摘要:
Methods of making compositions including fluorinated peroxides are disclosed. The compositions are useful, for example, for reacting with organic compounds. In one embodiment, novel peroxides are provided.
摘要:
A method of reacting a first non-fluorous compound to produce a second non-fluorous compound includes the steps of: contacting a first non-fluorous phase including the first non-fluorous compound with a first fluorous phase at a first phase interface, the first non-fluorous compound distributing between the first fluorous phase and the first non-fluorous phase; contacting the first fluorous phase with a second non-fluorous phase at a second phase interface; and including at least a third non-fluorous compound in the second non-fluorous phase that reacts with the first non-fluorous compound to produce the second non-fluorous compound, the second non-fluorous compound having a distribution coefficient less than the first non-fluorous compound. For example, the first non-fluorous compound can be dibromine or diiodine, and the second non-fluorous compound can be an alkene.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming methods. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-sulfur bond between the sulfur atom of a thiol moiety and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In other embodiments, the present invention relates to copper(II)-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-nitrogen bond between the nitrogen atom of an amide and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to copper-catalyzed methods of forming a carbon-carbon bond between the carbon atom of cyanide ion and the activated carbon of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl halide or sulfonate. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a copper-catalyzed method of transforming an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide into the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide. Yet another embodient of the present invention relates to a tandem method, which may be practiced in a single reaction vessel, wherein the first step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide from the corresponding aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl chloride or bromide; and the second step of the method involves the copper-catalyzed formation of an aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl nitrile, amide or sulfide from the aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl iodide formed in the first step.
摘要:
A method for brominating hydroxyaromatic compounds to form products, such as p-bromophenol, is disclosed. The method uses elemental bromine as the brominating agent and comprises contacting a hydroxyaromatic compound with bromine and oxygen in the presence of metal catalyst. Suitable catalysts include elemental copper, copper compounds, and compounds of Group IV-VIII transition metals.
摘要:
A process is provided for increasing the fluorine content of benzene or pyridine rings which are optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 inert substituents. The process involves (a) contacting the ring with a metal fluoride composition comprising cupric fluoride (CuF.sub.2) at a temperature above 250.degree. C. sufficient to transfer F from cupric fluoride to the optionally substituted ring, thereby chemically reducing the metal fluoride composition; (b) oxidizing the reduced metal fluoride composition from (a) in the presence of HF to regenerate a metal fluoride composition comprising cupric fluoride; and (c) employing regenerated metal fluoride composition of (b) in (a).
摘要:
Disclosed is a method of fluorinating a substrate having the general formula ##STR1## where each R is independently selected from halogen, alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.12, aryl from C.sub.6 to C.sub.12, alkoxide from C.sub.1 to C.sub.12, aryloxide from C.sub.6 to C.sub.12, nitro, amino, alkylamino from C.sub.1 to C.sub.12, and arylamino from C.sub.6 to C.sub.12, each X is independently selected from halogen and at least one X is chlorine or bromine, each m is independently selected from 0 to 5, n is 0 or 1, p is 0 or 1, q is 0 or 1, and n+p+q is 1. The substrate is heated to a temperature of about 40 to about 100.degree. C. and is reacted with a fluorinating agent in the presence of about 0.05 to about 2 wt % molybdenum trioxide. The composition of the substrate, the catalyst, and the fluorinating agent is also disclosed.
摘要翻译:公开了一种氟化具有以下通式的底物的方法,其中每个R独立地选自卤素,C1至C12的烷基,C6至C12的芳基,C1至C12的烷氧基,C6至C12的芳氧基,硝基,氨基,烷基氨基 C 1〜C 12的芳基氨基,C 6〜C 12的芳基氨基,X各自独立地选自卤素,至少一个X为氯或溴,m各自独立地选自0〜5,n为0或1,p为0或1 ,q为0或1,n + p + q为1.将基材加热至约40至约100℃的温度,并在约0.05至约2重量%的存在下与氟化剂反应, 三氧化钼。 还公开了底物,催化剂和氟化剂的组成。
摘要:
The present invention provides several methods of synthesis and separation in which organic/fluorous phase separation techniques are used to effect separations. The present invention also provides novel compositions of matter comprising fluorous Si, Sn and Ge compounds.
摘要:
A method for the production of a fluorine-containing aromatic compound is provided which allows the relevant reaction to proceed in a standard reaction vessel such as, for example, a glass vessel at room temperature under an ambient pressure without requiring provision of such special devices as have been necessary heretofore or adoption of harsh reaction conditions. This method comprises causing an aromatic compound (A) having a cyclic skeletal part of 6 to 16 carbon atoms containing a plurality of --C(.dbd.O)X groups, wherein X stands for a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and having the remaining hydrogen atoms unsubstituted or partly or wholly substituted with at least one species of halogen atom to react with a compound (B) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently stand for an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst for preparing para-chloro aromatic compounds by the liquid-phase chlorination method. The catalyst is prepared by loading transition metal salts, rare earth metal salts or a mixture thereof, and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorides having a melting point of 300.degree. C. or more, by solid-state method or impregnation method, into zeolite L being ion-exchanged by alkali metal. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing para-isomers of the chlorinated compounds by using the catalyst.
摘要:
The process for preparing 2-amino-6-iodopurine including the steps of suspending at least one chloropurine compound selected from 2-formylamino-6-chloropurine, 2-formylamino-6-chloropurine acetate and 2-amino-6-chloropurine in a solution comprising aqueous hydriodic acid and an alkyl ketone having 3 to 7 carbon atoms; and stirring the resulting suspension at 0.degree. to 50.degree. C. According to the process of the present invention, 2-amino-6-iodopurine can be simply, industrially, and advantageously prepared.