摘要:
A method for treating a non-planar surface of an object by employing a plasma treatment apparatus in which a microwave dielectric has a non-planar surface corresponding to the surface of the object. A method for forming an optical part is also provided.
摘要:
A process for producing an optical article includes laminating a first optically transparent thin layer and a second optically transparent thin layer having a higher refractive index than that of the first optically transparent thin layer on a surface of a substrate. At least one of the first and second optically transparent thin layers is deposited by sputtering using a sputtering gas comprising atoms of at least one selected from the group consisting of krypton, xenon and radon.
摘要:
In an excimer laser oscillation apparatus including a laser chamber (20) constituted by a laser tube (2) for storing a laser gas containing a gas mixture of at least one inert gas selected from the group consisting of Kr, Ar, and Ne, He and F2 gas, and an optical resonator consisting of a pair of reflection mirrors (5, 6) arranged to sandwich the laser chamber (20) therebetween, the inner surface of the laser chamber (20) for storing the laser gas has a reflection-free surface with respect to light of a desired wavelength of 248 nm, 193 nm, or 157 nm, and the uppermost surface of the inner surface consists of a fluoride, and a means (waveguide 1) for introducing a microwave for exciting the laser gas in the laser chamber (20) is prepared. With this arrangement, an excimer laser oscillation apparatus, an oscillation method, and an exposure apparatus can be provided, which can reduce the load on the lens material and its surface, can simplify the mirror or laser scanning control system, and are satisfactorily used in mass production since the service life of an excimer laser can be sufficiently prolonged.
摘要:
A plasma is excited uniformly as a whole over the length of each slot. A laser oscillating apparatus is designed to excite a laser gas in a laser tube (2) by introducing electromagnetic waves into the laser tube through a plurality of slots (10) formed in a waveguide wall and generate a laser beam by resonating the light generated from the laser gas. A least one electrode (13) is placed near the slot (10). By giving a predetermined current density to the electrode (13), the intensity distribution of light generated from the laser gas above the slot (10) is controlled.
摘要:
In order to effectively remove gas molecules of a by-product in a chemical reaction in a solution so as to achieve high efficiency, high rate, and uniformity of the chemical reaction in the solution and in order to realize formation of a semiconductor substrate applicable to production of SOI structure and realize formation of a semiconductor substrate in which a light-emitting element or a gas sensor can be formed, on the basis of an inexpensive silicon substrate, the chemical reaction is performed while the concentration of a gas dissolved in a reaction solution in a reaction vessel is always controlled to be not more than the solubility thereof during the reaction.
摘要:
A semiconductor substrate adapted to giga-scale integration (GSI) comprises a support, at least the surface of which is made of semiconductor, an electroconductive material layer, an insulating layer and a semiconductor layer arranged sequentially in the above order. The electroconductive material layer has at least in part thereof an electroconductive reacted layer obtained by causing two metals, a metal and a semiconductor, a metal and a metal-semiconductor compound, a semiconductor and a metal-semiconductor compound, or two metal-semiconductor compounds to react each other. An electroconductive reaction terminating layer that is made of a material that does not react with the reacted layer is arranged between the reacted layer and the insulating layer or the support.
摘要:
An optical article includes an optical thin film laminated on a surface of a substrate. The optical thin film includes atoms of at least one selected from the group consisting of krypton, xenon and radon. The optical thin film is a film of oxides or fluorides and the content of the atoms is within 0.5 atomic ppm to 1 atomic %.
摘要:
A photoelectric converter comprising a photosensor element, a typical example of the photosensor element comprising: a transistor including an n or n.sup.+ collector region an n.sup.- region disposed contiguous to the collector region, a p base region disposed contiguous to the n.sup.- region an n.sup.+ emitter region disposed contiguous to the base region, and a first electrode connected to the emitter region; and a storage capacitor constituted by the base region, an electrically insulating region disposed contiguous to the base region, and a second electrode connected to the electrically insulting region; whereby the base region is held in a floating state. A photogenerated charge is stored in the base region by controlling the potential of the base region and an electric signal corresponding to the charge stored in the base region is subsequently output from the first electrode.
摘要:
A photoelectric transducer device controls a potential of a control electrode region of a semiconductor transistor through a capacitor to perform a storage operation for storing carriers generated upon light excitation of the control electrode region, a read operation for reading a signal from a main electrode region of the semiconductor transistor, the signal being controlled by a storage voltage generated by storage of the carriers, and a refresh operation for electrically neutralizing the carriers stored in the control electrode region. A semiconductor reigon having the same conductivity type as that of the main electrode region and having an impurity concentration lower than that of the main electrode region is formed in the control electrode region independently of the main electrode region. A photoelectric transducer device including a semiconductor region. Two main electrodes and a control electrode are formed between the main electrodes. A capacitor is provided for controlling a potential of the control electrode in a floating state. The photoelectric transducer device is adapted to control the potential of the control electrode in the floating state through the capacitor to store carriers generated by electromagnetic waves incident on the semiconductor region. Control means is provided for controlling the potential of the control electrode through the capacitor to electrically neutralize the carriers and means for injecting carriers into the control electrode immediately prior to electrical neutralization of the carriers by the control means is provided. '
摘要:
In a laser oscillating apparatus for exciting a laser gas in a laser tube by introducing an electromagnetic wave from a waveguide into the laser tube through a plurality of slots formed in a waveguide wall, and generating a laser beam by resonating light emitted from the laser gas, the slots are formed in a line such that their longitudinal direction is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the waveguide, and a metal wall is so formed as to surround these slots. This metal wall forms a gap as a microwave passage from the slots to a window in the laser tube wall, thereby spacing the laser tube wall apart from the slots by a predetermined distance.