摘要:
A switch is provided for selectively routing digital information packets received from at least first and second external sources to at least first and second external destinations. At least one of the first sources generates an information packet including a datum, or a request therefore, and a corresponding descriptor. First and second routing interconnects have inputs for receiving packets from respective sources and outputs for transmitting packets to respective destinations. The interconnects are also coupled for transferring packets between one another. Directories within the interconnects store descriptors corresponding to data associated with the first destination, as well as requests routed from the other interconnect. A controller routes packets based on the correspondence, or lack thereof, between the descriptor in that packet and an entry signal allocated to corresponding directory.
摘要:
A digital data processing apparatus includes a shift-register bus that transfers packets of digital information. The bus has a plurality of digital storage and transfer stages connected in series in a ring configuration. A plurality of processing cells, each including at least a memory element, are connected in a ring configuration through the bus, with each cell being in communication with an associated subset of stages of the bus. At least one processing cell includes a cell interconnect that performs at least one of modifying, extracting, replicating and transferring a packet based on an association, if any, between a datum identified in that packet and one or more data stored in said associated memory element. The cell interconnect responds to applied digital clock cycle signals for simultaneously transferring at least a selected packet through successive stages of the bus at a rate responsive to the digital clock cycle rate, while performing the modifying, extracting, replicating and transferring operation.
摘要:
Disclosed is a multiprocessor computer system including a plurality of processor modules with each of the processor modules including at least one processor and a cache memory which is shared by all of the processors of each processor module. The processor modules are connected to a system bus which comprises independent data, address, vectored interrupt, and control buses. A system memory which is shared by all the processor modules is also connected to the buses, and the cache memories in each processor module store those memory locations in the main memory most frequently accessed by the processors in its module. A system control module controls the operation and interaction of all of the modules and contains the bus arbiters for the vector, data and address buses. The system control module also controls the retrying of requests which are not completed and should any requester fail to obtain access to a bus, the system control module also unjams this deadlock. Each of these multiprocessor computer systems can be connected to another multiprocessor computer system through an interface which includes a cache for housing frequently accessed locations of the other multiprocessor system.
摘要:
A multiprocessor digital data processing system comprises a plurality of processing cells arranged in a hierarchy of rings. The system selectively allocates storage and moves exclusive data copies from cell to cell in response to access requests generated by the cells. Routing elements are employed to selectively broadcast data access requests, updates and transfers on the rings.
摘要:
The invention provides improved data processing apparatus, systems and methods that include one or more nodes, e.g., processor modules or otherwise, that include or are otherwise coupled to cache, physical or other memory (e.g., attached flash drives or other mounted storage devices) collectively, “system memory.” At least one of the nodes includes a cache memory system that stores data (and/or instructions) recently accessed (and/or expected to be accessed) by the respective node, along with tags specifying addresses and statuses (e.g., modified, reference count, etc.) for the respective data (and/or instructions). The tags facilitate translating system addresses to physical addresses, e.g., for purposes of moving data (and/or instructions) between system memory (and, specifically, for example, physical memory—such as attached drives or other mounted storage) and the cache memory system.
摘要:
The invention provides, in one aspect, a virtual processor that includes one or more virtual processing units. These virtual processing units execute on one or more processors, and each virtual processing unit executes one or more processes or threads (collectively, “threads”). While the threads may be constrained to executing throughout their respective lifetimes on the same virtual processing units, they need not be. An event delivery mechanism associates events with respective threads and notifies those threads when the events occur, regardless of which virtual processing unit and/or processor the threads happen to be executing on at the time. The invention provides, in other aspects, virtual and/or digital data processors with improved dataflow-based synchronization. A process or thread (collectively, again, “thread”) executing within such processor can execute a memory instruction (e.g., an “Empty” or other memory-consumer instruction) that permits the thread to wait on the availability of data generated, e.g., by another thread and to transparently wake up when that other thread makes the data available (e.g., by execution of a “Fill” or other memory-producer instruction).
摘要:
A contrast marker having a casing and a novel MRI contrast agent comprising metal complexes disposed around, within, or abuting the casing is provided. Such contrast markers may be placed in a strand, with or without a therapy seed, to produce a seeded strand useful for imaging and in connection with brachytherapy.
摘要:
A multiprocessor digital data processing system comprises a plurality of processing cells arranged in a hierarchy of rings. The system selectively allocates storage and moves exclusive data copies from cell to cell in response to access requests generated by the cells. Routing elements are employed to selectively broadcast data access requests, updates and transfers on the rings.
摘要:
Distributed shared memory systems and processes that can connect into each node of a computer network to encapsulate the memory management operations of the connected nodes and to provide thereby an abstraction of a shared virtual memory that can span across each node of the network and that optionally spans across each memory device connected to the computer network. Accordingly, each node on the network having the distributed shared memory system of the invention can access the shared memory.
摘要:
A shared client-side Web cache is provided by implementing a file system shared between nodes. Each browser application stores cached data in files stored in a globally addressable data store. Since the file system is a shared one, the client-side Web caches are also shared.