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    Multiple phase emulsions in burner fuel, combustion, emulsion and explosives applications
    231.
    发明授权
    Multiple phase emulsions in burner fuel, combustion, emulsion and explosives applications 失效
    燃烧器燃料，燃烧，乳液和爆炸物应用中的多相乳液

    公开(公告)号：US5834539A

    公开(公告)日：1998-11-10

    申请号：US633844

    申请日：1996-04-09

    Applicant: Dennis Krivohlavek

    Inventor： Dennis Krivohlavek

    IPC: B01F17/00 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C08J3/26 ,  C08L95/00

    CPC classification number: B01F17/0007 ,  B01F17/0078 ,  B01J13/0026 ,  B01J13/0065 ,  C10L1/328 ,  Y10S149/118

    Abstract: A multiple phase emulsion or gel including a water phase within at least one oil phase in which either or both of the phases contains one or more chemical moieties selected from a group consisting of organic compounds that have multiple hydroxide functionality, cholesterol, lecithin, multiple valent metal ions, saponified organic acids, unsaponified organic acids, saponified organic bases, unsaponified organic bases, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric compounds. The water and oil phase is also within a second water or oil phase in which the second water or oil phase is obtained by mixture of chemical moieties selected from a group consisting of organic acids, tall oil products, organic bases, phosphates, sulfates, nonionic chemicals, amphoterics and betaines.

    Abstract translation: 一种多相乳液或凝胶，其在至少一个油相中包含水相，其中一相或两相含有一种或多种选自具有多个氢氧化物官能度的有机化合物，胆固醇，卵磷脂，多价 金属离子，皂化有机酸，未皂化的有机酸，皂化有机碱，非皂化有机碱，非离子表面活性剂和两性化合物。 水相和油相也在第二个水或油相中，其中通过选自有机酸，妥尔油产物，有机碱，磷酸盐，硫酸盐，非离子表面活性剂的化学部分的混合物获得第二水或油相。 化学品，两性和甜菜碱。

    Water clusters and uses therefor
    232.
    发明授权
    Water clusters and uses therefor 失效
    水集群及其用途

    公开(公告)号：US5800576A

    公开(公告)日：1998-09-01

    申请号：US747862

    申请日：1996-11-13

    Applicant: Keith H. Johnson ,  Bin Zhang ,  Harry C. Clark

    Inventor： Keith H. Johnson ,  Bin Zhang ,  Harry C. Clark

    IPC: C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18 ,  C01L1/32

    CPC classification number: C10L1/328

    Abstract: The present invention provides water cluster compositions characterized by high oxygen reactivity due to protruding, delocalized p.pi. orbitals. The invention also provides methods of producing the structures. The invention further provides methods of using the water clusters, for example in combustion, and compositions associated therewith.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了由于突出的，离域p pi轨道引起的高氧反应性的特征的水簇组合物。 本发明还提供了生产结构的方法。 本发明进一步提供了使用水簇的方法，例如在燃烧中以及与之相关的组合物。

    Emulsion of viscous hydrocarbon in aqueous buffer solution and method for preparing same
    237.
    发明授权
    Emulsion of viscous hydrocarbon in aqueous buffer solution and method for preparing same 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5480583A

    公开(公告)日：1996-01-02

    申请号：US413

    申请日：1993-01-04

    Applicant: Hercilio Rivas ,  Socrates Acevedo ,  Xiomara Gutierrez

    Inventor： Hercilio Rivas ,  Socrates Acevedo ,  Xiomara Gutierrez

    IPC: B01F3/08 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18 ,  B01J13/00 ,  F17D1/17

    CPC classification number: B01F3/0811 ,  C10L1/328 ,  B01F2003/0826 ,  Y10S516/923 ,  Y10S516/927 ,  Y10S516/929

    Abstract: A method for forming a stable emulsion of a viscous hydrocarbon in an aqueous buffer solution includes the steps of: providing a viscous hydrocarbon containing an inactive natural surfactant and having a salt content by weight of less than or equal to about 15 ppm and having a water content by weight of less than or equal to about 0.1%; forming a solution of a buffer additive in an aqueous solution to provide a basic aqueous buffer solution, the buffer additive being operative to extract and activate the inactive natural surfactant from the viscous hydrocarbon; and mixing the viscous hydrocarbon with the aqueous buffer solution at a rate sufficient to provide an emulsion of the viscous hydrocarbon in the aqueous buffer solution, whereby the buffer additive extracts the inactive natural surfactant from the viscous hydrocarbon into the aqueous buffer solution and activates the inactive natural surfactant so as to stabilize the emulsion. According to the invention, the buffer additive is a water soluble amine. The inactive natural surfactant contained in the viscous hydrocarbon includes carboxylic acids, phenols, esters, and mixtures thereof. Bimodal emulsions, having two distinct droplet size distributions, are also formed according to the method of the present invention and have improved viscosity characteristics.

    Method of preparation of emulsions of viscous hydrocarbon in water which inhibits aging
    239.
    发明授权
    Method of preparation of emulsions of viscous hydrocarbon in water which inhibits aging 失效
    制备抑制老化的水中粘性烃的乳液的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5354504A

    公开(公告)日：1994-10-11

    申请号：US746985

    申请日：1991-08-19

    Applicant: Hercilio Rivas ,  Maria L. Ventresca ,  Gerardo Sanchez

    Inventor： Hercilio Rivas ,  Maria L. Ventresca ,  Gerardo Sanchez

    IPC: B01F3/08 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B01F17/52 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  F17D1/16

    CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  B01F3/0811 ,  B01F2013/1052 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: A method for the preparation of a hydrocarbon in water emulsion from viscous hydrocarbons wherein aging of the emulsion over time is substantially eliminated comprises forming a concentrated emulsion characterized by a water content of less than or equal to 15%/wt. and an average oil droplet size of less than or equal to 4 microns and thereafter forming a final emulsion by diluting the concentrated hydrocarbon in water emulsion with water so as to obtain a water content of less than or equal to 30%/wt. and stirring said diluted emulsion so as to obtain a final hydrocarbon in water emulsion having an average oil droplet size of greater than or equal to 15 microns.

    Abstract translation: 一种从粘性烃制备水包油乳液的方法，其中基本上消除了乳液的老化基本上消除了包括形成特征在于含水量小于或等于15％/重量的浓缩乳液。 和平均油滴尺寸小于或等于4微米，然后通过用水稀释浓缩的水包油乳液形成最终乳液，以获得小于或等于30％/重量的含水量。 并搅拌所述稀释的乳液，以获得平均油滴尺寸大于或等于15微米的最终的水包油乳液。

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