摘要:
A steel pipe having excellent corrosion resistance in an environment containing wet carbon dioxide and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide and having also excellent weldability is produced at a low production cost and with high productivity. The production method comprises heating to a temperature of 1,050.degree. to 1,300.degree. C. a slab containing, in terms of wt %, 0.01 to less than 1.2% of Si, 0.02 to 3.0% of Mn, 7.5 to 14.0% of Cr and 0.005 to 0.5% of Al, reduced C, N, P and S contents, at least one of Cu, Ni, Co, Mo and W, a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and having an MC value of at least 0, finishing hot rolling within an austenite monophase temperature range, coiling the steel sheet as a hot coil having a sheet thickness of 3.0 to 25.4 mm, cooling the coil at a cooling rate of at least 0.01.degree. C./sec to at least 500.degree. C. to convert the steel sheet to a steel substantially consisting of martensite, reheating the steel to a temperature of 550.degree. C. to not more than an A.sub.c1 transformation point, holding it for at least 15 minutes, cooling the steel web to a normal temperature, cutting it into a predetermined width, and welding both ends of the steel by electric resistance welding while the steel coil is continuously shaped into a cylindrical shape.
摘要:
A hybrid compressor system affords maximum cooling capability by making full use of an additional motor to improve the fuel consumption efficiency of a vehicle while ensuring passenger compartment cooling when the engine is stopped. The hybrid compressor system includes a compression unit for compressing a refrigerant, a motor for driving the compression unit, and disconnection means for disconnecting the drive force of a vehicle engine. In the hybrid compressor system, when the thermal load of the refrigeration cycle system lies within a predetermined range in a higher load region, the control means connects the disconnection means to allow the vehicle engine to drive the compression unit. When the thermal load of the refrigeration cycle system lies within a lower load region of the predetermined range, the control means disconnects the disconnection means to allow the motor to drive the compression unit even while the vehicle engine is running.
摘要:
An air-conditioner for use in an automotive vehicle, an engine of which is stopped every time the vehicle stops at an intersection, includes a usual refrigeration cycle having a main compressor driven by the engine and a sub-circuit having a sub-compressor driven by an electric motor. The sub-compressor is connected in parallel to the main compressor, and both compressors are alternately driven. Refrigerant mixed with lubricant circulating in the main refrigeration cycle is prevented from entering into the sub-circuit while the sub-compressor is not in operation by means of a piping structure of the sub-circuit. When the refrigerant enters into the sub-circuit, it is efficiently returned to the main refrigeration cycle by intermittently operating the sub-compressor while the main compressor is operating.
摘要:
A multi-beam scanning device is provided with a light source that emits a plurality of light beams, a polygonal mirror that deflects the light beams emitted by the light source to scan, and an optical system that converges the deflected light beams on a plurality of objects to be scanned. The optical system includes an optical path turning system that turns optical paths of the deflected light beams, respectively. The optical path turning system is constructed such that optical path lengths of the optical path of the deflected light beams are the same, and one of the optical paths directed to an object located farthest from the polygonal mirror consists of two linear paths and one turning portion at which a beam is deflected.
摘要:
A bonding apparatus such as a die bonding apparatus in which a bonding tool at one end of an ultrasonic horn is given a vibration, the bonding apparatus being equipped with a Y-direction driver which has a Y-direction piezo-electric element that causes the bonding tool to vibrate in a Y-direction which is parallel to an axis of the ultrasonic horn, and an X-direction driver which has an X-direction piezo-electric element that causes the bonding tool to vibrate in an X direction which is on a plane perpendicular to the Y-direction, so that the piezo-electric elements are driven during bonding so that the bonding tool vibrates in the X- and Y-directions on the bonding plane.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device used for electro-optical devices, in which each parameter of the liquid crystal having layer structures is specified to provide a liquid crystal high in stress resistance and capable of gray scale display. The liquid crystal held between a pair of parallel substrates is either ferroelectric or antiferroelectric and represents layer structures. A plurality of substrate interface tilt angles can be set for the layer structures. The layer structures can be configured asymmetric or symmetric about a plane intermediate between the parallel substrates. With this configuration, a liquid crystal device is constructed having a plurality of layer structures including at least one layer structure, which has (1) a substrate interface layer tilt angle of 0.degree. to 3.degree. and the c director pretilt of 3.degree. to 5.degree., or (2) a substrate interface layer tilt angle of 4.degree. to 7.degree. and the c director pretilt of 0.degree. to 3.degree., or (3) a substrate interface layer tilt angle of 8.degree. to 20 .degree. and the c director pretilt of 9.degree. to 90.degree. or less.
摘要:
An automotive radiator cooling system has a radiator cooling fan driven by a hydraulic motor actuated by a pressurized fluid fed through a hydraulic circuit from an engine-driven hydraulic pump. A bypass line extends in bypassing relationship to the hydraulic motor and has ends connected to the circuit upstream and downstream of the hydraulic motor, respectively. A check valve is provided in the bypass line and is operative to allow a flow of the fluid from a reservoir through the bypass line back into a part of the circuit upstream of the motor only when a pressure drop takes place in that part of the circuit due to free rotation of the cooling fan, and thus of the motor, independently of the drive by the hydraulic pump. The backward flow of the fluid is operative to compensate for the pressure drop to prevent the occurrence of cavitation in the circuit upstream of the motor. Desirably, the bypass line is incorporated into the housing of the hydraulic motor.
摘要:
A joining structure of an automotive vehicle body, in which the joining sections between the roof panel and the door, and between the roof panel and the side panel are positioned on the same line at the upper surface of the vehicle body.
摘要:
A compressor has suction reed valves each of which includes a fixation portion fixed to the valve base plate, a basal portion that extends from the fixation portion and is separable from the plate, and a valve flap extending from the basal portion toward the distal end to selectively open and close the suction port. Each suction port has a shape elongated in the width direction, which is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. The width of the basal portion is greater than that of the suction port. Each valve flap includes an opening-closing portion facing the corresponding suction port and stoppers, which project from the ends in the width direction. The side edges in the width direction are continuous from the stoppers to the basal portion to gradually approach the suction port. The cylinder block has pairs of recessed retainers. The stoppers contact the retainers.
摘要:
A device for generating a sterilizing gas includes a methanol gas generation device (11) for vaporizing methanol to generate a methanol gas, a tubular part (12) and a catalyst section (13). The tubular section (12) is arranged on top of the methanol gas generation device (11) to provide a flow path for upwardly directing the methanol gas generated by the methanol gas generation device by natural convection. The tubular section also operates to mix the methanol gas with a predetermined proportion of air. The catalyst section (13) is arranged on top of the tubular section (12) for turning the methanol gas mixed with the air at the predetermined proportion in the tubular section (12) into radicals by a catalyzed reaction. The catalyst section (13) is formed by a turn-into-radical reaction catalyst layer (30) obtained on forming a thin metal sheet (35a) to a honeycomb structure.