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    GREEN PROCESS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PRODUCING POLY(5HV) AND 5 CARBON CHEMICALS
    2.
    发明申请
    GREEN PROCESS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PRODUCING POLY(5HV) AND 5 CARBON CHEMICALS 有权
    用于生产聚（5HV）和5碳化合物的绿色方法和组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20100168481A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

    申请号：US12637706

    申请日：2009-12-14

    申请人： William R. Farmer ,  Jeff Bickmeier ,  Chenfeng Lu ,  Dong-Eun Chang ,  Frank Skraly ,  Thomas Martin Ramseier

    发明人： William R. Farmer ,  Jeff Bickmeier ,  Chenfeng Lu ,  Dong-Eun Chang ,  Frank Skraly ,  Thomas Martin Ramseier

    IPC分类号： C07C31/18 ,  C12N1/20 ,  C12P13/08 ,  C12P7/46 ,  C12P7/18 ,  C12P7/62

    CPC分类号： C12N15/52 ,  C12N9/0006 ,  C12N9/0008 ,  C12N9/0069 ,  C12N9/10 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N9/80 ,  C12N9/88 ,  C12N9/93 ,  C12P7/04 ,  C12P7/18 ,  C12P7/42 ,  C12P7/44 ,  C12P7/625

    摘要： Recombinant hosts for producing polyhydroxyalkanoates and methods of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates from renewable carbon substrates are provided. Certain recombinant hosts that produce 5 carbon chemicals such as 5-aminopentanoate (5AP), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), glutarate, and 1,5 pentanediol (PDO) are also provided. One embodiment provides a recombinant host expressing a gene encoding a heterologous enzyme selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase and a 5-hydroxyvalerate-CoA (5HV-CoA) transferase, wherein the host produces a polymer containing 5-hydroxyvalerate. Preferably, the host expresses both a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase and a 5HV-CoA transferase. The host can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. A preferred prokaryotic host is E. coli. The polymers produced by the recombinant hosts can be homopolymers or copolymers of 5-hydroxyvalerate. A preferred copolymer is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-5-hydroxyvalerate).

    摘要翻译： 提供了用于生产聚羟基链烷酸酯的重组宿主和从可再生碳底物生产聚羟基链烷酸酯的方法。 还提供了产生5种碳化学物质的某些重组宿主，如5-氨基戊酸（5AP），5-羟基戊酸酯（5HV），戊二酸酯和1,5-戊二醇（PDO）。 一个实施方案提供了表达编码选自聚羟基链烷酸酯合酶和5-羟基戊酸酯-CoA（5HV-CoA）转移酶的异源酶的基因的重组宿主，其中所述宿主产生含有5-羟基戊酸酯的聚合物。 优选地，宿主表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合成酶和5HV-CoA转移酶。 宿主可以是原核生物或真核生物。 优选的原核宿主是大肠杆菌。 由重组宿主产生的聚合物可以是5-羟基戊酸酯的均聚物或共聚物。 优选的共聚物是聚（3-羟基丁酸酯 - 共-5-羟基戊酸酯）。

    Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates
    6.
    发明授权
    Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates 有权
    具有受控降解速率的聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物

    公开(公告)号：US06878758B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-04-12

    申请号：US10403942

    申请日：2003-03-28

    申请人： David P. Martin ,  Frank Skraly ,  Simon F. Williams

    发明人： David P. Martin ,  Frank Skraly ,  Simon F. Williams

    IPC分类号： A61K9/16 ,  A61K47/48 ,  A61L15/26 ,  A61L17/10 ,  A61L17/12 ,  A61L24/00 ,  A61L26/00 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/34 ,  A61L27/58 ,  A61L29/06 ,  A61L31/06 ,  A61L31/14 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G63/64 ,  C08G63/685 ,  C08G63/688 ,  C08G63/91 ,  C08K5/00 ,  C12N5/00 ,  C12P7/62 ,  C08L67/04

    CPC分类号： C08G63/912 ,  A61K9/1647 ,  A61K47/593 ,  A61K47/6957 ,  A61L15/26 ,  A61L17/10 ,  A61L17/12 ,  A61L24/0042 ,  A61L26/0019 ,  A61L26/009 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/34 ,  A61L27/58 ,  A61L29/06 ,  A61L31/06 ,  A61L31/148 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G63/64 ,  C08G63/6852 ,  C08G63/6882 ,  C08J9/26 ,  C08J2201/0444 ,  C08J2201/0482 ,  C08J2367/04 ,  C08K5/0033 ,  C12N5/0068 ,  C12N2533/30 ,  C12P7/625 ,  C08L67/04

    摘要： Biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions with controlled degradation rates have been developed. In one embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates contain additives to alter the degradation rates. In another embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates are formed of mixtures of monomers or include pendant groups or modifications in their backbones to alter their degradation rates. In still another embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates are chemically modified. Methods for manufacturing the devices which increase porosity or exposed surface area can be used to alter degradability. For example, as demonstrated by the examples, porous polyhydroxyalkanoates can be made using methods that creates pores, voids, or interstitial spacing, such as an emulsion or spray drying technique, or which incorporate leachable or lyophilizable particles within the polymer. Examples describe poly(4HB) compositions including foams, coatings, meshes, and microparticles. As demonstrated by the examples, these polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions have extremely favorable mechanical properties, as well as are biocompatible and degrade within desirable time frames under physioogical conditions. These polyhydroxyalkanoate materials provide a wider range of polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation rates than are currently available. Methods for processing these materials, particularly for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic applications, or into devices which can be implanted or injected, are also described.

    摘要翻译： 已经开发了具有受控降解速率的生物相容性聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物。 在一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯含有改变降解速率的添加剂。 在另一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯由单体的混合物形成或包括侧链基团或其主链中的修饰以改变其降解速率。 在另一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯被化学改性。 用于制造增加孔隙率或暴露表面积的装置的方法可用于改变降解性。 例如，如通过实施例所证明的，多孔聚羟基链烷酸酯可以使用产生孔，空隙或间隙的方法，例如乳液或喷雾干燥技术，或者在聚合物内含有可浸出或可冷冻干燥的颗粒。 实例描述了包括泡沫，涂层，网格和微粒的聚（4HB）组合物。 如实施例所示，这些聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物具有非常有利的机械性能，并且在生理条件下在期望的时间范围内是生物相容的和降解的。 这些聚羟基链烷酸酯材料提供比目前可获得的更广泛的聚羟基链烷酸酯降解速率。 还描述了用于处理这些材料的方法，特别是用于治疗，预防或诊断应用，或可植入或注射的装置。

    Biological systems for manufacture of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers containing 4-hydroxyacids
    7.
    发明授权
    Biological systems for manufacture of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers containing 4-hydroxyacids 有权
    用于制造含有4-羟基酸的聚羟基链烷酸酯聚合物的生物体系

    公开(公告)号：US06316262B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

    申请号：US09156809

    申请日：1998-09-18

    申请人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

    发明人： Gjalt W. Huisman ,  Frank Skraly ,  David P. Martin ,  Oliver P. Peoples

    IPC分类号： C12N1554

    CPC分类号： C12N9/0008 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1096 ,  C12N15/8243 ,  C12P7/625

    摘要： The gene encoding a 4-hydroxybutyryl-Co A transferase has been isolated from bacteria and integrated into the genome of bacteria also expressing a polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase, to yield an improved production process for 4HB-containing polyhydroxyalkanoates using transgenic organisms, including both bacteria and plants. The new pathways provide means for producing 4HB containing PHAs from cheap carbon sources such as sugars and fatty acids, in high yields, which are stable. Useful strains are obtaining by screening strains having integrated into their genomes a gene encoding a 4HB-CoA transferase and/or PHA synthase, for polymer production. Processes for polymer production use recombinant systems that can utilize cheap substrates. Systems are provided which can utilize amino acid degradation pathways, &agr;-ketoglutarate, or succinate as substrate.

    摘要翻译： 已经从细菌中分离出编码4-羟基丁酰-CoA转移酶的基因，并整合到也表达聚羟基链烷酸酯合酶的细菌的基因组中，以使用包括细菌和植物在内的转基因生物来产生含4HB的聚羟基链烷酸酯的改进的生产方法。 新途径提供了从低廉的碳源（如糖和脂肪酸）生产含有PHB的4HB的方法，其产率高，稳定。 有用的菌株是通过筛选在其基因组中整合了编码4HB-CoA转移酶和/或PHA合成酶的基因的聚合物生产获得的菌株。 用于聚合物生产的方法使用可以利用廉价底物的重组体系。 提供可以利用氨基酸降解途径的系统，α-酮戊二酸或琥珀酸作为底物。

    Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates
    10.
    发明授权
    Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates 失效
    具有受控降解速率的聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物

    公开(公告)号：US06828357B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-07

    申请号：US10403242

    申请日：2003-03-28

    申请人： David P. Martin ,  Frank Skraly ,  Simon F. Williams

    发明人： David P. Martin ,  Frank Skraly ,  Simon F. Williams

    IPC分类号： C08L6704

    CPC分类号： C12P7/625 ,  A61K9/1647 ,  A61K47/593 ,  A61K47/6957 ,  A61L15/26 ,  A61L17/10 ,  A61L17/12 ,  A61L24/0042 ,  A61L26/0019 ,  A61L26/009 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/34 ,  A61L27/58 ,  A61L29/06 ,  A61L31/06 ,  A61L31/148 ,  C08G63/06 ,  C08G63/64 ,  C08G63/6852 ,  C08G63/6882 ,  C08G63/912 ,  C08K5/0033 ,  C12N5/0068 ,  C12N2533/30 ,  Y10S606/911 ,  C08L67/04

    摘要： Biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions with controlled degradation rates have been developed. In one embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates contain additives to alter the degradation rates. In another embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates are formed of mixtures of monomers or include pendant groups or modifications in their backbones to alter their degradation rates. In still another embodiment, the polyhydroxyalkanoates are chemically modified. Methods for manufacturing the devices which increase porosity or exposed surface area can be used to alter degradability. For example, as demonstrated by the examples, porous polyhydroxyalkanoates can be made using methods that creates pores, voids, or interstitial spacing, such as an emulsion or spray drying technique, or which incorporate leachable or lyophilizable particles within the polymer. Examples describe poly(4HB) compositions including foams, coatings, meshes, and microparticles. As demonstrated by the examples, these polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions have extremely favorable mechanical properties, as well as are biocompatible and degrade within desirable time frames under physioogical conditions. These polyhydroxyalkanoate materials provide a wider range of polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation rates than are currently available. Methods for processing these materials, particularly for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic applications, or into devices which can be implanted or injected, are also described.

    摘要翻译： 已经开发了具有受控降解速率的生物相容性聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物。 在一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯含有改变降解速率的添加剂。 在另一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯由单体的混合物形成或包括侧链基团或其主链中的修饰以改变其降解速率。 在另一个实施方案中，聚羟基链烷酸酯被化学改性。 用于制造增加孔隙率或暴露表面积的装置的方法可用于改变降解性。 例如，如通过实施例所证明的，多孔聚羟基链烷酸酯可以使用产生孔，空隙或间隙的方法，例如乳液或喷雾干燥技术，或者在聚合物内含有可浸出或可冷冻干燥的颗粒。 实例描述了包括泡沫，涂层，网格和微粒的聚（4HB）组合物。 如实施例所示，这些聚羟基链烷酸酯组合物具有非常有利的机械性能，并且在生理条件下在期望的时间范围内是生物相容的和降解的。 这些聚羟基链烷酸酯材料提供比目前可获得的更广泛的聚羟基链烷酸酯降解速率。 还描述了用于处理这些材料的方法，特别是用于治疗，预防或诊断应用，或可植入或注射的装置。