摘要:
A glass substrate is cleaned by contacting a preliminarily polished glass surface with functional water having a positive ORP potential for a predetermined period of time in the last rinsing step in order to repair the structure of the glass so as to achieve higher surface hardness and improved corrosion resistance.
摘要:
A plastic substrate is processed by a functional water obtained by electrolysis of water or functional water containing active oxygen or active hydrogen for a predetermined time period to selectively remove an alkali and/or halogen component in a surface layer of the plastic substrate to stabilize or remove oligomer in a resin matrix, whereby deterioration of resin and deterioration of properties of a recording medium caused by a remaining unreacted catalyst used for processing the plastic substrate surface or the like can be prevented and the adhesion strength and the durability of a recoding coating to be formed on the substrate are improved.
摘要:
An aluminum substrate suitable for making high-density magnetic recording media is produced by anodizing a surface of the aluminum substrate in an aqueous chromic acid solution at an electrolytic voltage higher than 60 volts. The anodic film thus formed has no black spot defects and also exhibits no cracks when the substrate is heated at a high temperature for forming a magnetic recording layer.The effect is further improved by adding a small amount of oxalic acid to the electrolyte.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification recovers metals or ash content in the wastes in such a state that they can be recycled, and gases containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H.sub.2) for use as synthesis gas of ammonia (NH.sub.3). The wastes are gasified in a fluidized-bed reactor at a relatively low temperature, and gaseous material and char produced in the fluidized-bed reactor are introduced into the high-temperature combustor. The synthesis gas is produced in the high-temperature combustor at a relatively high temperature, CO and H.sub.2 O in the synthesis gas is converted into CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2, and then H.sub.2 is recovered by removing CO.sub.2.
摘要:
An aluminum substrate for magnetic recording media such as magnetic disks, etc., is composed of an aluminum alloy plate containing 2 to 6% by weight magnesium and impurities in only limited amounts and having on the surface an anodic oxidation film with thickness more than 3 .mu.m formed by a chromic acid process. In the thus-anodized aluminum substrate, the occurrence of black spot defects is greatly reduced and the formation of cracks upon heating the substrate to high temperatures is prevented in spite of the thicker anodic oxidation film.
摘要:
An apparatus for composting materials suitable for composting such as kitchen refuse or municipal refuse, in which rotary agitator units are provided above a plurality of horizontal floors, respectively so that the agitator units themselves are rotated simultaneously when the material such as kitchen refuse is charged onto the uppermost stage of the horizontal floors, the agitator units and said horizontal floors also being rotated relative to each other during which the charged material is agitated and moved on the horizontal floors, and the material is allowed to fall successively onto the floor below thereby effecting the composting operation.
摘要:
A water producing-air conditioning system comprises a water producing apparatus which adsorbs moisture in the ambient air on an adsorbent or absorbent and evaporates water adsorbed on the adsorbent or absorbent by heating it and condenses steam to obtain water;a heat-exchanger which heat-exchange the ambient air with a hot dry air discharged from said water producing apparatus during adsorbing moisture on the adsorbent or absorbent; andan evaporation-cooling apparatus for forming a cold wet air by evaporating water and cooling it by contacting water with a dry air at the ambient temperature passed through said heat-exchanger.The hot air heated by said heat-exchanger or the cold air obtained from said evaporation-cooling apparatus is utilized for the air conditioning. The system can be used for comfortable living in a severe condition such as a desert by the effective combination of the evaporation-cooling apparatus with the water producing apparatus under utilizing heat-exchange in high efficiency.
摘要:
A water producing apparatus is, as a principle, to produce liquid water from moisture in the air by adsorbing the moisture on an adsorbent and then desorbing water from the adsorbent by heating it and condensing steam into liquid water. The water producing apparatus comprises a recycling passage for recycling steam through an adsorbent column in the desorbing step, a heater for heating the steam in the recycling passage; and a condenser branched from the recycling passage. In the desorbing step, steam in the recycling passage is heated by the heater to heat the adsorbent and to desorb water from the adsorbent and excess of steam corresponding to the desorbed steam is passed from the recycling passage to the branched condenser and is condensed to obtain liquid water in high efficiency.
摘要:
An adhesive composition suitable for a hot melt adhesive or hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesive, which comprises a block copolymer (a) and a tackifier (b), wherein said block copolymer (a) has at least one polymer block A being a hydrogenated butadiene polymer block having a 1,2-bond content of 20 mol % or less and at least one polymer block B substantially having an olefin polymer structure different from the polymer block A and having a glass transition temperature of -20.degree. C. or less and a heat of crystalline fusion of 8 cal/g or lower, and containing the polymer block A before hydrogenation in an amount of 3 to 80 wt. %.
摘要:
A combustion method and apparatus in which combustible matter, e.g., waste matter, coal, etc., is gasified to produce a combustible gas containing a sufficiently large amount of combustible component to melt ash by its own heat. A fluidized-bed furnace has an approximately circular horizontal cross-sectional configuration. A moving bed, in which a fluidized medium settles and diffuses, is formed in the central portion of the furnace, and a fluidized bed, in which the fluidized medium is actively fluidized, is formed in the peripheral portion in the furnace. The fluidized medium is turned over to the upper part of the moving bed from the upper part of the fluidized bed, thus circulating through the two beds. Combustible matter is cast into the upper part of the moving bed and gasified to form a combustible gas while circulating, together with the fluidized medium. The amount of oxygen supplied to the fluidized-bed furnace is set so as to be not higher than 30% of the theoretical amount of oxygen required for combustion. The temperature of the fluidized bed is maintained at 450.degree. C. to 650.degree. C. so that the combustible gas produced contains a large amount of combustible component. The combustible gas and fine particles produced in the fluidized-bed furnace are supplied to a melt combustion furnace where they are burned at high temperature, and the resulting ash is melted.