only when a primary gear ratio of the primary transmission reaches the intermediate primary gear ratio.
摘要:
In order to easily control the laser pulse width and perform high-precision processing, the method for processing a material by laser ablation according to the present invention is characterized in that the material having a region of which a double logarithmic chart shows a linearly-shaped line with a gradient of not more than 0.5, when a relationship between laser pulse width and ablation threshold is represented in the logarithmic chart with a laser pulse width in picosecond plotted along the horizontal axis and an ablation threshold in J/cm2 plotted along the vertical axis, is processed by the pulsed laser beam having the laser pulse width within the region.
摘要翻译:为了容易地控制激光脉冲宽度并执行高精度处理,根据本发明的通过激光烧蚀处理材料的方法的特征在于,具有双对数图的区域的材料呈直线状 以激光脉冲宽度和消融阈值之间的关系在对数图中以沿着水平轴绘制的皮秒的激光脉冲宽度表示,并且以纵向绘制的消光阈值(J / cm 2)绘制在不大于0.5的梯度上 由具有该区域内的激光脉冲宽度的脉冲激光束进行处理。
摘要:
A seal structure capable of achieving a waterproof structure at low cost while being flexibly adaptable to design change of a wire member, a method of forming the seal structure, a wire body and an electronic apparatus using them are provided. A seal structure 15 for sealing through holes 33, 43 of housings 31, 41 in which a wire member 20 is inserted is configured to include a covering C that includes a spacer member 11 disposed on one side of the through hole, secures the spacer member 11, the wire member 20 and the housings 31, 41 to each other and seals them.